本文關(guān)鍵詞：泰山松花粉多糖對(duì)ALV-J不同接種途徑誘導(dǎo)的雞群免疫抑制的免疫調(diào)理作用　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： J亞群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J) SPF雞 水平傳播 泰山松花粉多糖(TPPPS) 免疫抑制 免疫調(diào)理

【摘要】：家禽免疫抑制病是養(yǎng)禽業(yè)中不可忽視的重大疫病之一,其傳染因子通過(guò)侵害家禽的免疫系統(tǒng)、免疫器官、免疫細(xì)胞而造成雞群疫苗免疫失敗、病原繼發(fā)感染和病原混合感染,導(dǎo)致禽業(yè)生產(chǎn)損失嚴(yán)重。免疫抑制病由于其亞臨床感染及極易誤診的免疫抑制形成巨大的潛在危害性,使疫病防控面臨嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)和巨大挑戰(zhàn)。禽白血病(Avian Leucosis,AL)是由ALV(Avian Leukosis Virus)和ASV(Avian Sarcoma Virus)感染引起的腫瘤性免疫抑制病。J亞群禽白血病病毒(Subgroup J avian leucosis virus,ALV-J)是具有更強(qiáng)致病性和感染性的新亞型,可產(chǎn)生多種腫瘤,誘發(fā)雞群死亡,造成亞臨床感染及免疫抑制等不容忽視的危害。ALV-J具有比其他禽白血病亞型更快更強(qiáng)的水平傳播能力,雛雞出殼后是ALV-J發(fā)生水平傳播的一個(gè)重要時(shí)期,不同接觸及接種途徑均可導(dǎo)致ALV-J水平感染,但不同接種途徑誘導(dǎo)的雛雞免疫抑制情況尚未明確,亟待探究。本實(shí)驗(yàn)室前期研究的泰山松花粉多糖(Taishan pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide,TPPPS)免疫增強(qiáng)和抗病毒活性顯著,經(jīng)注射給藥能夠有效緩解B亞群禽白血病病毒的致病性,但TPPPS注射給藥不僅會(huì)給機(jī)體造成應(yīng)激而且也不利于生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用,目前TPPPS口服給藥的作用效果及其對(duì)ALV-J早期水平感染的調(diào)理作用亟需探究。鑒于上述研究背景,本研究首先通過(guò)建立ALV-J不同接種途徑的人工感染雛雞模型,分析ALV-J不同感染途徑誘導(dǎo)雛雞免疫抑制程度的差異,以評(píng)價(jià)ALV-J不同水平傳播途徑對(duì)雞的感染力和致病力。1日齡SPF雞分別經(jīng)口服、點(diǎn)眼、腹腔注射、肌肉注射途徑感染ALV-J,監(jiān)測(cè)各感染組雞只的生長(zhǎng)性能、帶毒和排毒規(guī)律,并對(duì)其病毒血癥、相關(guān)免疫學(xué)指標(biāo)及抗體反應(yīng)進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)檢測(cè)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),各感染組雞的生長(zhǎng)性能和免疫應(yīng)答水平存在明顯差異。從感染后第2周開始腹腔注射和肌肉注射組可檢出泄殖腔排毒和病毒血癥,此后持續(xù)帶毒、排毒;體重、免疫器官指數(shù)、CD~(4+)和CD~(8+)T淋巴細(xì)胞數(shù)、細(xì)胞因子(IL-2、IL-4和IFN-γ)分泌量以及淋巴細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化率顯著低于對(duì)照組;抗體轉(zhuǎn)陽(yáng)不明顯。而口服、點(diǎn)眼感染組與對(duì)照組相比引起的免疫抑制程度并不顯著。結(jié)果表明,低日齡雛雞感染ALV-J易造成免疫抑制,其中腹腔注射和肌肉注射感染造成雞體帶毒、排毒和免疫抑制的能力最強(qiáng)。本研究明確了雞群ALV-J水平傳播的不同途徑與雞的感染力、免疫抑制力之間的關(guān)系,為研究ALV-J的感染機(jī)制、種群凈化以及防控提供了理論依據(jù)。其次,為了探討TPPPS對(duì)ALV-J不同接種途徑誘導(dǎo)1日齡SPF雛雞免疫抑制的免疫調(diào)理作用,本研究分別經(jīng)口服、點(diǎn)眼、腹腔注射、肌肉注射模擬水平傳播感染ALV-J,同時(shí)連續(xù)10 d口服給予TPPPS,分別對(duì)各組試驗(yàn)雞體重及免疫器官指數(shù)、帶毒、排毒及抗體、相關(guān)免疫學(xué)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行檢測(cè)比較。結(jié)果顯示,飼喂多糖組與接毒組相比,試驗(yàn)雞體重及免疫器官指數(shù)抑制程度得到改善,血液帶毒及泄殖腔排毒量降低,抗體分泌提前、分泌量增加,T淋巴細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化率、IL-2及IFN-γ細(xì)胞因子分泌量、CD~(4+)和CD~(8+)T細(xì)胞數(shù)提升較大,其中以腹腔注射和肌肉注射組TPPPS的免疫調(diào)理作用最顯著,而健康對(duì)照組飼喂TPPPS后試驗(yàn)雞相關(guān)免疫指標(biāo)水平提高。本試驗(yàn)結(jié)果揭示了TPPPS對(duì)健康雛雞具有一定的免疫增強(qiáng)作用,口服TPPPS對(duì)不同水平傳播途徑感染ALV-J引起的免疫抑制具有免疫調(diào)理作用,TPPPS可作為有效免疫增強(qiáng)劑以防控ALV-J早期水平感染,降低其免疫抑制程度,減少經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。
[Abstract]:Poultry immunosuppressive disease is one of the major diseases that can not be ignored in the poultry industry, the infectious agent through the immune system against poultry immune organs, immune cells caused by the failure of chicken vaccine, secondary infection and mixed infection of pathogenic pathogens, resulting in the production of poultry loss serious. Immunosuppressive diseases due to the subclinical infection and misdiagnosis of immunosuppression formed huge potential hazards, the disease prevention and control is facing the grim situation and challenge. Avian leukosis (Avian Leucosis, AL) by ALV (Avian Leukosis Virus) and ASV (Avian Sarcoma Virus) tumor immunity infection caused by suppression of disease of avian leukosis virus subgroup.J (Subgroup J avian leucosis virus, ALV-J) is a new subtype has stronger pathogenicity and infection, can produce a variety of tumor induced deaths of chickens, harm.ALV-J subclinical infection and immune suppression can not be ignored Compared with the horizontal transmission ability of other avian leukemia subtypes faster, chicks after hatching is an important period of ALV-J level of communication, contact and different inoculation routes can lead to ALV-J infection, but chicken immunity induced by different inoculation pathway inhibition is not yet clear, needs to be explored. Our previous studies of Taishan pine pollen polysaccharides (Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide, TPPPS) immune and antiviral activity significantly, the pathogenicity of injection can effectively alleviate the avian leukosis virus subgroup B, but TPPPS injection administration will not only give the body caused by stress but also not conducive to the production application, at present TPPPS oral medicine and its effect on ALV-J early infection level conditioning to explore. In view of the above research background, this study first through the establishment of ALV-J inoculation approaches of artificial infection. Chicken model, analysis the difference of degree of immunosuppression induced with different routes of infection ALV-J, to evaluate the different levels of ALV-J transmission on chicken infectivity and pathogenicity of.1 day old SPF chickens were inoculated by oral, intraperitoneal injection, intramuscular injection of ALV-J infection, the infection group monitoring only the chicken growth performance, and poison the law and the detoxification, viremia, immunological indexes and antibody response was measured. The results showed that there are significant differences in growth performance and immune response of chickens infected group. The infection from second weeks after intraperitoneal injection and intramuscular injection group was detectable viremia and cloaca, then continued to take poison, detoxification; body weight, immune organ index, CD~ (4+) and CD~ (8+) T lymphocytes, cytokines (IL-2, IL-4 and IFN- gamma) secretion and lymphocyte transformation rate was significantly lower than the control group; antibody and export is not obvious. Clothing, eye infection group compared with the control group induced immune suppression level is not significant. The results show that the low age of chickens infected with ALV-J may cause immunosuppression, including intraperitoneal injection and intramuscular injection of infection caused by chicken body with poison, detoxification and immune suppression is the strongest. This study clearly appeal in different ways and chicken group of horizontal transmission of ALV-J, immune suppression force relationship between, for the study of the mechanism of ALV-J infection and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of population and purification. Secondly, in order to investigate the immune TPPPS of ALV-J induced by different inoculation ways of 1 day old SPF chickens immune suppression of opsonization, this study respectively by oral, eye, intraperitoneal injection simulation, intramuscular injection of horizontal transmission of ALV-J infection, and oral administration of TPPPS for 10 d, respectively, on body weight and immune organs of chickens infected, index, detoxification and antibody related immunomarkers check Comparison test. The results showed that feeding polysaccharide group compared with inoculation group, body weight and immune organ index in chickens inhibition degree is improved, the blood poison and cloacal detoxification decreased, antibody secretion in advance, secretion increased, T lymphocyte transformation rate, IL-2 and IFN- gamma cytokine secretion, CD~ (4+) and CD~ (8+) T cell number increase greatly, the immune peritoneal injection and intramuscular injection group TPPPS conditioning the most significant effect, and the healthy control group after feeding TPPPS chickens related immune indicators to improve the level of. The test results revealed that TPPPS has a certain immune enhancing effect on healthy chickens, immune oral TPPPS of different levels of communication infection caused by ALV-J inhibition of immune function, TPPPS can be used as an effective immune enhancer to control the level of ALV-J at early stage of infection, reduce the immune suppression and reduce economic losses.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S858.31

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