本文關(guān)鍵詞：東北杏種質(zhì)資源多樣性研究　出處：《沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 東北杏 種質(zhì)資源 表型性狀 SSR標(biāo)記 多樣性

【摘要】：東北杏是集觀賞、經(jīng)濟(jì)、用材于一體的重要樹(shù)種,長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直處于野生和半野生狀態(tài),鮮有相關(guān)研究報(bào)道。本文對(duì)東北杏主要分布區(qū)內(nèi)種質(zhì)資源狀況開(kāi)展了調(diào)查,對(duì)典型樣木進(jìn)行了表型性狀觀測(cè)和SSR分子標(biāo)記分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了種質(zhì)資源的形態(tài)多樣性和遺傳多樣性。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)26個(gè)東北杏數(shù)量性狀指標(biāo)的變異系數(shù)在9.18%～66.18%之間,變異較大,表現(xiàn)出較高的遺傳多樣性。依據(jù)26個(gè)數(shù)量性狀和9個(gè)質(zhì)量性狀指標(biāo)對(duì)供試東北杏進(jìn)行聚類分析,44種質(zhì)分為5大類,結(jié)果體現(xiàn)了種源與形態(tài)特征的綜合作用,種源在分類中表現(xiàn)出比較明顯的規(guī)律。(2)采用L16(45)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),研究了既適合東北杏也適合西伯利亞杏、野杏及普通杏的SSR-PCR反應(yīng)體系。優(yōu)化反應(yīng)體系為:總反應(yīng)體系為20μL,其中DNA模板 20ng,Mg2+2.5mmol·L-1,dNTPs0.3mmol·L-1,引物 0.15μmol L-1,Taq酶 1U。并篩選141對(duì)引物進(jìn)行了全基因組SSR分子標(biāo)記的開(kāi)發(fā)。(3)141對(duì)引物對(duì)東北杏群體進(jìn)行SSR分子標(biāo)記,條帶清晰度高、多態(tài)性好的引物共115對(duì)引物,SSR標(biāo)記上表現(xiàn)出較高水平的多態(tài)性,115個(gè)標(biāo)記平均等位位點(diǎn)數(shù)目(NA)為9.167,分布范圍為2～24,有效等位位點(diǎn)數(shù)目(NE)為4.979,I=1.641,多態(tài)信息含量(PIC)平均值為0.689。平均期望雜合度(HE)及發(fā)現(xiàn)雜合度(Ho)分別為0.804和0.270。應(yīng)用不加權(quán)成對(duì)算術(shù)平均法(UPGMA)將67東北杏種質(zhì)聚為4類,67個(gè)東北杏樣本需要12個(gè)引物才能完全分開(kāi)。基于貝葉斯數(shù)學(xué)模型所確定的亞群體結(jié)構(gòu)分析表明,67個(gè)東北杏種質(zhì)構(gòu)成的群體被分為4個(gè)亞群。且與基于SSR分子標(biāo)記的聚類結(jié)果以及地理種源顯著相關(guān)。上述研究結(jié)果為東北杏種質(zhì)資源保護(hù)、開(kāi)發(fā)利用和遺傳育種工作提供了一定的科學(xué)依據(jù),也為進(jìn)一步研究提供了參考。
[Abstract]:Northeast apricot is ornamental, economic, in one of the important timber tree species, has long been a wild and semi wild state, related research reports rarely. This paper is mainly distributed in Northeast Apricot Germplasm resources situation in the region to carry out the investigation, the typical sample trees were analyzed observation and SSR molecular markers based on phenotypic traits. Analysis of the morphological diversity of germplasm resources and genetic diversity. The main results are as follows: (1) the coefficient of variation of quantitative traits of 26 large northeast apricot variation in 9.18% ~ 66.18% between, showed high genetic diversity. On the basis of 26 quantitative traits and 9 quality traits by cluster analysis for try the Northeast apricot, 44 were divided into 5 categories, the results reflected the combined effects of provenance and morphological characteristics, provenance showed obvious regularity in the classification. (2) by L16 (45) orthogonal experimental design, the research is suitable He is also suitable for Siberia northeast apricot apricot, wild apricot and SSR-PCR reaction system of apricot. Optimization of the reaction system: the total reaction system is 20 L, the DNA Mg2+2.5mmol template 20ng, L-1, dNTPs0.3mmol, L-1, 0.15 mol primers L-1, Taq enzyme 1U. and 141 pairs of primers were screened for the development of whole genome SSR molecular markers (3). 141 pairs of northeast apricot groups SSR molecular marker bands, high resolution, good a total of 115 polymorphic primers, SSR markers showed a high level of polymorphism, 115 average marker allele number (NA) was 9.167, the distribution range is 2 ~ 24, the effective number of alleles (NE) was 4.979, I=1.641, polymorphism information content (PIC) with an average of 0.689. the average expected heterozygosity (HE) and heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.804 and 0.270. respectively using unweighted pair arithmetic average (UPGMA) 67 northeast Apricot Germplasm were clustered into 4 groups. 67 Northeast Apricot samples need 12 primers to completely separate. Analysis shows that the subgroup structure of Bayesian model based on the determined 67 northeast Apricot Germplasm groups were divided into 4 subgroups. And significantly correlated with the clustering results based on SSR markers and geographical provenances. The results of the study for the protection of the Northeast Apricot Germplasm Resources and provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of genetic and breeding work, but also provides a reference for further research.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S662.2
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本文編號(hào)：1400791