本文關(guān)鍵詞：日光溫室黃瓜肥水氣一體化施用研究　出處：《河南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 黃瓜 肥水氣一體化 產(chǎn)量 品質(zhì)

【摘要】：本研究以碳酸氫銨為原料,利用CO_2發(fā)生器,加熱后通過磷酸過濾,產(chǎn)生CO_2,并在過濾液中加入鉀肥(N:K=1:1.8)通過灌溉施加到土壤中來對黃瓜進(jìn)行處理。探究出碳酸氫銨和磷酸的最佳用量配比,通過在黃瓜苗期和大田結(jié)果期的施用,探究了肥水氣配合施用在生產(chǎn)中對黃瓜的生理狀況的影響。以期為黃瓜生產(chǎn)中該項(xiàng)技術(shù)的使用提供科學(xué)依據(jù),為精準(zhǔn)化農(nóng)業(yè)研究提供基礎(chǔ)。主要的研究結(jié)果如下:1.在肥水氣一體化處理?xiàng)l件下,運(yùn)用CO_2發(fā)生器,當(dāng)原材料碳酸氫銨和磷酸的摩爾比為1.6:1時(shí),所得溶液pH最適宜黃瓜生長。肥水氣一體化處理植株的株高、干重、鮮重上顯著高于對照組,較對照分別高出26.08%、41.40%、29.66%。同時(shí)還促進(jìn)苗期黃瓜莖的生長,以及提高壯苗指數(shù),但對大田中黃瓜的莖粗沒有明顯提高。2.在晴天日光溫室內(nèi),環(huán)境中CO_2濃度曲線為倒“幾”字型,最低為400μL/L,并維持較長一段時(shí)間,因此,對設(shè)施內(nèi)黃瓜進(jìn)行CO_2的補(bǔ)充很有必要。經(jīng)過處理后,CO_2可維持在800μL/L以上1.5 h。最高可達(dá)1170μL/L符合黃瓜生長對CO_2的需求。3.該項(xiàng)配套施肥技術(shù)可明顯增加黃瓜葉片的葉綠素含量和黃瓜根系活力,對大田中黃瓜的類胡蘿卜素含量沒有顯著影響。同時(shí)還提高了苗期以及結(jié)果期黃瓜的光合速率以及胞間CO_2濃度,促進(jìn)了植物的光合作用,對大田結(jié)果期黃瓜葉片的氣孔導(dǎo)度和蒸騰速率有減弱作用,對苗期黃瓜葉片的氣孔導(dǎo)度沒有明顯的影響,增加了黃瓜的水分利用效率。4.在養(yǎng)分轉(zhuǎn)化過程中,土壤酶起著重要作用,可作為反映土壤肥力狀況以及生物學(xué)性狀的靈敏指標(biāo)。與對照相比,肥水氣一體化技術(shù)處理,對土壤的β-葡糖苷酶、β-纖維二糖苷酶和磷酸酶有顯著促進(jìn)作用,對脲酶沒有顯著影響。5.肥水氣一體化處理顯著提高了葉片中硝酸還原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶的活性,促進(jìn)了光合速率的增加。在果實(shí)品質(zhì)方面,促進(jìn)了果實(shí)中氨基酸和可溶性糖含量的增加,但對蛋白質(zhì)含量沒有顯著影響。同時(shí),增施氮肥后果實(shí)中硝酸鹽含量沒有發(fā)生顯著性變化,這表明肥水氣一體化處理顯著提高了黃瓜果實(shí)的品質(zhì)。肥水氣配合施用還可以顯著提高黃瓜的總產(chǎn)量和單果重,較對照分別高出9.70%、6.81%。單株較對照增產(chǎn)0.16 kg。
[Abstract]:In this study, using ammonium bicarbonate as raw materials, the use of CO_2 generator, heated by phosphoric acid to produce CO_2, filtering, and adding potassium in the filtrate (N:K=1:1.8) applied to the soil through irrigation for treatment on cucumber. Explore the ammonium hydrogen carbonate and phosphoric acid, the optimal ratio, the results of Cucumber at seedling and field period the application, to explore the affect of water fertilizer combined application in the production of cucumber physiological conditions. In order to provide the scientific basis for the use of cucumber production in this technology, and provide the basis for precision agriculture research. The main results are as follows: 1. in fertilizer water integrated treatment conditions, the use of CO_2 generator, molar ratio as raw materials, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and phosphoric acid was 1.6:1, the solution pH was the most suitable growth of cucumber. Fertilizer moisture integrated treatment plant height, dry weight, fresh weight was significantly higher than the control group, compared with the 26. higher respectively. 08%, 41.40%, 29.66%. also promote cucumber seedlings growth of stems, and improve seedling index of Cucumber in the field, but the stem diameter did not significantly improve.2. on sunny days in the greenhouse environment CO_2 concentration curve inverted "" shape, the minimum is 400 L/L, and maintain a longer period of time, therefore, it is necessary to add CO_2 to the facilities of cucumber. After treatment, the CO_2 can be maintained at 800 L/L above 1.5 h. up to 1170 L/L with cucumber growth and demand for CO_2.3. the corresponding fertilization technique can significantly increase cucumber leaf chlorophyll content and root activity of cucumber, cucumber in the field of carotenoids the content has no significant effect. At the same time also increased the seedling period and the photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO_2 concentration, promote plant photosynthesis, the field results of cucumber leaf stomatal conductance and transpiration rate The weakening effect on Seedling of cucumber leaves, stomatal conductance was not significantly affected by increased water use efficiency of cucumber.4. on nutrient transformation, soil enzyme plays an important role, can be used to reflect the soil fertility and biological characters of sensitive index. Compared with the control, fertilizer integration technology on soil moisture treatment, the beta glucosidase, beta glucosidase and fiber two phosphatase had significant promoting effect, no significant effect of integrated treatment of.5. fertilizer significantly increased the moisture in the leaves of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity of urease, promoted the increase of photosynthetic rate. In the fruit quality, promote the increase of amino acids and soluble sugar content of fruit in, but had no significant effect on protein content. At the same time, increase the content of nitrate nitrogen in fruit had no significant change, which indicates that a body of water and fertilizer The quality of cucumber fruit was significantly improved. The combined application of fertilizer and water could significantly increase the total yield and fruit weight of cucumber, which was 9.70% higher than that of the control. The yield of 6.81%. increased by 0.16 kg. compared with the control.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S626;S642.2

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