本文關(guān)鍵詞：華北地區(qū)玉米秸稈可飼化品種篩選及糧飼兼優(yōu)栽培體系構(gòu)建　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 飼用品質(zhì)評(píng)定 玉米秸稈 主成分分析法

【摘要】：本研究首先采用飼料相對(duì)值法(Relative feed value,RFV)、隸屬函數(shù)法(Subordinate function)、主成分分析法(Principal component analysis,PCA)和美國(guó)康奈爾凈碳水化合物蛋白質(zhì)體系(Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system,CNCPS)等四種方法對(duì)不同品種玉米秸稈的飼用品質(zhì)分別評(píng)估,并對(duì)不同評(píng)價(jià)體系之間所用的方法和分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行橫向比較,初步確定主成分分析法在粗略評(píng)估玉米秸稈的飼用價(jià)值時(shí),能兼顧多種影響因素,可操作性強(qiáng),效率相對(duì)更高的一種方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上,用主成分分析法粗略評(píng)估了華北地區(qū)34個(gè)玉米品種的秸稈品質(zhì),并對(duì)不同品種秸稈的飼用品質(zhì)進(jìn)行了排序。此外,為探討華北地區(qū)主推的兩個(gè)國(guó)審玉米品種鄭單958和偉科702“糧飼兼優(yōu)”的最佳栽培模式,分別設(shè)置了不同梯度的種植密度和施肥量,比較了不同栽培模式下籽粒產(chǎn)量、秸稈生物量和秸稈綜合飼用價(jià)值等指標(biāo),分別篩選出了鄭單958和偉科702“糧飼兼優(yōu)”的最佳栽培體系,此結(jié)果可為本地區(qū)玉米種植戶在籽粒相對(duì)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,實(shí)現(xiàn)“糧飼兼優(yōu)”,在提高秸稈飼料化利用效率等方面提供重要技術(shù)支持;同時(shí),也可適度提高農(nóng)業(yè)附產(chǎn)值,有效減緩秸稈焚燒等環(huán)境問題。試驗(yàn)一針對(duì)華北地區(qū)種植的15個(gè)玉米品種,采用飼料相對(duì)值法、隸屬函數(shù)法、主成分分析法和CNCPS法分別對(duì)其秸稈的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)分析。經(jīng)綜合比較分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)四種方法中主成分分析法是相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單但又能較好的粗略評(píng)估玉米秸稈飼用價(jià)值的方法。試驗(yàn)二以華北地區(qū)規(guī)模化推廣種植的34個(gè)玉米品種秸稈為材料,采用概略養(yǎng)分分析法和范氏纖維分析法等測(cè)定其營(yíng)養(yǎng)品質(zhì),采用SPSS軟件對(duì)玉米秸稈的飼用價(jià)值進(jìn)行主成分分析和聚類分析。結(jié)果表明:34個(gè)玉米品種秸稈的飼用價(jià)值存在差異,由高到低依次為:NK718裕豐303隆平206聯(lián)創(chuàng)808鄭黃糯2號(hào)屯玉808蠡玉97秋樂218登海605聯(lián)玉618天泰16華農(nóng)138滑玉14先玉335浚單26漯單6號(hào)豫禾988迪卡667漯單9號(hào)先科338蠡玉35浚單20浚單29陽光98金玉1233蠡玉16陽光99濉玉1691蠡玉86吉祥1號(hào)滑玉12鄭單958偉科702聯(lián)玉58。聚類分析發(fā)現(xiàn),NK718、裕豐303、隆平206為一類;聯(lián)創(chuàng)808、鄭黃糯2號(hào)、屯玉808、蠡玉97為一類;秋樂218、登海605、聯(lián)玉618、天泰16、華農(nóng)138、滑玉14、先玉335為一類;濉玉1691、蠡玉86、吉祥1號(hào)、滑玉12、鄭單958、偉科702為一類;聯(lián)玉58單獨(dú)為一類;浚單26、漯單6號(hào)、豫禾988、迪卡667等13個(gè)品種聚為一大類。綜合主成分分析及聚類分析結(jié)果可知,NK718、裕豐303、隆平206、聯(lián)創(chuàng)808、鄭黃糯2號(hào)、屯玉808和蠡玉97等品種秸稈的飼用品質(zhì)相對(duì)較高,若遵從華北地區(qū)現(xiàn)有的耕作模式和栽培習(xí)慣,而又“糧飼兼顧”,則可優(yōu)先種植這七個(gè)品種,以提高本地區(qū)秸稈的飼料化水平,增加農(nóng)業(yè)附產(chǎn)值。試驗(yàn)三以兩個(gè)國(guó)審玉米品種鄭單958和偉科702為對(duì)象,參考華北地區(qū)現(xiàn)有的栽培模式,分別設(shè)計(jì)并構(gòu)建研究了兩個(gè)品種籽粒高產(chǎn)和秸稈飼用品質(zhì)兼顧的豐產(chǎn)農(nóng)藝技術(shù)體系。試驗(yàn)采用二因素完全隨機(jī)區(qū)組設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)置6萬株/公頃、6.75萬株/公頃、7.5萬株/公頃和8.25萬株/公頃共4個(gè)密度水平和5個(gè)施肥梯度,底肥:0kg/公頃、600kg/公頃、750kg/公頃、900kg/公頃和口肥750kg/公頃,采用主成分分析法,對(duì)不同栽培模式下玉米秸稈的飼用價(jià)值進(jìn)行了評(píng)估,并結(jié)合籽粒產(chǎn)量和秸稈生物量,構(gòu)建并初步驗(yàn)證了鄭單958和偉科702在商丘和焦作等地區(qū)“糧飼兼優(yōu)”的最佳栽培模式。
[Abstract]:This study first uses the relative feed value method (Relative feed value, RFV), the method of membership function (Subordinate function), principal component analysis (Principal component, analysis, PCA) and the Connell net carbohydrate protein system (Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system, CNCPS) and other four kinds of methods on different varieties of maize straw forage quality the evaluation methods and analysis respectively, and the different evaluation system by comparing the results, preliminary determine the feeding value of principal component analysis in rough assessment of corn straw, taking into account a variety of factors, strong operability, a relatively higher efficiency. Based on this method, a rough assessment 34 varieties of Corn Stalk Quality in North China by using principal component analysis, and forage quality of different varieties of straw were sorted. In addition, in order to explore the main push in North China Optimum cultivation model of two national trial corn variety Zhengdan 958 and vyk 702 "grain feed Jianyou, respectively set up plant density and fertilizer quantity of different gradient, compared the grain yield under different cultivation patterns, straw biomass and stalk forage value indexes were screened the optimum cultivation system of Zhengdan 958 and vyk 702" feed Jianyou, this result for corn growers in the region based on the relatively stable grain, the realization of "excellent forage", to provide important technical support to improve the straw feed utilization efficiency; at the same time, can also be appropriate to increase agricultural output value of straw burning, reduce environmental problems. 15 Maize Varieties Planted in North China in a test, the relative feed value method, membership function method, respectively. The nutritional value of the straw were analyzed by principal component analysis method and CNCPS method. Through the comprehensive Comparative analysis found that the four method of principal component analysis method is the value of a rough assessment of corn straw feed relatively simple but good. Two to 34 test varieties of corn straw to promote large-scale planting in North China as materials, the proximate analysis and fan fiber analysis method for determination of its nutritional quality., by principal component analysis and cluster analysis on the feeding value of corn straw by using SPSS software. The results showed that 34 varieties of Maize Straw Forage Value Differences from high to low: 303 NK718 Yufeng Longping 206 LIAN 808 Zheng Huangnuo 2 Tunyu 808 Liyu 97 qiule 218 Denghai 605 Lian Yu No. 16, 618 Huanong 138 Huayu 14 Xianyu 335 Jundan 26 Luodan No. 6 Henan Wo 988 Deckard 667 Luodan No. 9 SAST 338 Liyu 35 Jundan 20 Jundan 29 sun 98 Jinyu 1233 Liyu 16 sun 99 Sui Yu 1691 Liyu 86 auspicious No. 1 Huayu 12 Zhengdan 958 vyk 702 鑱旂帀58.鑱氱被鍒嗘瀽鍙戠幇,NK718,瑁曚赴303,闅嗗鉤206涓轟竴綾，

本文編號(hào)：1370854