本文關(guān)鍵詞：塔河上游流域奶牛無(wú)漿體分子流行病學(xué)調(diào)查與分析　出處：《塔里木大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 無(wú)漿體 奶牛 感染情況 塔里木河上游流域

【摘要】：牛的無(wú)漿體病(Anaplasmosis)是經(jīng)蜱等節(jié)肢動(dòng)物傳播的無(wú)漿體引起牛發(fā)熱、消瘦、黃疸等臨床癥狀的疾病。該病呈全球性分布,被世界動(dòng)物衛(wèi)生組織(OIE)列為動(dòng)物檢疫的主要疫病之一。我國(guó)大部分地區(qū)均有流行,特別是在蜱蟲流行嚴(yán)重的牧區(qū),牲畜發(fā)病率高,造成重大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)奶牛無(wú)漿體病的流行情況及其病原遺傳特征進(jìn)行了較多研究,但有關(guān)塔里木河上游流域奶牛無(wú)漿體病感染情況和病原種類的報(bào)道尚較少。本研究旨在掌握該區(qū)域奶牛的無(wú)漿體病流行情況,鑒定病原種類,解析其分子遺傳特征,以期為養(yǎng)牛業(yè)中無(wú)漿體病的診斷和防治提供基礎(chǔ)資料和防控依據(jù)。為掌握塔里木河上游流域奶牛感染的無(wú)漿體種類,采用PCR檢測(cè)方法,對(duì)該區(qū)域17個(gè)地區(qū)488份奶牛血液樣品進(jìn)行了檢查。結(jié)果顯示,無(wú)漿體總感染率為3.5%(17/488),牛無(wú)漿體、嗜吞噬細(xì)胞無(wú)漿體、邊緣無(wú)漿體感染率分別為2.6%(13/488)、2.9%(14/488)和0.4%(2/488),牛無(wú)漿體和嗜吞噬細(xì)胞無(wú)漿體混合感染率為2.5%(12/488)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,塔里木河上游流域奶牛無(wú)漿體感染率較低。為研究塔里木河上游流域奶牛源無(wú)漿體的分子遺傳特征,將PCR檢測(cè)結(jié)果為陽(yáng)性的樣本均送測(cè)序,13份牛無(wú)漿體PCR陽(yáng)性樣本測(cè)序全部成功,14份嗜吞噬細(xì)胞無(wú)漿體PCR陽(yáng)性樣本中有13份測(cè)序成功,而2份邊緣無(wú)漿體樣本序列測(cè)序未成功。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在牛無(wú)漿體16S rRNA基因位點(diǎn),13條序列中僅有1條為牛無(wú)漿體,與來(lái)自中國(guó)河南省的牛源牛無(wú)漿體(GenBank序列登錄號(hào)為KX450273)同源性100%,12條為扁平無(wú)漿體,與來(lái)自中國(guó)的梅花鹿源的扁平無(wú)漿體(KJ659044)同源性100%;在噬吞噬細(xì)胞無(wú)漿體16S rRNA基因位點(diǎn),13條序列中有1條與來(lái)自的新疆的綿羊源噬吞噬細(xì)胞無(wú)漿體(KJ782381)同源性100%,11條與來(lái)自的新疆的牛源噬吞噬細(xì)胞無(wú)漿體(KJ782390)同源性100%,還有1條序列與甘肅雙峰駝源無(wú)漿體未定種(KU554739)同源性99.9%,僅有1個(gè)堿基差異。研究結(jié)果表明,塔里木河上游流域奶牛源無(wú)漿體存在遺傳多樣性分布特征,其中噬吞噬細(xì)胞無(wú)漿體和扁平無(wú)漿體均為人獸共患種類,提示存在人獸共患風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本研究應(yīng)用PCR法對(duì)塔里木河上游流域奶牛血液樣品進(jìn)行了無(wú)漿體檢測(cè),結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)該區(qū)域奶牛無(wú)漿體感染率較低,存在遺傳多樣性分布特征,噬吞噬細(xì)胞無(wú)漿體和扁平無(wú)漿體為優(yōu)勢(shì)感染種類,存在人獸共患風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本研究為無(wú)漿體病的傳播、診斷和防治等方面提供了參考依據(jù),對(duì)進(jìn)一步深入開展無(wú)漿體病的監(jiān)測(cè)、免疫學(xué)和公共衛(wèi)生研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Bovine plasma disease (Anaplasmosis) is a disease of clinical symptoms such as fever, emaciation and jaundice caused by a tick and other arthropods that are transmitted by the arthropod. The disease is distributed globally and is listed as one of the main epidemic diseases of animal quarantine in the World Animal Health Organization (OIE). Most areas of China are popular, especially in the severe pastoral areas of ticks. The incidence of livestock is high, causing significant economic losses. There are many studies on the prevalence and genetic characteristics of bovine non plasma disease in China and abroad. However, there are few reports about the infection and pathogen types of dairy cows with no body disease in the upper reaches of Tarim River. The purpose of this study is to understand the prevalence of no plasma disease in dairy cattle in this area, identify pathogenic species, and analyze its molecular genetic characteristics, so as to provide basic information and prevention and control basis for the diagnosis and control of no paste disease in cattle industry. In order to master the types of milk paste infected by cows in the upper reaches of Tarim River, 488 blood samples from cows in 17 regions of the region were examined by PCR. The results showed that no plasma total infection rate was 3.5% (17/488), bovine Anaplasma phagocytophilum, cell edge paste, Anaplasma infection rates were 2.6% (13/488), 2.9% (14/488) and 0.4% (2/488), bovine anaplasmamarginale and Anaplasma phagocytophilum mixed infection rate 2.5% (12 /488). The experimental results show that the infection rate of milk cow in the upper reaches of the Tarim River is low. The molecular genetic characteristics of the upper reaches of the Tarim River Basin of cow source without slurry, the detection results of PCR positive samples were sequenced, 13 samples of bovine anaplasmamarginale PCR positive samples sequenced all successful 14 copies of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in 13 PCR positive samples successfully sequenced, and 2 non edge the slurry sample sequence without success. The results showed that in bovine anaplasmamarginale 16S rRNA loci, 13 sequences only 1 bovine Anaplasma marginale, and from Henan province Chinese cattle cattle (GenBank accession number KX450273) homology 100%, 12 flat anaplasmamarginale, flat and sika deer from the Chinese anaplasmamarginale (KJ659044) 100% homology; in the 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasma macrophage phagocytic cells, 13 sequences in 1 with Anaplasma from Xinjiang sheep macrophage phagocytic cell source (KJ782381) 100% homology, 11 with Anaplasma from Xinjiang cattle macrophage phagocytic cells (KJ782390) 100% homology, and 1 sequences and the source of Gansu Bactrian camel anaplasmamarginale undetermined species (KU554739) homology 99.9%, only 1 base difference. The results showed that there were genetic diversity characteristics of milk paste in the upper reaches of Tarim River, including phagocytosis, phagocytosis and flat non paste, suggesting a risk of zoonosis. The research and application of PCR method to the upper reaches of the Tarim River Basin of cow's blood samples of anaplasmamarginale detection, it is found that the regional dairy Anaplasma infection rate is low, there is diversity in distribution of genetic, macrophage phagocytic cells of Anaplasma marginale and flat for the advantage of the infections, there are zoonotic risk. This study provides a reference for the transmission, diagnosis and prevention of no paste disease, and lays the foundation for further research on monitoring, immunology and public health of no paste disease.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：塔里木大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S858.23

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