本文關(guān)鍵詞：草菇（Volvariella volvacea）YL-93液體菌種及熟料栽培研究　出處：《沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 草菇 液體菌種 秸稈 熟料栽培

【摘要】：草菇(Volvariella volvacea)起源于中國(guó),是食用菌家族中重要的成員,有中國(guó)蘑菇之稱,深受百姓喜愛。作為高溫型菌類,草菇主要在夏季種植。目前草菇生產(chǎn)主要運(yùn)用固體接種發(fā)酵料栽培的方法,開放式發(fā)酵質(zhì)量難以控制,生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定性較差,同時(shí)固體菌種存在菌齡不一致等缺點(diǎn),這些都是導(dǎo)致其產(chǎn)量較低的原因,因此改進(jìn)草菇栽培技術(shù)尤為重要。本試驗(yàn)從原料配方和栽培方式等環(huán)節(jié)入手,對(duì)草菇液體菌種培養(yǎng)基及培養(yǎng)條件進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,嘗試用液體菌種代替固體菌種,用熟料栽培代替發(fā)酵料栽培。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)通過(guò)ITS分子測(cè)序并結(jié)合菌絲形態(tài)特征,鑒定菌株YL-93為草菇(Volvariella volvacea)。(2)根據(jù)菌絲生長(zhǎng)情況為指標(biāo),篩選出YL-93菌株最佳母種培養(yǎng)基的配方為P5:去皮馬鈴薯200g/L,麩皮50g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,瓊脂粉20g/L,pH 7.5。篩選出最佳YL-93菌株的固體原種培養(yǎng)基配方為麥粒98%,硫酸鈣2%。(3)通過(guò)單因素試驗(yàn)和正交試驗(yàn),確定YL-93菌株的液體菌種培養(yǎng)基最佳配方為:葡萄糖 15g/L,酵母浸粉 6g/L,MgSO4·7H20 1.5g/L,KH2PO40.5g/L。對(duì) YL-93 菌株液體菌種培養(yǎng)條件進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,最佳條件為接種量為5%(v/v),初始pH為7～7.5,250mL三角瓶裝液量為75～100mL,30℃避光振蕩培養(yǎng)60h。有效菌絲球數(shù)量可達(dá)45個(gè)/mL,菌絲干重達(dá)到5mg/mL。(4)在熟料栽培草菇試驗(yàn)中,相同條件下,液體接種菌絲長(zhǎng)滿菌袋的時(shí)間約為9天,而固體接種所需為15天;液體接種原基形成時(shí)間約為12天,而固體接種所需為19天;與固體接種相比,液體接種產(chǎn)量提高近28.6%。(5)對(duì)玉米秸稈和稻草的不同配比進(jìn)行熟料栽培YL-93菌株試驗(yàn),以草菇鮮重為指標(biāo),確定最佳原料配比為粉碎玉米秸稈44%,粉碎稻草44%,麥麩10%,CaSO4 2%;采用響應(yīng)面法確定熟料栽培草菇最佳條件為,用質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為3.2%的氫氧化鈣浸泡原材料24小時(shí),栽培料含水量為71.3%,液體菌種接種量為4.8%,在此條件下草菇理論產(chǎn)量為22.47g/袋;經(jīng)過(guò)批量驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),所得草菇平均產(chǎn)量為21.85g/袋。
[Abstract]:Mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) originated in China, is an important member of the family of edible fungus, mushrooms Chinese have known, loved by the people. As the high temperature fungus, mainly in summer planting mushroom. The method of straw mushroom production mainly uses solid inoculation fermentation of culture, it is difficult to control the quality of open type fermentation production, poor stability, and solid strain age inconsistent shortcomings exist, these are the causes of low yield, so the improvement of mushroom cultivation technology is particularly important. This experiment from the link of raw material formula and cultivation methods of optimized culture medium and culture conditions on mushroom liquid spawn, try to use liquid spawn instead of solid strain, using clinker cultivation instead of fermentation cultivation. The main results are as follows: (1) by ITS molecular sequencing combined with morphological characteristics, strain YL-93 was identified as mushroom (Volvariella volvacea). (2) according to the growth condition of mycelia, the best medium of YL-93 was screened out, the formula was P5: peel potato 200g/L, wheat bran 50g/L, glucose 20g/L, agar powder 20g/L, pH 7.5. The optimum medium for the screening of the best YL-93 strain was 98% of wheat grain and 2% of calcium sulphate. (3) through single factor test and orthogonal test, the best formula of liquid culture medium for YL-93 strain was determined as follows: glucose 15g/L, yeast extract powder 6g/L, MgSO4, 7H20 1.5g/L, KH2PO40.5g/L. The culture conditions of YL-93 strain liquid strain were optimized. The best condition was inoculation quantity 5% (v/v), initial pH 7 ~ 7.5250mL, triangle bottled liquid volume 75 ~ 100mL, 30 degree light avoiding oscillation and culture 60H. Effective pellet number can reach 45 /mL, the dry weight of mycelium reached 5mg/mL. (4) in the clinker mushroom cultivation experiment, under the same condition, the liquid inoculation was covered with mycelia jundai time is about 9 days, while the solid vaccinations required for 15 days; the liquid inoculation primordium formation time is about 12 days, while the solid vaccinations required for 19 days; compared with solid inoculation, inoculation liquid yield increased nearly 28.6%. (5) with different proportions of corn straw and straw of clinker cultivation YL-93 strain test, the mushroom fresh weight index, the best ratio of raw materials for grinding corn straw 44%, crushed straw 44%, wheat bran 10%, CaSO4 2%; the clinker mushroom cultivation optimum condition for the response surface method, with the mass fraction of calcium hydroxide soaking the raw materials of the 3.2% 24 hours of cultivation material moisture content is 71.3%, the liquid spawn inoculation was 4.8% and the yield of mushroom theory under this condition is 22.47g/ bag; through the batch test, the average yield of the straw mushroom 21.85g/ bag.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S646.13

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本文編號(hào)：1338749