基于光子學(xué)的寬帶信號獲取研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-02 15:48
【摘要】：寬帶信號的獲取成了現(xiàn)代雷達(dá),射電天文學(xué),電子對抗以及另外一些先進(jìn)的通信系統(tǒng)必不可少的技術(shù)。傳統(tǒng)基于電器件的信號獲取具有帶寬小,功率損耗大以及易受電磁干擾等缺點(diǎn)。光子學(xué)技術(shù)由于具有帶寬大、重量輕、損耗低以及抗電磁干擾等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn),成為未來寬帶信號獲取的一個重要發(fā)展方向。目前,基于光子學(xué)寬帶信號獲取的兩種重要技術(shù)是光子模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換技術(shù)和光子壓縮感知技術(shù)。本論文中,我們以提高信號獲取的性能為目的,包括精度更高,帶寬更大,提出多種基于光子模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換和光子壓縮感知的寬帶信號獲取方案。論文首先介紹了微波光子學(xué)的研究背景、主要應(yīng)用方向和重要器件。然后針對光子學(xué)技術(shù)在寬帶信號獲取中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了研究,介紹了基于光子模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換和光子壓縮感知的寬帶信號獲取以及與相應(yīng)的電技術(shù)相比存在的優(yōu)勢。針對現(xiàn)有技術(shù)存在的問題,提出了一些創(chuàng)新的結(jié)構(gòu)和方案,通過仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。論文的主要創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)和學(xué)術(shù)貢獻(xiàn)如下：1.通過分析光子模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換經(jīng)典模型(Taylor方案)存在的限制,提出了一種基于差分編碼的光子模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換方案,并通過數(shù)值仿真對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。方案中利用了一個相位調(diào)制器(PM)和一個干涉儀并結(jié)合波分復(fù)用技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)了輸入信號差分形式的編碼,克服Taylor方案中調(diào)制器電極長度成倍增長的問題,從而提高了系統(tǒng)的可行性。另外,差分編碼的實(shí)現(xiàn)提高了系統(tǒng)的等效量化等級。為了進(jìn)一步提高系統(tǒng)的性能,我們利用雙驅(qū)動的非平衡調(diào)制器代替PM和干涉儀,不僅可以減少系統(tǒng)的體積,降低系統(tǒng)的損耗,也有利用系統(tǒng)的集成。2.在深入研究對稱數(shù)字系統(tǒng)(symmetrical number system, SNS)的編碼特性以及SNS在模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換中的應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了改進(jìn)的基于SNS的光子模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換方案。方案中利用等半波電壓的干涉儀以及多個電比較器,并通過設(shè)計干涉儀之間的相移,實(shí)現(xiàn)了具有格雷碼性質(zhì)的SNS編碼,從而大大提高了系統(tǒng)的糾錯能力。為了消除光源幅度抖動的影響,提出將平衡檢測技術(shù)應(yīng)用到系統(tǒng)中,從而提高了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。3.在充分理解壓縮感知基本原理的基礎(chǔ)上,用理論研究和數(shù)值仿真的方法詳細(xì)分析了基于光子壓縮感知的寬帶信號獲取。介紹了基于空間光調(diào)制器(SLM)和電光調(diào)制器(EOM)的光子壓縮感知方案,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的可行性以及存在的問題。提出基于平衡馬赫增德爾調(diào)制器(MZM)結(jié)構(gòu)的隨機(jī)調(diào)制方式,簡化了壓縮感知系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)了零均值的隨機(jī)觀測矩陣,提高了系統(tǒng)的性能。4.針對壓縮感知系統(tǒng)中,隨機(jī)序列的速率需達(dá)到輸入信號帶寬兩倍的限制,提出基于光時域拉伸技術(shù)的壓縮感知方案。光時域拉伸技術(shù)充分利用色散導(dǎo)致的群延時對加載在啁啾光信號上的射頻信號進(jìn)行拉伸處理。將其與壓縮感知技術(shù)相結(jié)合不僅可以降低輸入信號的速率,從而降低系統(tǒng)對隨機(jī)序列速率的要求,而且可以進(jìn)一步降低系統(tǒng)的采樣速率。為了消除光強(qiáng)度調(diào)制和直接檢測引入的直流,進(jìn)一步提出基于平衡結(jié)構(gòu)的光時域拉伸子系統(tǒng),提高了信號獲取的信噪比。5.提出三種基于微波光子濾波的壓縮感知方案,在光域中實(shí)現(xiàn)壓縮感知中的低通濾波或累加過程。方案一利用多波長的非相干光源和色散介質(zhì),在群速度色散的作用下實(shí)現(xiàn)了隨機(jī)調(diào)制信號相鄰比特位之間的累加。方案二利用單波長的連續(xù)光源和色散介質(zhì),實(shí)現(xiàn)了隨機(jī)調(diào)制信號的低通濾波,簡化了系統(tǒng)。方案三利用集成芯片的技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于光頻率梳妝的多抽頭微波光子濾波器,增加了濾波響應(yīng)的旁瓣抑制比,減少了信號恢復(fù)的誤差,有利于系統(tǒng)向集成化的方向發(fā)展。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值仿真驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)寬帶稀疏信號獲取的性能。
[Abstract]:The acquisition of broadband signals is an essential technology for modern radar, radio astronomy, electronic warfare, and other advanced communication systems. The traditional electric appliance-based signal acquisition has the disadvantages of small bandwidth, large power loss and susceptibility to electromagnetic interference, and the like. The photonics technology has the advantages of large bandwidth, light weight, low loss and anti-electromagnetic interference, and becomes an important development direction of the future broadband signal acquisition. At present, two important technologies based on photonic broadband signal acquisition are photonic analog-to-digital conversion technology and photon compression sensing technology. In this paper, we aim to improve the performance of signal acquisition, including higher precision and larger bandwidth, and propose a wide variety of wideband signal acquisition schemes based on photon analog-to-digital conversion and photon-compression sensing. The paper first introduces the research background, main application direction and important device of microwave photonics. The application of the photon-based analog-to-digital conversion and the photon-compression-sensing based broadband signal acquisition and its advantages over the corresponding electric technology are introduced. Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, some innovative structures and schemes are put forward, and the system is verified by simulation and experiment. The main innovation points and academic contributions of the paper are as follows:1. By analyzing the limitation of the classical model of the photon analog-to-digital conversion (Taylor's scheme), a photonic analog-to-digital conversion scheme based on differential coding is proposed, and the system is validated by numerical simulation. In the scheme, a phase modulator (PM) and an interferometer are used, and the code of the input signal differential form is realized by combining the wavelength division multiplexing technology, so that the problem that the length of the modulator electrode in the Taylor scheme is doubled is overcome, and the feasibility of the system is improved. In addition, the implementation of differential coding improves the equivalent quantization level of the system. In order to further improve the performance of the system, we use the dual-drive, non-balanced modulator instead of the PM and the interferometer, not only to reduce the volume of the system, to reduce the loss of the system, but also to utilize the integration of the system. On the basis of in-depth study of the coding characteristics of the symphonic digital system (SNS) and the application of the SNS in the analog-to-digital conversion, an improved SNS-based photonic analog-to-digital conversion scheme is proposed. An interferometer with equal half-wave voltage and a plurality of electric comparators are used in the scheme, and the SNS coding with the Gray code property is realized by designing the phase shift between the interferometers, thereby greatly improving the error correction capability of the system. In order to eliminate the influence of the amplitude of the light source, it is proposed to apply the balance detection technique to the system, thus the stability of the system is improved. On the basis of fully understanding the basic principle of the compression perception, the method of theoretical research and numerical simulation is used to analyze the broadband signal acquisition based on the photon-compression perception. The photon compression sensing scheme based on spatial light modulator (SLM) and electro-optical modulator (EOM) is introduced, and the feasibility and problems of the system are verified by experiments. The random modulation method based on the structure of the balanced Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) is proposed, the mathematical model of the compression-sensing system is simplified, and the random observation matrix with zero mean value is realized, and the performance of the system is improved. In the compression-aware system, the rate of the random sequence needs to reach the limit of twice the bandwidth of the input signal, and a compression-sensing scheme based on the optical time-domain stretching technology is proposed. The optical time-domain stretching technology makes full use of the group delay caused by dispersion to stretch the radio-frequency signal loaded on the optical signal. The combination with the compression-sensing technology can not only reduce the rate of the input signal, but also reduce the requirement of the system to the random sequence rate, but also can further reduce the sampling rate of the system. In order to eliminate the direct current of light intensity modulation and direct detection, an optical time-domain stretching subsystem based on the balanced structure is proposed, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal acquisition is improved. In this paper, three compression-sensing schemes based on microwave-photon filtering are proposed, and the low-pass filtering or accumulation process in the compression perception is realized in the optical domain. In the scheme, a multi-wavelength non-coherent light source and a dispersion medium are utilized, and the accumulation between adjacent bit positions of the random modulation signal is realized under the effect of group velocity dispersion. In the scheme, a single-wavelength continuous light source and a dispersion medium are utilized to realize low-pass filtering of the random modulation signal and simplify the system. According to the scheme, the multi-tap microwave photon filter based on the optical frequency comb-up is realized by the technology of the integrated chip, the sidelobe suppression ratio of the filter response is increased, the error of the signal recovery is reduced, and the system is beneficial to the development of the system in the integrated direction. The performance of wide-band sparse signal acquisition is verified by experiment and numerical simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN911.7
[Abstract]:The acquisition of broadband signals is an essential technology for modern radar, radio astronomy, electronic warfare, and other advanced communication systems. The traditional electric appliance-based signal acquisition has the disadvantages of small bandwidth, large power loss and susceptibility to electromagnetic interference, and the like. The photonics technology has the advantages of large bandwidth, light weight, low loss and anti-electromagnetic interference, and becomes an important development direction of the future broadband signal acquisition. At present, two important technologies based on photonic broadband signal acquisition are photonic analog-to-digital conversion technology and photon compression sensing technology. In this paper, we aim to improve the performance of signal acquisition, including higher precision and larger bandwidth, and propose a wide variety of wideband signal acquisition schemes based on photon analog-to-digital conversion and photon-compression sensing. The paper first introduces the research background, main application direction and important device of microwave photonics. The application of the photon-based analog-to-digital conversion and the photon-compression-sensing based broadband signal acquisition and its advantages over the corresponding electric technology are introduced. Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, some innovative structures and schemes are put forward, and the system is verified by simulation and experiment. The main innovation points and academic contributions of the paper are as follows:1. By analyzing the limitation of the classical model of the photon analog-to-digital conversion (Taylor's scheme), a photonic analog-to-digital conversion scheme based on differential coding is proposed, and the system is validated by numerical simulation. In the scheme, a phase modulator (PM) and an interferometer are used, and the code of the input signal differential form is realized by combining the wavelength division multiplexing technology, so that the problem that the length of the modulator electrode in the Taylor scheme is doubled is overcome, and the feasibility of the system is improved. In addition, the implementation of differential coding improves the equivalent quantization level of the system. In order to further improve the performance of the system, we use the dual-drive, non-balanced modulator instead of the PM and the interferometer, not only to reduce the volume of the system, to reduce the loss of the system, but also to utilize the integration of the system. On the basis of in-depth study of the coding characteristics of the symphonic digital system (SNS) and the application of the SNS in the analog-to-digital conversion, an improved SNS-based photonic analog-to-digital conversion scheme is proposed. An interferometer with equal half-wave voltage and a plurality of electric comparators are used in the scheme, and the SNS coding with the Gray code property is realized by designing the phase shift between the interferometers, thereby greatly improving the error correction capability of the system. In order to eliminate the influence of the amplitude of the light source, it is proposed to apply the balance detection technique to the system, thus the stability of the system is improved. On the basis of fully understanding the basic principle of the compression perception, the method of theoretical research and numerical simulation is used to analyze the broadband signal acquisition based on the photon-compression perception. The photon compression sensing scheme based on spatial light modulator (SLM) and electro-optical modulator (EOM) is introduced, and the feasibility and problems of the system are verified by experiments. The random modulation method based on the structure of the balanced Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) is proposed, the mathematical model of the compression-sensing system is simplified, and the random observation matrix with zero mean value is realized, and the performance of the system is improved. In the compression-aware system, the rate of the random sequence needs to reach the limit of twice the bandwidth of the input signal, and a compression-sensing scheme based on the optical time-domain stretching technology is proposed. The optical time-domain stretching technology makes full use of the group delay caused by dispersion to stretch the radio-frequency signal loaded on the optical signal. The combination with the compression-sensing technology can not only reduce the rate of the input signal, but also reduce the requirement of the system to the random sequence rate, but also can further reduce the sampling rate of the system. In order to eliminate the direct current of light intensity modulation and direct detection, an optical time-domain stretching subsystem based on the balanced structure is proposed, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal acquisition is improved. In this paper, three compression-sensing schemes based on microwave-photon filtering are proposed, and the low-pass filtering or accumulation process in the compression perception is realized in the optical domain. In the scheme, a multi-wavelength non-coherent light source and a dispersion medium are utilized, and the accumulation between adjacent bit positions of the random modulation signal is realized under the effect of group velocity dispersion. In the scheme, a single-wavelength continuous light source and a dispersion medium are utilized to realize low-pass filtering of the random modulation signal and simplify the system. According to the scheme, the multi-tap microwave photon filter based on the optical frequency comb-up is realized by the technology of the integrated chip, the sidelobe suppression ratio of the filter response is increased, the error of the signal recovery is reduced, and the system is beneficial to the development of the system in the integrated direction. The performance of wide-band sparse signal acquisition is verified by experiment and numerical simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN911.7
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