本文選題：X射線導航通信一體化 + X射線通信��； 參考：《西安電子科技大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著空間探測的持續(xù)發(fā)展和深入,深空探測任務正從以前的短期、粗略探測轉(zhuǎn)向以長時間、高分辨率、自主性強、多平臺合作為特點的探測,這無疑對未來深空導航和通信提出了更高的要求。在資源稀缺的深空環(huán)境下,為應對深空探測對導航和通信持續(xù)增長的需求,導航通信一體化成為一種趨勢。X射線脈沖星導航(X-ray Pulsar-based NAVigation, XPNAV)和X射線通信(X-ray Communication, XCOM)是新興的深空導航和通信方法,兩種技術(shù)均顯示了巨大的發(fā)展?jié)摿�。XCOM和XPNAV在信號、探測設備及功能等多個方面存在著相似性和緊密聯(lián)系,為兩種技術(shù)的融合提供了可能,即X射線導航通信一體化。X射線導航通信一體化以XCOM和XPNAV為基礎(chǔ),通過兩種技術(shù)及其相關(guān)衍生技術(shù)的融合、互補和增強,在資源和技術(shù)稀缺的深空條件下為深空探測提供高性能的導航和通信服務。X射線導航通信一體化是導航通信一體化的重要組成部分和發(fā)展方向,它為應對快速增長的深空導航和通信需求提供了一種潛在的解決方案。本文以X射線導航通信一體化的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)為出發(fā)點,圍繞XCOM和XPNAV的相關(guān)衍生技術(shù)及技術(shù)間的功能聯(lián)系和互補展開研究和論述,主要內(nèi)容包括：1.距離是深空導航的基本要素之一,精確的距離信息能夠作為輔助觀測量用于提高XPNAV的性能。為此,提出了基于XCOM的X射線圓偏振測距方法。所提方法以XCOM的原理為基礎(chǔ),采用圓偏振調(diào)制方法對X射線信號進行調(diào)制,利用圓偏振狀態(tài)傳輸測距信息實現(xiàn)深空遠距離測距。論文首先利用Strokes矢量表示圓偏振狀態(tài)對測距信號進行建模,并基于建立的信號模型對所提X射線距方法的信號處理流程進行了詳細分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,理論和仿真分析了多普勒效應、信號差分檢測誤差及信號相關(guān)誤差等因素對所提測距方法性能的影響,仿真實驗結(jié)果表明所提方法能夠獲得高精度的距離測量結(jié)果。2.深空探測任務遠離地球,且其所處空間環(huán)境復雜多變,導致深空鏈路的可用性較低。為在鏈路可用性有限的條件下提高其利用效率,提出了基于XCOM的X射線通信測距一體化方法。所提方法以XCOM的通信功能為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合X射線測距技術(shù),在同一鏈路中同時實現(xiàn)基于X射線的遠距離通信和測距功能。該方法不僅提高了鏈路效率,更重要的是其體現(xiàn)的技術(shù)融合的思想為X射線導航通信一體化的實現(xiàn)提供了參考。論文設計了X射線通信測距一體化方法的信號結(jié)構(gòu),并詳細分析了其信號處理流程。此外,還提出了評估X射線通信測距一體化性能的相關(guān)參數(shù),包括數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率、通信誤碼率、測距誤差及抖動等,并進行了理論和仿真分析。仿真實驗結(jié)果驗證了所提方法的可行性,另外,仿真結(jié)果還表明,所提方法的性能,如信號捕獲性能、誤碼率、測距抖動等,主要受一體化信號的信噪比影響。3. XPNAV是利用脈沖星輻射的周期性脈沖信號實現(xiàn)自主導航的新型天文導航方法,是X射線導航通信一體化的重要組成部分。目前,受多種因素影響,XPNAV的定位精度難以進一步提高,限制了其后續(xù)的發(fā)展和應用。為此,提出了利用XCOM輔助增強XPNAV的方法,該方法利用XCOM的衍生技術(shù)——X射線測距提供的高精度距離測量信息作為XPNAV的輔助觀測量,結(jié)合XPNAV的脈沖星計時觀測,實現(xiàn)對航天器位置和速度的估計。論文構(gòu)造了脈沖星計時觀測和X射線測距的觀測模型,結(jié)合航天器軌道動力學模型,利用Kalman濾波實現(xiàn)對航天器狀態(tài)的估計。在此基礎(chǔ)上,利用仿真實驗對脈沖星觀測時間、測距信號信噪比及航天器運動軌道等多種因素對所提增強算法性能的影響進行了分析。仿真實驗結(jié)果表明,相比于傳統(tǒng)的XPNAV方法,基于XCOM的XPNAV增強算法能夠有效提高XPNAV的定位精度。4.時間是深空探測中的基礎(chǔ)性參數(shù),是深空導航和通信的生命線。為了為X射線導航通信一體化提供精確的時間服務,提出了利用脈沖星計時觀測實現(xiàn)深空自主守時的方法,該方法的原理來源于XPNAV,通過對脈沖星輻射信號的計時觀測修正時鐘誤差,實現(xiàn)自主守時。論文首先采用有色噪聲模型對脈沖星計時觀測的計時噪聲進行建模,構(gòu)造了計時觀測模型�；谟嫊r觀測模型和時鐘演化模型,采用Kalman濾波方法估計時鐘狀態(tài)。最后,利用仿真實驗分析了所提守時方法的性能及脈沖星觀測時間、脈沖星觀測目標的選擇等因素對所提守時方法的影響。仿真實驗結(jié)果驗證了所提守時方法的有效性,表明所提方法能有效修正時鐘誤差,實現(xiàn)深空條件下的自主守時。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and deepening of space exploration, the deep space detection task is shifting from the previous short-term, rough detection to the long time, high resolution, strong autonomy, multi platform cooperation as the characteristics of the detection. This is undoubtedly a higher requirement for the future deep space navigation and communication. Navigation and communication continues to grow in demand, navigation and communication integration becomes a trend.X ray pulsar navigation (X-ray Pulsar-based NAVigation, XPNAV) and X ray communication (X-ray Communication, XCOM) is a new deep space navigation and communication method. The two technologies all show great potential for development of.XCOM and XPNAV in signal, detection equipment The integration of the two technologies is possible. The integration of X ray navigation and communication integrated.X ray navigation communication is based on XCOM and XPNAV, and through the fusion of two technologies and related derivative technologies, complementation and enhancement, and deep space under the scarcity of resources and technology. The integration of.X ray navigation and communication with high performance navigation and communication service is an important part and development direction of the integration of navigation and communication. It provides a potential solution to the rapid growth of deep space navigation and communication needs. This paper is based on the key technology of integrated X ray navigation and communication. The function connection and complementarity between XCOM and XPNAV are studied and discussed. The main contents include: 1. distance is one of the basic elements of deep space navigation. Accurate distance information can be used as auxiliary observation to improve the performance of XPNAV. Therefore, a circular polarization distance measurement method based on X ray based on XCOM is proposed. Method based on the principle of XCOM, a circular polarization modulation method is used to modulate the X ray signal and transmit distance information in a circular polarization state to realize deep space distance distance measurement. Firstly, the paper uses the Strokes vector to represent the circular polarization state to model the range signal, and based on the built signal model, the signal of the proposed X ray distance method is used. The processing flow is analyzed in detail. On this basis, the effects of Doppler effect, signal difference detection error and signal correlation error on the performance of the proposed range finding method are analyzed theoretically and simulated. The simulation results show that the proposed method can obtain high precision distance measurement results from the.2. deep space detection task far away from the earth, and it also shows that the proposed method is far away from the earth. The space environment is complex and changeable, which leads to the low availability of the deep space link. In order to improve its utilization efficiency under the limited link availability, a method of integrating X ray communication based on XCOM is proposed. The proposed method, based on the communication function of XCOM, combines with the X ray distance measurement technology, and realizes the X ray in the same link simultaneously. This method not only improves the link efficiency, but also provides a reference for the integration of X ray navigation and communication. The paper designs the signal structure of the integration method of X ray communication distance measurement, and analyses the signal processing flow in detail. In addition, the paper also proposes the process of signal processing. The relevant parameters of the integrated performance of X ray communication ranging are evaluated, including data transmission rate, communication error rate, ranging error and jitter, and the theoretical and simulation analysis are carried out. The simulation results verify the feasibility of the proposed method. In addition, the simulation results show that the performance of the proposed method, such as signal acquisition performance, bit error rate and distance measurement, is also shown. Jitter and so on, mainly influenced by the signal to noise ratio of the integrated signal,.3. XPNAV is a new method of autonomous navigation using the periodic pulse signal from the pulsar radiation. It is an important part of the integration of X ray navigation communication. At present, the positioning accuracy of XPNAV is difficult to be further improved by many factors, and the follow-up is limited. For this reason, a method of using XCOM to assist in enhancing XPNAV is proposed. The method uses the derivative technology of XCOM, the high precision distance measurement information provided by the X ray distance measurement as the auxiliary observation of XPNAV, and the estimation of the position and speed of the spacecraft with the timing observation of the pulsar of XPNAV. The observation model of time observation and X ray distance measurement, combined with the orbit dynamics model of the spacecraft, uses the Kalman filter to estimate the state of the spacecraft. On this basis, the effects of many factors such as the pulsars observation time, the signal to noise ratio of the ranging signal and the motion orbit of the spacecraft on the performance of the enhanced algorithm are divided on this basis. The simulation results show that, compared with the traditional XPNAV method, the XPNAV enhancement algorithm based on XCOM can effectively improve the positioning accuracy of XPNAV,.4. time is the basic parameter in deep space detection, and it is the lifeline of deep space navigation and communication. In order to provide accurate time service for the integration of X ray navigation communication, the use of pulsars is proposed. The method of time observation to realize the autonomous punctuality of deep space is realized. The principle of this method comes from XPNAV. By correcting the clock error by the time observation of the pulsar radiation signal, the time observation of the time observation of pulsars is modeled by the colored noise model, and the time observation model is constructed. The model and clock evolution model are used to estimate the clock state by Kalman filtering method. Finally, the simulation experiment is used to analyze the performance of the punctual method and the time of pulsar observation and the influence of the selection of the pulsar observation target on the proposed punctuality method. The simulation results verify the validity of the proposed method and show the proposed side. This method can effectively correct clock error and achieve autonomous time keeping under deep space conditions.

【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN927

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