本文選題：梯度折射率器件　切入點(diǎn)：波束掃描陣列　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：波束掃描陣列可以實(shí)現(xiàn)電磁波的高增益輻射和掃描,但在應(yīng)用時(shí)存在掃描范圍有限,系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題。梯度折射率器件可以實(shí)現(xiàn)電磁波傳播方向的調(diào)控,將其應(yīng)用于波束掃描,具有傳統(tǒng)波束掃描陣列所不具備的優(yōu)勢(shì)。變換光學(xué)和超材料(Metamaterial)分別從理論和實(shí)現(xiàn)方法上為設(shè)計(jì)新型梯度折射率器件提供了有力工具。如何設(shè)計(jì)具有波束掃描潛力的新型梯度折射率器件,進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)掃描范圍廣、結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單的波束掃描陣列,是目前電磁場(chǎng)和微波毫米波領(lǐng)域研究的熱點(diǎn)。本文首先研究了基于球梯度龍伯透鏡的波束掃描陣列。根據(jù)球梯度龍伯透鏡可將沿任意方向入射的平面波聚焦于其表面一點(diǎn)的特性,將離散天線單元均勻排布于龍伯透鏡表面,通過(guò)對(duì)離散天線單元順序饋電實(shí)現(xiàn)了寬掃描范圍內(nèi)的高增益波束掃描；在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出利用天線陣列對(duì)球梯度龍伯透鏡進(jìn)行饋電,通過(guò)控制每個(gè)陣元的饋電幅度和相位分布,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)陣列相位中心的調(diào)整,進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)一定角度范圍內(nèi)的等增益連續(xù)波束掃描；設(shè)計(jì)加工了1×4單極子天線陣列和滿足三種掃描角度的幅相饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò),對(duì)龍伯透鏡波束掃描陣列的高增益、小角度掃描范圍內(nèi)等增益連續(xù)掃描特性進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。其次,研究了基于平面化龍伯透鏡的波束掃描陣列。分析了現(xiàn)有的平面化龍伯透鏡的焦平面尺寸與可容納平面天線單元數(shù)目的關(guān)系,指出現(xiàn)有方法設(shè)計(jì)的平面化龍伯透鏡焦平面尺寸有限,難以容納足夠數(shù)目的平面陣元以實(shí)現(xiàn)掃描范圍內(nèi)半功率波束全覆蓋的缺點(diǎn)；基于變換光學(xué)原理提出了平面化龍伯透鏡焦平面的延展設(shè)計(jì)方法,該延展焦平面可容納足夠數(shù)目的平面陣元,進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)掃描范圍內(nèi)半功率波束的全覆蓋；設(shè)計(jì)并加工了具有延展焦平面的平面化龍伯透鏡,在其焦平面處對(duì)1×9的微帶陣列進(jìn)行順序饋電,實(shí)現(xiàn)了±42°掃描范圍內(nèi)半功率波束的全覆蓋。最后,基于光學(xué)雙折射原理,提出了基于介質(zhì)周期結(jié)構(gòu)的非磁性雙折射梯度折射率透鏡。分析了不同類型梯度折射率器件實(shí)現(xiàn)雙折射所需滿足的介電常數(shù)分布；然后基于龍伯透鏡對(duì)平面波的聚焦特性和伊頓透鏡對(duì)平面波的偏轉(zhuǎn)特性,研究了對(duì)入射平面波的垂直和水平極化分量分別具有聚焦和偏轉(zhuǎn)功能的雙折射徑向梯度折射率介質(zhì)透鏡；在此基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了一款對(duì)垂直極化波聚焦、對(duì)水平極化波偏轉(zhuǎn)角度為30°的雙折射介質(zhì)透鏡,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:Beam scanning array can realize the high gain radiation and scanning of electromagnetic wave, but the scanning range is limited and the system is complex. The gradient refractive index device can adjust the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation and apply it to beam scanning. The transformational optics and metamaterialhas provided a powerful tool for the design of new graded refractive index devices in theory and implementation. How to design a new type of graded refractive index device with beam scanning potential? A new type of gradient refractive index device, Then the beam scanning array with wide scanning range and simple structure can be realized. It is a hot topic in the field of electromagnetic field and microwave millimeter wave. Firstly, the beam scanning array based on spherical gradient Lens is studied in this paper. According to the spherical gradient Lens, plane waves incident in any direction can be focused on it. A little bit of surface property, The discrete antenna elements are arranged uniformly on the surface of the Lumber-lens, and the high-gain beam scanning in the wide scanning range is realized by feeding the discrete antenna elements sequentially. On this basis, the antenna array is used to feed the spherical gradient Lens. By controlling the distribution of the feed amplitude and phase of each array element, the phase center of the array can be adjusted, and the constant gain continuous beam scanning in a certain angle range can be realized. The 1 脳 4 monopole antenna array and the amplitude-phase feed network with three scanning angles are designed and fabricated. The high gain and equal gain continuous scanning characteristics of the Longber lens beam scanning array in small angle range are experimentally verified. The beam scanning array based on plane Lumber lens is studied. The relationship between the focal plane size and the number of antenna elements of planar Lens is analyzed. It is pointed out that the focal plane size of the planarized Lombo lens is limited and it is difficult to accommodate enough planar elements to achieve full coverage of half-power beam in scanning range. Based on the principle of transform optics, an extension design method for planar Lombo lens focal plane is proposed. The extended focal plane can accommodate a sufficient number of planar array elements, and then realize the full coverage of half-power beam in scanning range. A planar Lomber lens with extended focal plane is designed and fabricated. The 1 脳 9 microstrip array is fed sequentially at the focal plane. The full coverage of the half-power beam in 鹵42 擄scanning range is realized. Finally, based on the principle of optical birefringence, A nonmagnetic birefringent gradient refractive index lens based on dielectric periodic structure is proposed and the dielectric constant distribution required for the realization of birefringence by different types of graded refractive index devices is analyzed. Then, based on the focusing characteristics of the Lomber lens to the plane wave and the deflection characteristic of the Eaton lens to the plane wave, A birefringent radial gradient index dielectric lens with focusing and deflection functions for the vertical and horizontal polarization components of the incident plane wave is studied. The birefringent dielectric lens with 30 擄horizontal polarization wave deflection angle is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN820

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