本文關(guān)鍵詞： 磁性液體 加速度傳感器 一階浮力原理 二階浮力原理 靜態(tài)特性 動(dòng)態(tài)特性　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：磁性液體是一種兼具流動(dòng)性和磁響應(yīng)特性的新型功能材料。磁性液體加速度傳感器的研究符合加速度傳感器對(duì)于新材料的開(kāi)發(fā)與利用這一發(fā)展方向。目前國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)于磁性液體加速度傳感器的研究大部分集中于一維加速度傳感器,對(duì)于多維加速度傳感器的研究較為缺乏。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出兩種分別基于磁性液體一階浮力原理以及磁性液體二階浮力原理的新型磁性液體二維加速度傳感器模型。本文在理論方面,從磁性液體表面應(yīng)力張量出發(fā),推導(dǎo)了磁性液體一階浮力原理計(jì)算公式;從圓柱形永磁體產(chǎn)生的磁場(chǎng)與無(wú)限薄通電螺線管所產(chǎn)生磁場(chǎng)等效出發(fā),推導(dǎo)了磁性液體二階浮力原理計(jì)算公式;在單個(gè)線圈及長(zhǎng)直螺線管磁場(chǎng)計(jì)算的基礎(chǔ)上,推導(dǎo)了均勻密繞多層扁平線圈電感計(jì)算公式:推導(dǎo)了磁性液體加速度傳感器中慣性質(zhì)量相對(duì)殼體運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),線圈電感變化的計(jì)算公式;推導(dǎo)了一維及二維加速度輸入時(shí)傳感器的輸出公式并分析了傳感器靜態(tài)輸出特性;建立了磁性液體加速度傳感器動(dòng)態(tài)模型,推導(dǎo)了動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)函數(shù);分析了磁性液體加速度傳感器安裝磁屏蔽需滿足的條件,對(duì)磁屏蔽的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了討論。本文在仿真方面,提出了磁性液體一階浮力及二階浮力仿真方法,并對(duì)不同參數(shù)下的一階浮力及二階浮力進(jìn)行了仿真計(jì)算;對(duì)磁性液體加速度傳感器模型的回復(fù)力及靜態(tài)輸出特性進(jìn)行了仿真計(jì)算;對(duì)安裝磁屏蔽前后的加速度傳感器模型的磁場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了仿真計(jì)算。本文在實(shí)驗(yàn)方面,研究了不同參數(shù)下磁性液體一階浮力及二階浮力大小;對(duì)線圈結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì);研究了信號(hào)源頻率、慣性質(zhì)量的參數(shù)、線圈間距、磁性液體的種類(lèi)對(duì)磁性液體加速度傳感器靜態(tài)輸出特性的影響;測(cè)量并分析了磁性液體加速度傳感器的遲滯與重復(fù)性;對(duì)二維加速度下磁性液體加速度傳感器測(cè)量的誤差進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究;對(duì)傳感器模型的動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,并與仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析;對(duì)傳感器模型安裝磁屏蔽前后的性能變化進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,得到如下創(chuàng)新性結(jié)論:(1)本文所給出的磁性液體一階浮力仿真方法可較為簡(jiǎn)便地計(jì)算任意形狀非導(dǎo)磁物體在磁性液體中所受到的一階浮力大小,仿真結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果符合較好;(2)利用雙重鏡像法仿真計(jì)算所得的磁性液體二階浮力大小在永磁體距離磁性液體邊界較遠(yuǎn)處與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果符合較好;(3)不同基載液的磁性液體在飽和磁化強(qiáng)度、密度、相對(duì)磁化率及粘度方面均不同,對(duì)傳感器模型的靜態(tài)及動(dòng)態(tài)性能均有較大影響;在靜態(tài)特性方面采用機(jī)油基的加速度傳感器模型在線性度及靈敏度方面優(yōu)于水基及煤油基磁性液體,在動(dòng)態(tài)特性方面,采用機(jī)油基磁性液體的加速度傳感器模型擁有最小的超調(diào)量及振蕩次數(shù);(4)基于磁性液體一階浮力原理的加速度傳感器模型與基于磁性液體二階浮力原理的加速度傳感器模型在靜態(tài)性能方面各有優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),一階浮力傳感器模型在線性度方面優(yōu)于二階浮力加速度傳感器模型,但在靈敏度、遲滯與重復(fù)性方面不如二階浮力傳感器模型;而在動(dòng)態(tài)特性方面兩種加速度傳感器模型較為接近;(5)基于磁性液體一階浮力原理的加速度傳感器模型在磁屏蔽設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)相較基于磁性液體二階浮力原理的加速度傳感器模型尺寸更小、成本更低。
[Abstract]:Magnetic fluid is a new type of functional material with mobility and magnetic response properties. Research on magnetic fluid acceleration sensor with acceleration sensor for the development of new materials and the development direction. The current research for the greater part of magnetic fluid acceleration sensor points focused on one-dimensional acceleration sensor, for the study of the lack of a multidimensional acceleration sensor. On this basis, this paper puts forward two kinds of magnetic fluid were first-order principle of buoyancy and magnetic liquid two order buoyancy principle model of magnetic fluid acceleration sensor based on two-dimensional model. In this paper, from the surface of the magnetic fluid stress tensor, deduced the formula of magnetic fluid first principle of buoyancy; from the cylindrical permanent magnet the magnetic field and the infinite thin solenoid magnetic fields generated by the equivalent of magnetic fluid derived two order original buoyancy Calculation formula; foundation calculation in single coil and long straight solenoid magnetic field, are uniformly dense around the multilayer flat coil inductance calculation formula is deduced: inertial magnetic fluid acceleration sensor in motion relative to the housing quality, calculation formula of coil inductance change; deduces the output formula of one-dimensional and two-dimensional input acceleration sensor and analysis of the static output characteristics of the sensor; a magnetic fluid acceleration sensor dynamic model, dynamic response function is derived; analyzes the conditions of magnetic fluid acceleration sensor mounted magnetic shielding required, design of magnetic shielding are discussed in this paper. In the simulation, the magnetic liquid one order and two order buoyancy buoyancy simulation method. And the first-order buoyancy under different parameters and two order buoyancy is simulated; the magnetic fluid acceleration sensor model recovery force and Static output characteristics are simulated; on the installation of the acceleration sensor and the magnetic shielding model was adopted to simulate the magnetic field. In this paper, research on different parameters of magnetic liquid one order and two order buoyancy buoyancy; the coil structure parameters were designed; the signal source frequency, parameters, inertial mass the coil spacing, effects of different kinds of magnetic fluid on the static output characteristics of magnetic fluid acceleration sensor; measurement and analysis of magnetic fluid acceleration sensor hysteresis and repeatability error of the 2D acceleration; magnetic fluid acceleration sensor was studied; the dynamic characteristics of the sensor model is studied, and a comparative analysis with the simulation results; the sensor model performance changes before and after the installation of magnetic shielding is studied. On the basis of the above research, Get the following innovative conclusions: (1) this paper presents a simulation method of magnetic fluid buoyancy can easily order buoyancy calculation of arbitrary shape and non magnetic objects are in a magnetic fluid, the simulation results agree well with the experimental results; (2) magnetic liquid two order buoyancy by double image method simulation and calculation on the permanent magnet magnetic fluid better distance farther away from the boundary is consistent with the experimental results; (3) magnetic liquid of different carrier liquid in saturation magnetization, density, viscosity and relative susceptibility were different on the sensor model of static and dynamic performance have a greater impact of the oil in the static base; the characteristics of the acceleration sensor model of linearity and sensitivity and water-based ferrofluids in dynamic characteristics, the oil based magnetic fluid acceleration sensor model has The overshoot and oscillation frequency of the minimum; (4) based on the model of magnetic fluid acceleration sensor and a buoyancy principle model of magnetic fluid acceleration sensor based on the principle of two order buoyancy in static performance has its advantages and disadvantages, a buoyancy sensor model of linearity is better than two square surface buoyancy acceleration sensor model, but in the sensitivity, hysteresis and repeatability than the two order buoyancy sensor model; while in the dynamic characteristics of two kinds of acceleration sensor is close to the model; (5) the first-order buoyancy principle of magnetic fluid acceleration sensor model in magnetic shielding design with acceleration sensor model is smaller, the magnetic fluid buoyancy two order based on the principle of lower cost based on.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP212

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