發(fā)布時間：2018-01-04 01:20

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：微波冶金反應(yīng)器嵌入式控制系統(tǒng)裝置及控制策略研究　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 微波控制 嵌入式 恒功率 ARM 軟開關(guān)

【摘要】：隨著微波應(yīng)用技術(shù)的發(fā)展,微波已從傳統(tǒng)的通信領(lǐng)域拓展到微波探測、微波加熱、微波化學(xué)等多個領(lǐng)域。微波加熱作為一種新型的加熱方式已經(jīng)在烘烤、冶金、材料燒結(jié)方面嶄頭露腳,它具有加熱效率高、升溫速度快、選擇性加熱以及易于控制等諸多優(yōu)點,并且隨著半導(dǎo)體和計算機(jī)軟件技術(shù)的發(fā)展,它更容易實現(xiàn)控制的智能化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化。但是在微波加熱中使用的磁控管都需要上千伏的驅(qū)動電壓以及較大的驅(qū)動電流,使用傳統(tǒng)的變壓器升壓和整流方式不僅設(shè)備笨重、體積龐大,并且效率低下。采用開關(guān)電源可以減輕設(shè)備重量、縮小體積,同時也能提高效率,但在高頻、大功率條件下開關(guān)損耗不容忽視,它不僅導(dǎo)致開關(guān)管發(fā)熱嚴(yán)重,設(shè)備效率無法進(jìn)一步提高,嚴(yán)重時甚至?xí)绊懙诫娫吹姆�(wěn)定性,同時還具有很強(qiáng)的電磁干擾,這對同一系統(tǒng)中使用低電壓、弱電流的控制系統(tǒng)有很大的影響,特別是系統(tǒng)中的微弱信號檢測電路,影響則尤為嚴(yán)重。電磁干擾對系統(tǒng)的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性構(gòu)成極大的隱患。微波反應(yīng)器中既有高電壓、大電流的磁控管電源驅(qū)動電路,又有低電壓、弱電流的控制、通信電路,更有溫度信號檢測這樣的電磁敏感電路。針對微波反應(yīng)器的功能要求以及系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的復(fù)雜情況,首先要能精確控制微波反應(yīng)器爐腔內(nèi)溫度及變化曲線,其次需使微波反應(yīng)器的電源效率不低于96%,再次要讓系統(tǒng)具有較高的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性、以及較好的電磁兼容性。這對微波反應(yīng)器的整體設(shè)計提出了更高的要求。本文意在利用電力電子技術(shù)及嵌入式技術(shù)搭建一個高效率、高功率密度、高穩(wěn)定性、低成本,并且具有較好電磁兼容性的微波反應(yīng)器控制系統(tǒng)。微波反應(yīng)器中的磁控管由于其特殊的伏安特性,在工作區(qū)中,很小的電壓變化量將會引起很大的電流幅度變化,從而引起較大的功率變化,若系統(tǒng)只通過檢測電壓的方式來控制磁控管,則系統(tǒng)很難得到穩(wěn)定的功率輸出,從而影響爐腔內(nèi)溫度的精確控制；若系統(tǒng)直接通過檢測電流的方式來控制磁控管,則無法準(zhǔn)確確定磁控管的當(dāng)前工作區(qū)。本文采用了電壓和電流相結(jié)合的控制方式,并配合以自適應(yīng)模糊PID控制算法,這樣能有效的控制磁控管的功率,在一些對溫度曲線要求嚴(yán)格的材料燒結(jié)應(yīng)用中,系統(tǒng)也能夠很好的控制爐腔的溫度曲線。工業(yè)用的高功率磁控管通常采用高壓直流驅(qū)動,本文對驅(qū)動磁控管的AC-DC開關(guān)電源的原理及電磁干擾產(chǎn)生的機(jī)理進(jìn)行了深入的分析,普通的開關(guān)電源相對于線性電源在效率上已經(jīng)有了很大的提高,但是在進(jìn)一步提高功率密度情況下,電源的效率則呈下降趨勢,無法達(dá)到設(shè)計要求,本文采用了基于LCC諧振的軟開關(guān)技術(shù),即利用開關(guān)管在零電流或零電壓條件下開通和關(guān)斷的方法,大大降低了開關(guān)管的開關(guān)損耗,使得電源效率基本在96%以上。同時,由于開關(guān)管開通和關(guān)斷的特殊條件,大大減少了系統(tǒng)的電磁干擾,也減少了電源模塊對其它模塊的干擾,提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性。系統(tǒng)控制部分采用了嵌入式技術(shù),以ARM CORTEX-M3內(nèi)核的STM32微控制器作為主控芯片,利用微控制器自帶的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器通過熱電偶及輔助電路實現(xiàn)反應(yīng)器內(nèi)部溫度數(shù)據(jù)的采集,利用雙串口一方面和上位機(jī)進(jìn)行通信,另一方面接收來自電參數(shù)測量模塊的數(shù)據(jù),對磁控管的功率進(jìn)行實時監(jiān)控,從而實現(xiàn)對溫度和功率的有效控制。采用嵌入式技術(shù)大大降低了系統(tǒng)成本,同時微控制器強(qiáng)大的運算能力為算法的運算提供了條件。微波反應(yīng)器控制系統(tǒng)硬件部分由主控制模塊、電源驅(qū)動模塊、電參數(shù)測量模塊、溫度檢測模塊、數(shù)據(jù)通信模塊等組成,各模塊之間通過RS-485總線進(jìn)行連接。主控制模塊通過電參數(shù)測量模塊和溫度檢測模塊實時監(jiān)控磁控管功率和微波反應(yīng)器腔內(nèi)溫度；通過數(shù)據(jù)融合和控制算法對電源驅(qū)動模塊進(jìn)行控制,實現(xiàn)特定要求的微波反應(yīng)器加熱控制；通過通信模塊接收上位機(jī)的指令,同時反饋微波反應(yīng)器的狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)。模塊化的設(shè)計方法使得系統(tǒng)較強(qiáng)的可測試性和可維護(hù)性,在最后的系統(tǒng)聯(lián)機(jī)測試中也充分體現(xiàn)了這兩點,測試結(jié)果表明本系統(tǒng)實際運行和理論分析基本一致,完全滿足實際需求。
[Abstract]:With the development of microwave technology, microwave communication has been extended to the field from traditional microwave detection, microwave heating, a field of microwave chemistry. Microwave heating as a new heating mode in baking, metallurgy, sintering on brand head exposed foot, it has high heating efficiency, fast heating speed, selectivity heating and easy to control and many other advantages, and with the development of semiconductor technology and computer software, it is more easy to implement intelligent control network. But the use of magnetron in microwave heating are required driving voltage kV and the driving current is larger, the use of traditional transformer and rectifier not only heavy equipment, large volume, and low efficiency. The switching power supply can reduce the weight of the equipment, reduce the volume, but also can improve the efficiency, but in high frequency, high power under the condition of not switching loss Ignored, it not only causes the switch of severe fever, equipment efficiency, and even affect the stability of the power supply, but also has a very strong electromagnetic interference, the use of low voltage in the same system, has a great influence on the weak current control system, especially the weak signal detection circuit system the effect is particularly serious. The electromagnetic interference on the system reliability and stability pose a great risk. Both the high voltage microwave reactor, driving circuit of magnetron power supply of high current and low voltage, low current control, communication circuit, temperature detection circuit of electromagnetic signal is more sensitive to this. Considering the complicated situation inside the functional requirements of the microwave reactor and the system, we must first be able to accurately control curve of microwave reactor furnace chamber temperature and then need to make changes, the power efficiency of a microwave reactor rate of not less than 96%, Let the system has high stability and reliability to again, and good electromagnetic compatibility. The higher requirements of the overall design of microwave reactor is proposed. This paper aims to build a highly efficient use of power electronic technology and embedded technology, high power density, high stability, low cost, and has a microwave reactor control system good electromagnetic compatibility. The magnetron microwave reactor because of its special voltammetric characteristics in the work area, the variation of voltage will be small due to current amplitude changes greatly, which causes the great power changes, if the system only through the detection voltage to control the magnetron, the system is very difficult to obtain the power output stable, thus affecting the precise control of the temperature of the stove cavity; if the system directly through the current detection method to control the magnetron, currently can not accurately determine the magnetron The work area. This paper adopts the control mode of voltage and current are combined, and with adaptive fuzzy control algorithm to PID, which can effectively control the magnetron power, in some of the sintering temperature curve requires strict application, the system can control the furnace chamber temperature curve well. High power magnetron for industrial use the commonly used high voltage DC driving mechanism, the principle and the electromagnetic interference of AC-DC switch power supply for driving magnetron the in-depth analysis of the conventional switching power supply compared with the linear power supply efficiency has been greatly improved, but further improve the power density conditions, power supply efficiency decreased, not to meet the design requirements, this paper adopts LCC resonant soft switching technology based on the use of switch in zero current or zero voltage condition and shutdown method, large Reduces the switching loss of the switching tube, so that the power efficiency is above 96%. At the same time, due to the special condition of the switch turn-on and turn off, greatly reducing the electromagnetic interference of the system, but also reduce the interference of power supply module to the other modules, improve system reliability and stability control system. The embedded technology used ARM CORTEX-M3, with the STM32 microcontroller as the main control chip, the internal temperature data collected by the thermocouple reactor and auxiliary circuit using a micro controller with A/D converter, communication with a dual serial port and PC, on the other hand, receiving data from the electrical parameter measurement module, real-time monitoring of the magnetron power, in order to achieve effective control of temperature and power. Using the embedded technology greatly reduces the cost of the system at the same time, the micro controller of the computing ability is strong Provide the conditions for the arithmetic. The hardware part of the system controlled by the main control module of microwave reactor, power drive module, the electrical parameter measurement module, temperature detection module, data communication module, each module are connected by RS-485 bus. The main control module through the electrical parameter measurement module and temperature detection module and real-time monitoring of magnetron power microwave reactor cavity temperature; through data fusion and control algorithm of the power driving module to control the microwave reactor heating control to achieve the specific requirements of the host computer through the communication module; receiving instructions, state feedback data and microwave reactor. The method of modular design makes the system better testability and maintainability. At the end of the online test system is also fully embodies this point, the test results show that the actual operation of the system and a basic theoretical analysis To meet the actual needs.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TF30;TP273

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 孫建華;微波反應(yīng)器將加速化學(xué)反應(yīng)過程[J];世界科學(xué);1990年02期

2 劉福萍,陸明;微波有機(jī)合成及反應(yīng)器研究新進(jìn)展[J];精細(xì)化工中間體;2004年02期

3 李金樹,張建福;微波技術(shù)在化學(xué)合成中的應(yīng)用[J];石化技術(shù);2002年03期

4 劉福萍,陸明;微波有機(jī)合成及反應(yīng)器的新進(jìn)展[J];遼寧化工;2004年02期

5 廖傳東;;實驗室維修經(jīng)驗幾則[J];實驗室研究與探索;2010年10期

6 孟慶華,陳虹錦,方能虎,黃德音,馮駿材;面向化學(xué)研究的微波反應(yīng)器[J];實驗室研究與探索;2003年03期

7 原金海;譚世語;周志明;;微波法由富錳渣制備4A分子篩[J];硅酸鹽通報;2007年02期

8 史蘇佳,曹棟;微波原理及其在食品上的應(yīng)用[J];山西食品工業(yè);2002年03期

9 王元蓀;專利5則[J];中國釀造;2005年04期

10 ;[J];;年期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 陳頎;微波冶金反應(yīng)器嵌入式控制系統(tǒng)裝置及控制策略研究[D];昆明理工大學(xué);2016年

，

本文編號：1376418