【摘要】：星上定標(biāo)技術(shù)是保障遙感器定量化應(yīng)用的有效手段,目前基于漫射板的星上定標(biāo)技術(shù)已經(jīng)趨于成熟,其中MODIS以2%～4%的星上定標(biāo)精度被公認(rèn)為是最高水平。氣候變化預(yù)測和在軌交叉定標(biāo)等方面研究需要更高的星上定標(biāo)精度,但是漫射板受自身反射特性變化的影響,使定標(biāo)精度的進一步提高受到了限制。為滿足科學(xué)研究需求,國際上提出了直接觀測太陽的在軌輻射定標(biāo)方法。該方法避免了因漫射板自身衰變而引起的定標(biāo)不確定度,有可能使星上定標(biāo)精度得到一個量級的提升。本文開展了直接觀測太陽的在軌輻射定標(biāo)方法探索,設(shè)計了定標(biāo)的總體技術(shù)方案,根據(jù)定標(biāo)過程中觀測目標(biāo)的特點,研究了該定標(biāo)方案所需要的大范圍衰減太陽光的方法,并對衰減因子進行測試。首先,論文計算了該定標(biāo)方法的典型觀測目標(biāo)輻亮度,并對結(jié)果進行比較得出直接觀測太陽在軌輻射定標(biāo)需要將太陽光衰減5個量級;根據(jù)需要的衰減倍數(shù),研究了組合衰減和多孔板衰減兩種太陽光衰減方法,其中組合衰減法通過減小孔徑光闌面積、減小探測器積分時間和加入中性濾光片共同達(dá)到衰減要求;多孔板衰減法利用遮擋和衍射來實現(xiàn)衰減。然后,對組合衰減法的衰減因子進行測量,得出組合衰減法可以實現(xiàn)5個量級的衰減,滿足直接觀測太陽星上定標(biāo)的衰減要求。最后,論文對本次研究的進展以及不足之處進行總結(jié),并提出下一步的研究內(nèi)容。
[Abstract]:On-board calibration technology is an effective means to guarantee the quantitative application of remote sensor. At present, the onboard calibration technology based on diffuse plate has become mature, and MODIS is recognized as the highest level with 2% of on-board calibration accuracy. The prediction of climate change and the cross calibration in orbit need higher calibration accuracy on satellite, but the diffusion plate is affected by the change of its own reflection characteristics, so the further improvement of calibration accuracy is limited. In order to meet the needs of scientific research, a calibration method for direct observation of the sun in orbit is proposed. This method avoids the uncertainty of calibration caused by the decay of the diffusion plate and may improve the calibration accuracy by an order of magnitude. In this paper, the method of direct observation of the solar radiation calibration in orbit is explored, and the overall technical scheme of calibration is designed. According to the characteristics of the observation object in the calibration process, the method of attenuating the solar light in a large range is studied in the light of the characteristics of the observation object in the calibration process. The attenuation factor was tested. First of all, the radiance of the typical observation object of the calibration method is calculated, and the results are compared. It is concluded that the solar radiation calibration for direct observation of the sun in orbit needs to attenuate the solar light by 5 orders of magnitude, according to the attenuation times required, Two kinds of solar attenuation methods, combined attenuation and perforated plate attenuation, are studied. The combined attenuation method can achieve the attenuation requirements by reducing the aperture area, reducing the integral time of the detector and adding the neutral filter. The attenuation of perforated plates is realized by means of occlusion and diffraction. Then, the attenuation factor of the combined attenuation method is measured, and it is concluded that the combined attenuation method can realize the attenuation of five orders of magnitude, which can meet the attenuation requirements of direct observation of the solar star calibration. Finally, the paper summarizes the progress and shortcomings of this study, and puts forward the next research content.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP73

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