本文關(guān)鍵詞： 著作權(quán)合理使用 信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代 著作權(quán)法　出處：《上海社會(huì)科學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：理論界對(duì)著作權(quán)合理使用制度的準(zhǔn)確界定存在爭(zhēng)議,但筆者認(rèn)為可將著作權(quán)合理使用制度定義為基于法律的直接規(guī)定,行為人為了實(shí)現(xiàn)公共利益,無(wú)需征得著作權(quán)人的同意,即可無(wú)償使用他人享有著作權(quán)的作品的制度。關(guān)于著作權(quán)合理使用行為的性質(zhì),現(xiàn)階段并無(wú)定論,筆者認(rèn)為著作權(quán)合理使用行為的性質(zhì)是一種使用者享有的尚未上升為權(quán)利的法益。在信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代,因?yàn)閭鞑ゼ夹g(shù)的發(fā)展與著作權(quán)內(nèi)容的變化,有研究者對(duì)著作權(quán)合理使用制度存在的必要性提出疑問(wèn)。從憲法學(xué)領(lǐng)域維護(hù)公共利益的角度和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域刺激科學(xué)文化創(chuàng)造的角度,著作權(quán)合理使用制度在信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代有存續(xù)必要性。在信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代,將著作權(quán)合理使用制度的適用對(duì)象拘泥于已發(fā)表作品,已不利于司法實(shí)踐,也不利于我國(guó)法與我國(guó)所加入的國(guó)際條約之間的協(xié)調(diào),下一階段我國(guó)法上應(yīng)建立關(guān)于未發(fā)表作品的著作權(quán)合理使用制度。在信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代,著作權(quán)人權(quán)利擴(kuò)張到新的領(lǐng)域和新的客體,但著作權(quán)合理使用制度的適用范圍有縮小趨勢(shì),應(yīng)將著作權(quán)合理使用制度的適用范圍擴(kuò)大到數(shù)字圖書(shū)館、滑稽模仿、遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)等新領(lǐng)域,并在我國(guó)著作權(quán)法上使用概括性的立法技術(shù),擴(kuò)大著作權(quán)合理使用制度的適用范圍。對(duì)于著作權(quán)合理使用制度中"合理性"的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),我國(guó)法上缺少統(tǒng)一的、具有可操作性的規(guī)則。國(guó)際公約中的"三步檢驗(yàn)法"從特殊情形、不與原作品的正常使用相沖突、非無(wú)故損害權(quán)利人的合理利益三個(gè)角度判斷使用行為的合理性。美國(guó)法中的"四要素"判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從使用作品的目的和性質(zhì)、適用對(duì)象的性質(zhì)、使用的數(shù)量和內(nèi)容的實(shí)質(zhì)性、對(duì)被使用作品產(chǎn)生的市場(chǎng)或價(jià)值影響四個(gè)方面著手,建立起合理使用原則性的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代,"三步檢驗(yàn)法"和"四要素"判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)都面臨失靈的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。"三步檢驗(yàn)法"的特殊情形在司法實(shí)踐中屢遭擴(kuò)大化解釋,不與原作品的正常使用相沖突無(wú)法通過(guò)市場(chǎng)銷售份額得到有效判斷。與之類似,"四要素"判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的使用作品的目的和性質(zhì)及對(duì)被使用作品的影響也無(wú)法得到準(zhǔn)確的判斷結(jié)果。建議采取"概括主義"加"列舉主義"的立法技巧,將適用對(duì)象擴(kuò)大到未發(fā)表作品,將適用范圍延伸至到新興的網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂、數(shù)字圖書(shū)館等領(lǐng)域,并汲取"三步檢驗(yàn)法"和"四要素"判斷方法的精華,去除其在信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代不適宜之處,形成第一要素看使用行為的正當(dāng)性,第二要素看使用的數(shù)量和內(nèi)容的實(shí)質(zhì)性,第三要素看是否實(shí)質(zhì)性損害著作權(quán)人可得利益的原則性判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:However, the author believes that the copyright fair use system can be defined as a direct regulation based on the law, and the actor does not need to obtain the consent of the copyright owner in order to realize the public interest. The system for the free use of works in which others enjoy copyright. As to the nature of the rational use of copyright, there is no final conclusion at this stage. The author thinks that the nature of the rational use of copyright is a kind of legal interest that users have not risen to rights. In the age of information network, because of the development of communication technology and the change of copyright content, Some researchers have questioned the necessity of the fair use of copyright. From the perspective of safeguarding the public interest in the field of constitutional law and stimulating the creation of science and culture in the field of economics, The reasonable use of copyright is necessary in the era of information network. In the era of information network, it is not good for judicial practice to restrict the object of fair use of copyright to published works. It is also not conducive to the coordination between Chinese law and the international treaties to which China is a party. In the next stage, China should establish a system for the rational use of copyright in unpublished works. The rights of copyright owners extend to new fields and new objects, but the scope of application of the system of fair use of copyright has a tendency of narrowing, and the scope of application of the system of fair use of copyright should be extended to digital libraries and antics. In the new fields, such as distance education, and the use of general legislative techniques in the copyright law of our country, the scope of application of the system of fair use of copyright is expanded, and the judgment standard of "reasonableness" in the system of rational use of copyright, The "three-step test method" in international conventions does not conflict with the normal use of the original works from special situations. The judgment criterion of "four elements" in American law is based on the purpose and nature of the work used, the nature of the applicable object, the quantity and substance of the use. Starting with four aspects of the market or value impact of the work being used, In the age of information network, the criteria of "three-step test" and "four elements" are all faced with the risk of failure. The special situation of "three-step test" has been repeatedly expanded and interpreted in judicial practice. No effective judgment can be obtained by market share without conflict with the normal use of the original work. Similarly, the purpose and nature of the used work in the "four elements" criterion and its influence on the used work cannot be obtained. It is recommended that the legislative techniques of "generalism" and "enumeration" be adopted. Expanding the scope of application to unpublished works, extending the scope of application to emerging areas such as online classrooms, digital libraries, and drawing on the essence of the "three-step test" and "four elements" judgment methods, To remove its unsuitability in the age of information network, forming the first element to see the legitimacy of the use behavior, and the second factor to look at the quantity and content of the substance of the use. The third factor to see whether the substantial damage to the interests of copyright owners principle criteria.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海社會(huì)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923.41

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 梁晏婷;從“新搜案”看著作權(quán)保護(hù)[J];軟件工程師;2002年04期

2 柳勵(lì)和;高校普及著作權(quán)知識(shí)的迫切性[J];株洲工學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2002年S1期

3 翟霞;網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播與著作權(quán)保護(hù)[J];理論學(xué)刊;2002年05期

4 余波;著作權(quán)保護(hù)的社會(huì)學(xué)考量[J];中國(guó)出版;2004年12期

5 王媛;;著作權(quán)保護(hù)問(wèn)題淺析[J];中共鄭州市委黨校學(xué)報(bào);2004年03期

6 石瓶門(mén);;網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)展與著作權(quán)保護(hù)不能互為代價(jià)[J];中國(guó)信息界;2004年19期

7 劉靜玲;檔案與著作權(quán)保護(hù)[J];蘭臺(tái)世界;2005年12期

8 香江波;對(duì)著作權(quán)的限制通常分為哪些種類[J];出版參考;2005年10期

9 韓蘇閩;;圖書(shū)館數(shù)字資源著作權(quán)的保護(hù)和使用[J];醫(yī)學(xué)信息;2006年03期

10 任玉翠;;數(shù)字圖書(shū)館數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)著作權(quán)保護(hù)研究[J];江西社會(huì)科學(xué);2006年11期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 張俊霞;;論網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息著作權(quán)的刑法保護(hù)[A];中國(guó)犯罪學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)第十八屆學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集（下冊(cè)）[C];2009年

2 闞有清;;圖書(shū)館服務(wù)與著作權(quán)的合理使用[A];福建省圖書(shū)館學(xué)會(huì)2008年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2008年

3 龐怡;楊紅春;;試論網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下信息資源共建共享涉及的著作權(quán)保護(hù)問(wèn)題[A];信息時(shí)代科技情報(bào)研究、科技期刊編輯學(xué)術(shù)論文集[C];2004年

4 侯翠香;;新環(huán)境下科技期刊的著作權(quán)保護(hù)[A];中國(guó)氣象學(xué)會(huì)2005年年會(huì)論文集[C];2005年

5 毛旭;;館藏文獻(xiàn)的著作權(quán)保護(hù)和歸屬[A];文化大省建設(shè)中的圖書(shū)館現(xiàn)代化——浙江省圖書(shū)館學(xué)會(huì)第八次學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2001年

6 曹越;;從想像到現(xiàn)實(shí)——中國(guó)情境下的著作權(quán)[A];全球信息化時(shí)代的華人傳播研究：力量匯聚與學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)新——2003中國(guó)傳播學(xué)論壇暨CAC/CCA中華傳播學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集（下冊(cè)）[C];2004年

7 吳淑金;李強(qiáng);陳兵;袁寧;杜冠輝;陳嘉偉;宋妮妮;;論網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下學(xué)術(shù)期刊的著作權(quán)及其保護(hù)[A];“廣東科技情報(bào)服務(wù)促進(jìn)廣東經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展”綜合研討會(huì)論文集[C];2007年

8 鞏R，

本文編號(hào)：1494418