本文關鍵詞： 汽車信息采集系統(tǒng) CAN總線 J1939協(xié)議　出處：《湖北工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著電子自動化控制和微控制器水平的不斷進步,信息化時代的到來更加促進了電子技術的迅猛發(fā)展,尤其是在汽車操控方面更加明顯,其相關技術不斷完善,技術的更新已由初始的乘用車輛逐漸蔓延到商用汽車的領域,特別是在客車控制領域,影響更加深遠[13]。關于客車控制技術的改善必然需要對應先進的網絡通訊技術。人們生活水平的不斷富足,使得人們對物質生活的質量要求逐步提升。在客車乘坐方面,人們對其安全性、穩(wěn)定性以及舒適性的需求更加強烈[13],為了滿足這一實際需求,對客車的實際狀態(tài)有個實時的了解,有助于客車的及時改善,這就需要運用網絡技術對客車的信息進行采集以此掌握客車的運營實際動態(tài),這也是今后研究的重點所在。本文在運用嵌入式系統(tǒng)以及CAN總線技術的同時,設計出一套適合客車發(fā)展的狀態(tài)信息采集機制[1]。主要研究內容包括:首先,介紹本課題的研究背景與研究意義,并對課題研究的目的進行闡述,綜述國內外目前的研究現(xiàn)狀,對研究方法和研究內容進行闡述。之后,對CAN總線技術進行闡述,對CAN總線原理與總線幀格式進行介紹;闡述了J1939協(xié)議,對車輛運行的參數(shù)進行解析,從而為后文的研究打下基礎。接下來,分析汽車信息采集系統(tǒng)的需求,對汽車信息采集系統(tǒng)設計的原則進行闡述,提出汽車信息采集系統(tǒng)的整體方案;對汽車信息采集系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫的建立進行研究。在此基礎上,介紹此次汽車信息采集系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)過程。在結合以往已有的研究成果,分別從硬件以及軟件等方面進行深入具體的研發(fā)。在進行系統(tǒng)詳細的分析之后,給出對應的設計方法和步驟,就硬件配置以及軟件的使用進行詳細的闡述,對J1939協(xié)議棧進行設計。最后,對人機交互界面、車輛故障診斷、車輛監(jiān)控、GPS模塊等進行設計。通過本文的研究可以得到如下結果:(1)了解ITS的發(fā)展狀況,對國外車輛控制系統(tǒng)的實際運營情況以及今后的發(fā)展方向進行研究,總結國內車輛使用的控制設備的缺點以及不足,以此引出此次研究的課題以及要實現(xiàn)的目標,根據(jù)相關的規(guī)定,設計出一套可以采集車輛信息并實現(xiàn)故障及時處理的操控系統(tǒng)。(2)對CAN總線進行詳細的介紹,包括它的作用優(yōu)點以及組成基本結構等,分析它所涉及的信息技術,對故障診斷的實現(xiàn)進行深入的研究,參考所含思路理念的情況下,具體闡述本系統(tǒng)所擁有的功能以及對應的設計步驟,對整個設計的大致思路進行整理。(3)根據(jù)車載信息系統(tǒng)的功能需求,在Linux與Qt/E環(huán)境下使用多線程編程、嵌入式數(shù)據(jù)庫等技術,初步實現(xiàn)了車輛狀態(tài)監(jiān)控、故障診斷、車輛狀態(tài)信息存儲和遠程監(jiān)控功能的實現(xiàn),并提供了良好的圖形人機交互界面。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of electronic automation control and microcontroller level, the arrival of the information age has promoted the rapid development of electronic technology, especially in the automotive control more obvious, its related technology is constantly improving. The renewal of technology has gradually spread from the initial passenger vehicle to the commercial vehicle field, especially in the field of bus control, and the impact is more far-reaching. [13]. The improvement of bus control technology will inevitably require advanced network communication technology. The increasing prosperity of people's living standards has led to a gradual improvement in the quality of material life. There is a greater need for safety, stability and comfort. [13] in order to meet this practical need, there is a real-time understanding of the actual state of the bus, which contributes to the timely improvement of the bus. This requires the use of network technology to collect bus information in order to grasp the actual operation of the bus, which is the focus of future research. This paper uses embedded system and CAN bus technology at the same time. Design a set of state information collecting mechanism suitable for bus development. [1. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, the research background and significance of this subject are introduced, and the purpose of the research is expounded, and the current research situation at home and abroad is summarized. The research method and research content are expounded. After that, the CAN bus technology is expounded, and the principle of CAN bus and the frame format of the bus are introduced. Elaborated J1939 protocol, to the vehicle running parameter carries on the analysis, thus lays the foundation for the later article research. Next, analyzes the automobile information collection system demand. The design principle of automobile information acquisition system is expounded, and the whole scheme of automobile information acquisition system is put forward. This paper studies the establishment of the database of the automobile information collection system. On this basis, it introduces the research and development process of the vehicle information collection system. After the detailed analysis of the system, the corresponding design methods and steps are given, and the hardware configuration and the use of software are described in detail. J1939 protocol stack is designed. Finally, the man-machine interface, vehicle fault diagnosis, vehicle monitoring. Through the research of this paper, we can get the following results: 1) to understand the development of ITS. The actual operation of foreign vehicle control system and the future direction of development are studied, and the shortcomings and shortcomings of the control equipment used in domestic vehicles are summarized. In order to lead to the subject of this study and the objectives to be achieved, according to the relevant provisions. Design a set of control system, which can collect the vehicle information and realize the timely handling of the fault. (2) introduce the CAN bus in detail, including its function advantages and basic structure, etc. It involves the analysis of information technology, the realization of fault diagnosis in-depth research, referring to the ideas contained in the case, the system has a specific description of the functions and corresponding design steps. According to the functional requirements of the vehicle information system, multi-thread programming and embedded database technology are used in the environment of Linux and Qt/E. The functions of vehicle status monitoring, fault diagnosis, vehicle status information storage and remote monitoring are realized, and a good graphical man-machine interface is provided.
【學位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP273;TP274.2

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