本文關(guān)鍵詞： 多元醇法 銀納米線 柔性導(dǎo)電薄膜 柔性薄膜壓力傳感器　出處：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：高長徑比的銀納米線因其比表面積大、導(dǎo)電率高、制備工藝簡單和易于分散摻雜制備柔性導(dǎo)電薄膜等優(yōu)點而受到越來越多研究人員的關(guān)注。因此,銀納米線能夠用作柔性傳感器的導(dǎo)電填充材料、柔性太陽能電池電極和超級電容器電極等領(lǐng)域。此外,基于銀納米線的柔性薄膜壓力傳感器在智能可穿戴領(lǐng)域也呈現(xiàn)出巨大的應(yīng)用前景。本課題采用改進的一步多元醇法,以氯化銅作為成核控制劑制備出了形貌可控、尺寸均勻的高長徑比銀納米線,將碳納米管和自制備的銀納米線摻雜到聚氨酯(PU)中制備出柔性導(dǎo)電薄膜。采用FE-SEM、EDS、XRD、紫外-可見分光光度計表征了不同反應(yīng)溫度、成核控制劑、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的分子量、硝酸銀與PVP的質(zhì)量比等工藝參數(shù)下的銀納米線形貌。隨后,利用萬能試驗機和數(shù)字萬用電表等儀器表征了柔性薄膜壓力傳感器的靈敏度、重復(fù)性和遲滯性等性能。實驗結(jié)果顯示:改進的一步多元醇法,將反應(yīng)時間縮短到30分鐘,隨著反應(yīng)溫度的升高,銀納米線的含量逐漸降低,其直徑由130±39nm增加到348±87nm,長度由12.3um±1.6um減少到3.6±0.7um,溫度為160℃時,銀納米線的含量最多,長徑比最大。成核控制劑為氯化鈉時和氯化鐵銀納米線的長徑比范圍分別為[75,109]和[11,22],前者的反應(yīng)速度比后者慢。成核控制劑為氯化銅時,反應(yīng)速度快且長徑比范圍為[74,113]。溶液粘度隨著PVP分子量的增加而逐漸增加,導(dǎo)致實驗操作難度增大,PVP分子量為58000時,銀納米線的外觀形貌最佳,且長徑比達到了[74,113]。銀納米線的產(chǎn)量隨著硝酸銀與PVP的質(zhì)量比的增加而增加,當(dāng)質(zhì)量比為1:2時,銀納米線的長徑比最大,且銀納米顆粒含量最少。銀納米線的摻雜改善了導(dǎo)電PU薄膜的力學(xué)性能,摻雜1wt%銀納米線的柔性導(dǎo)電薄膜的力學(xué)性能最好,其斷裂載荷和斷裂伸長率分別為21913.1±296.0MPa和440.6±18.3%,比5wt%碳納米管薄膜的斷裂載荷和斷裂伸長率分別提高了 81.8%和39.7%;銀納米線含量為1wt%和5wt%的柔性導(dǎo)電薄膜,其電阻值隨著拉力的增大而明顯上升,最大值分別為1.7363×108Ω和1.3985×108Ω。對于柔性薄膜壓力傳感器,當(dāng)載荷在0-50KPa之間,不同銀納米線含量的傳感器呈現(xiàn)出較好的靈敏度,范圍為[0.00111,0.6631];對于壓縮循環(huán)測試,銀納米線含量為10wt%的傳感器,在10次壓縮循環(huán)中均表現(xiàn)出良好的重復(fù)性;銀納米線含量為10wt%時,最大遲滯誤差最小,僅為0.0486。該傳感器為智能可穿戴設(shè)備在監(jiān)測人體健康數(shù)據(jù),如脈搏、血壓、呼吸、心跳等方面提供了條件。
[Abstract]:The high aspect ratio of silver nanowires because of its large surface area, high conductivity, advantages of simple preparation process and easy dispersion were prepared by doping flexible conductive film and more and more attention of researchers. Therefore, conductive filler material, silver nanowires can be used as a flexible sensor, flexible solar battery and super capacitor electrode the electrode for the fields. In addition, it shows a great application prospect of flexible thin film pressure sensor of silver nanowires can be worn in the field of intelligence. Based on this subject adopts step polyol method improved, using copper chloride as a nucleating agent was prepared by controlling the controllable morphology, uniform size of the high aspect ratio of silver nanowires and the prepared carbon nanotubes and silver nanowires doped into polyurethane (PU) in the preparation of flexible conductive film. By using FE-SEM, EDS, XRD, UV VIS spectrophotometer. The effects of reaction temperature, nucleating agent control, Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) molecular weight, the quality of silver nitrate and PVP than the other parameters under the silver nanowire morphology. Then, using a universal testing machine and digital characterization sensitivity of flexible thin film pressure sensor of the meter and other instruments, repeatability and hysteresis properties. Experimental results show that the step polyol method improved, the reaction time is shortened to 30 minutes, with the increase of the reaction temperature, the content of silver nanowires decreased gradually, the diameter increased from 130 + 39nm to 348 + 87nm, 12.3um + 1.6um to reduce the length of the 3.6 + 0.7um, temperature is 160 degrees centigrade, the highest content of silver nanowires. The ratio of length to diameter. The maximum nucleation control agent for sodium chloride and ferric chloride and silver nanowire length diameter ratio range were [75109] and [11,22], the reaction speed of the former than the latter. The slow nucleation control agent for copper chloride, reaction speed and the ratio of length to diameter is in the range of [74113]. solution The viscosity increased with the increase of the molecular weight of PVP, leading to the difficulty of experimental operation is increased, the molecular weight of PVP was 58000, silver nanowire morphology, and the ratio of length to diameter reached [74113]. silver nanowires yield increased with the increase of the quality of the silver nitrate and the ratio of PVP, when the mass ratio was 1:2, silver nanowire length diameter ratio, and silver nanoparticles was the lowest. The silver nanowires doped to improve the mechanical properties of conductive PU thin films, the mechanical properties of flexible conductive 1wt% film doped with silver nanowires is best, the breaking load and elongation were 21913.1 + 296.0MPa and 440.6 + 18.3%, and the ratio of fracture load elongation of 5wt% carbon nanotube films were increased by 81.8% and 39.7%; the content of nano silver nanowires with flexible conductive film for 1wt% and 5wt%, its resistance value increases with the tension increased obviously, the maximum value is 1.7363 * 108 Omega respectively. And 1.3985 * 108 Omega. For the flexible thin film pressure sensor, when the load is in the range of 0-50KPa, sensors of different silver nanowires content showed good sensitivity, the range of [0.00111,0.6631]; for the compression cycle test, content of 10wt% nano silver nanowire sensor in the 10 compression cycle showed good repeatability; the content of nano silver nanowires is 10wt%, the maximum hysteresis error, only 0.0486. of the sensor for the smart wearable devices in monitoring human health data, such as blood pressure, pulse, breath, heartbeat provides conditions and so on.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB383.1;TP212

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