本文關(guān)鍵詞：偽衛(wèi)星網(wǎng)絡(luò)定位系統(tǒng)研究與設(shè)計　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 偽衛(wèi)星 時間同步 捕獲算法 跟蹤算法 收發(fā)機(jī) 定位接收機(jī)

【摘要】：在山谷中的礦區(qū)、隧道、高樓密集的"城市峽谷"等特殊場景下,由于衛(wèi)星信號受到阻擋而無法接收和提供精確的定位服務(wù)。偽衛(wèi)星增強(qiáng)定位系統(tǒng)的出現(xiàn)為解決上述場景下的定位問題提供了可能。目前,國外的Locata偽衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)投入軍事和商業(yè)應(yīng)用,該系統(tǒng)克服了大量傳統(tǒng)偽衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)中面臨的技術(shù)難題,如時鐘同步、遠(yuǎn)近效應(yīng)、多徑效應(yīng)等,在各種復(fù)雜環(huán)境下的測試結(jié)果表明其定位精度已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過其他導(dǎo)航定位系統(tǒng)。本文參考北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)及Locata偽衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)中的相關(guān)技術(shù)來研究并設(shè)計一種偽衛(wèi)星定位原型系統(tǒng),為將來進(jìn)一步研究偽衛(wèi)星關(guān)鍵技術(shù)提供平臺支撐。首先,研究了國內(nèi)外的偽衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,并參考國外的Locata偽衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)詳細(xì)介紹了偽衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)的組成、工作原理以及偽衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)中普遍存在的幾大關(guān)鍵問題,參考北斗二代導(dǎo)航電文幀結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計了一種適合偽衛(wèi)星增強(qiáng)定位系統(tǒng)的導(dǎo)航電文。其次,針對偽衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)中時間同步問題,參考Locata中TimeLoc技術(shù)原理設(shè)計、驗證了一種基于DDS的解決方案,并預(yù)留了供后續(xù)研究的相關(guān)接口。研究了偽衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)中的數(shù)字信號處理技術(shù),包括收發(fā)機(jī)基帶數(shù)字信號的產(chǎn)生和定位接收機(jī)中頻數(shù)字信號處理�；贔PGA實現(xiàn)了偽衛(wèi)星信號的捕獲、跟蹤算法,并進(jìn)行仿真驗證。再次,分析研究了頻偏對跟蹤環(huán)路及信號解調(diào)的影響,仿真結(jié)果表明本文解決方案在頻偏存在的情況下依然能有效地解調(diào)出導(dǎo)航電文。本文給出了一種基于FPGA+Nios II軟核的設(shè)計方案用于后續(xù)的導(dǎo)航電文提取以及定位解算,為后續(xù)的算法實現(xiàn)提供了平臺支撐。接著,給出了偽衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)收發(fā)機(jī)射頻前端、定位接收機(jī)射頻前端方案并分別進(jìn)行了設(shè)計。針對定位接收機(jī)給出了一種基于Max2769B集成一體化方案,并基于NiosII軟核實現(xiàn)了該芯片的驅(qū)動設(shè)計,實驗結(jié)果表明該方案可以作為偽衛(wèi)星定位接收機(jī)方案。最后,本文對各項研究工作進(jìn)行了總結(jié)和展望,并為下一步的研究提出了方向和建議。
[Abstract]:In the valley mining areas, tunnels, high-rise dense "City Canyon" and other special scenes. Due to the blocking of satellite signals, it is impossible to receive and provide accurate positioning services. The emergence of pseudosatellite enhanced positioning system provides the possibility to solve the problem of location in the above scenarios. At present. Locata pseudo-satellite systems abroad have been put into military and commercial applications. The system overcomes a large number of technical problems in traditional pseudo-satellite systems, such as clock synchronization, near-far effect, multi-path effect and so on. The test results in various complex environments show that the positioning accuracy of the system is far higher than that of other navigation and positioning systems. This paper studies and designs a new method based on Beidou navigation system and Locata pseudosatellite system. A prototype system for pseudosatellite positioning. It provides platform support for further research on the key technologies of pseudosatellites. Firstly, the development of pseudosatellite systems at home and abroad is studied. With reference to the Locata pseudosatellite system abroad, the composition, working principle and several key problems in the pseudosatellite system are introduced in detail. According to the frame structure of Beidou second generation navigation message, a kind of navigation message suitable for pseudosatellite enhanced positioning system is designed. Secondly, the time synchronization problem in pseudosatellite positioning system is addressed. Referring to the principle of TimeLoc technology in Locata, a solution based on DDS is verified. The digital signal processing technology in pseudosatellite system is studied. Including transceiver baseband digital signal generation and location receiver if digital signal processing. Based on FPGA pseudosatellite signal acquisition tracking algorithm and simulation verification. The influence of frequency offset on tracking loop and signal demodulation is analyzed. The simulation results show that the solution can demodulate the navigation message effectively in the presence of frequency offset. A new method based on FPGA Nios is presented in this paper. The design of II soft core is used for the subsequent navigation message extraction and location solution. It provides platform support for the subsequent implementation of the algorithm. Then, the RF front-end of the pseudosatellite transceiver is given. The RF front-end scheme of the positioning receiver is designed, and an integrated scheme based on Max2769B is presented for the positioning receiver. The driver design of the chip is realized based on NiosII soft core. The experimental results show that this scheme can be used as a pseudo-satellite positioning receiver. Finally, this paper summarizes and prospects the research work. The direction and suggestion for the next research are also put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN967.1

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