技術的迷失—中國、馬拉維和英國社交網(wǎng)絡應用成癮問題的跨文化研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-16 06:45
【摘要】：近年來,計算機媒介交流技術迅猛發(fā)展,其中最為盛行的當屬社交網(wǎng)站。研究表明社交網(wǎng)站的一些用戶,尤其是年輕用戶,表現(xiàn)出成癮的癥狀�，F(xiàn)在越來越多的研究開始關注社交網(wǎng)站成癮的性質(zhì),試圖探明這種形式的成癮是否與其他形式的行為成癮有所不同,以及這一成癮現(xiàn)象是否有助于從理論上進一步揭示技術與社會的關系。因為這一研究領域尚處于起步階段,所以大多數(shù)的研究是在特定學科和特定文化下進行的。本文則運用跨學科的方法研究東方(中國)、非洲(馬拉維)和西方(英國)三種文化下人們使用社交網(wǎng)站的動機和成癮問題。本文認為對于技術成癮問題的研究可以在哲學、神經(jīng)科學、心理學和文化研究構建的理論框架內(nèi)進行。本研究首先采用定性和定量的方法編制出一套社交網(wǎng)絡成癮量表,用于測量社交網(wǎng)絡成癮。本研究還使用定量的方法調(diào)查三種文化下社交網(wǎng)絡成癮、社交網(wǎng)絡的使用動機和社交網(wǎng)絡成癮的預測因素之間的差異。本研究應用了相關分析、單向方差分析、多元線性回歸分析、主成分分析和驗證性因子分析等統(tǒng)計方法對數(shù)據(jù)進行分析處理。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),馬拉維的參與者(受調(diào)查者)與其他兩個樣本的參與者相比,在社交網(wǎng)絡成癮及其影響因素上得分偏高。此外,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)娛樂性作為使用社交網(wǎng)絡的一個動機在三種文化具有相似性。研究結(jié)果還顯示中國和馬拉維的參與者使用社交網(wǎng)站的社會性動機得分明顯較高,因而兩者在社會支持和尋求友誼方面的動機高于英國的參與者。另外,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)三種文化中社交網(wǎng)絡成癮的預測因素存在差異。有趣的是,在馬拉維,只能通過社交網(wǎng)站中朋友的多少來預測社交網(wǎng)絡是否成癮；在英國則只有通過社交網(wǎng)站的交友頻率才能預測社交網(wǎng)絡是否成癮；而在中國,唯有通過社交網(wǎng)站的發(fā)帖頻率方能預測其社交網(wǎng)絡成癮與否。這些研究結(jié)果揭示了社交網(wǎng)絡成癮問題的跨文化特性。研究也顯示出社交網(wǎng)站和技術在通常情況下的藥理性質(zhì),即技術同時具有毒性和療效;以及文化轉(zhuǎn)變的趨勢,即集體主義和個人主義的界線在移動并變得模糊。如果對研究結(jié)果作進一步的推斷,也可表明社會和技術之間的關系具有動態(tài)性,也即技術-社會關系是動態(tài)的,而技術是這種動態(tài)機制的一個條件。雖然本研究可能有依賴于定量數(shù)據(jù)的局限性,但研究結(jié)果有助于理解社交網(wǎng)絡成癮和社交網(wǎng)站使用動機的文化差異性。此外,本研究編制的社交網(wǎng)絡成癮量表(SNAS)是測量社交網(wǎng)絡成癮的一個重要工具,并且更為重要的是,該量表可以適用于不同的文化。今后對這一領域進行跨學科研究時,需要采用定性或混合的方法對不同文化中與社交網(wǎng)絡成癮相關的更多因素進行全面考察。
[Abstract]:In recent years, computer media communication technology has developed rapidly, the most popular of which is the social network. Studies have shown that some users of social networking sites, especially young users, show signs of addiction. Now more and more research is beginning to focus on the nature of addiction on social networking sites, trying to figure out whether this form of addiction is different from other forms of behavioral addiction. And whether this addiction will help to reveal the relationship between technology and society in theory. Because this research field is still in its infancy, most of the research is carried out in specific disciplines and cultures. In this paper, an interdisciplinary approach is used to study the motivations and addictions of people using social networking sites in the East (China), Africa (Malawi) and the West (UK). This paper argues that the study of technology addiction can be carried out within the theoretical framework of philosophy, neuroscience, psychology and culture. In this study, a set of social network addiction scale was developed by qualitative and quantitative methods to measure social network addiction. This study also used quantitative methods to investigate the differences between the social network addiction, the motivation of social network use and the predictive factors of social network addiction in three cultures. In this study, correlation analysis, one-way variance analysis, multivariate linear regression analysis, principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze and process the data. The study found that participants in Malawi scored higher on social network addiction and its influencing factors than those in the other two samples. In addition, the study found that entertainment as a motivation for the use of social networks is similar in three cultures. The results also showed that Chinese and Malawian participants scored significantly higher social motivations for using social networking sites, so they had higher social support and friendship-seeking motivations than those in the UK. In addition, the study found that there were differences in the predictive factors of social internet addiction among the three cultures. Interestingly, in Malawi, social networking addiction can only be predicted by the number of friends in social networks; in the UK, it is only through the frequency of social networking sites that addiction can be predicted. In China, social network addiction can only be predicted by the frequency of posting on social networking sites. These findings reveal the cross-cultural characteristics of social internet addiction. Studies have also shown the pharmacological nature of social networking sites and technologies, which are both toxic and effective, and the cultural shift in which the boundaries of collectivism and individualism move and become blurred. If the results of the study are further inferred, it can also be shown that the relationship between society and technology is dynamic, that is, the technology-social relationship is dynamic, and technology is a condition of this dynamic mechanism. Although this study may have limitations that rely on quantitative data, the results help to understand the cultural differences between social internet addiction and social networking site use motivation. In addition, the Social Network Addiction scale (SNAS) developed in this study is an important tool for measuring social network addiction, and more importantly, it can be applied to different cultures. In the future interdisciplinary research in this field requires a qualitative or mixed approach to investigate more factors related to social network addiction in different cultures.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：C913.4
，
本文編號：2334763
[Abstract]:In recent years, computer media communication technology has developed rapidly, the most popular of which is the social network. Studies have shown that some users of social networking sites, especially young users, show signs of addiction. Now more and more research is beginning to focus on the nature of addiction on social networking sites, trying to figure out whether this form of addiction is different from other forms of behavioral addiction. And whether this addiction will help to reveal the relationship between technology and society in theory. Because this research field is still in its infancy, most of the research is carried out in specific disciplines and cultures. In this paper, an interdisciplinary approach is used to study the motivations and addictions of people using social networking sites in the East (China), Africa (Malawi) and the West (UK). This paper argues that the study of technology addiction can be carried out within the theoretical framework of philosophy, neuroscience, psychology and culture. In this study, a set of social network addiction scale was developed by qualitative and quantitative methods to measure social network addiction. This study also used quantitative methods to investigate the differences between the social network addiction, the motivation of social network use and the predictive factors of social network addiction in three cultures. In this study, correlation analysis, one-way variance analysis, multivariate linear regression analysis, principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze and process the data. The study found that participants in Malawi scored higher on social network addiction and its influencing factors than those in the other two samples. In addition, the study found that entertainment as a motivation for the use of social networks is similar in three cultures. The results also showed that Chinese and Malawian participants scored significantly higher social motivations for using social networking sites, so they had higher social support and friendship-seeking motivations than those in the UK. In addition, the study found that there were differences in the predictive factors of social internet addiction among the three cultures. Interestingly, in Malawi, social networking addiction can only be predicted by the number of friends in social networks; in the UK, it is only through the frequency of social networking sites that addiction can be predicted. In China, social network addiction can only be predicted by the frequency of posting on social networking sites. These findings reveal the cross-cultural characteristics of social internet addiction. Studies have also shown the pharmacological nature of social networking sites and technologies, which are both toxic and effective, and the cultural shift in which the boundaries of collectivism and individualism move and become blurred. If the results of the study are further inferred, it can also be shown that the relationship between society and technology is dynamic, that is, the technology-social relationship is dynamic, and technology is a condition of this dynamic mechanism. Although this study may have limitations that rely on quantitative data, the results help to understand the cultural differences between social internet addiction and social networking site use motivation. In addition, the Social Network Addiction scale (SNAS) developed in this study is an important tool for measuring social network addiction, and more importantly, it can be applied to different cultures. In the future interdisciplinary research in this field requires a qualitative or mixed approach to investigate more factors related to social network addiction in different cultures.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：C913.4
，
本文編號：2334763
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