本文關鍵詞：香格里拉“藏民家訪”研究　出處：《云南大學》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 香格里拉市 “藏民家訪” 旅游發(fā)展 文化符號 社會變遷

【摘要】：“藏民家訪”已經(jīng)成為云南省香格里拉市最有特色的民族文化旅游產(chǎn)品。香格里拉藏族百姓在十余年時間中摸索創(chuàng)造出的“藏民家訪”文化展演,以狂歡式展演的方法實現(xiàn)了不同文化間的溝通�？駳g式展演方式的“藏民家訪”已經(jīng)成為香格里拉文化旅游的標志性產(chǎn)品。豐富的文化片段因狂歡式展演而被融為一個有機的整體。用于新的文化生產(chǎn)而改造的藏族民居因保留了藏族家屋文化的基本元素而成為最適于懸置文化差異,實現(xiàn)文化溝通與文化交融的空間。香格里拉“藏民家訪”產(chǎn)生及發(fā)展的歷程,從根本上而言是當?shù)夭刈逶诰砣肴蚧倪^程中,通過鄉(xiāng)村旅游的方式將藏族的日常生活改造成一種文化產(chǎn)品參與到資本運作,同時不斷吸引政府組織、行業(yè)協(xié)會、旅游機構(gòu)、外來游客等利益相關方參與其中并不斷博弈的結(jié)果�！安孛窦以L”經(jīng)歷了起步、發(fā)展、波折、調(diào)整、相對穩(wěn)定等多個階段�！安孛窦以L”發(fā)展過程中面臨的問題,需要從地理區(qū)位及自然環(huán)境、社會歷史及文化背景、對外交往及管理制度、宗教信仰及社會變遷等一系列因素的互動中尋求解決方案�？傮w而言,通過“藏民家訪”的發(fā)展實踐,藏族的發(fā)展機會及發(fā)展能力得到提高,最終達到藏族自身及這一地區(qū)社會的發(fā)展的目的�！安孛窦以L”的出現(xiàn)與發(fā)展改變了“藏民家訪”從業(yè)者的農(nóng)牧生計方式,藏族在從事農(nóng)牧業(yè)的同時兼營旅游業(yè),部分藏族由農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槁糜螛I(yè)從業(yè)者,部分藏族在家屋就完成就業(yè)并從銷售農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殇N售旅游特色產(chǎn)品,延伸了香格里拉鄉(xiāng)村旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈,為鄉(xiāng)村旅游拓寬了特色旅游產(chǎn)品的銷路,為游客提供了家訪式旅游體驗消費產(chǎn)品,為藏族找到了有效的致富模式,為民間歌舞藝人找到了就業(yè)場所,并為攝影業(yè)拓展了市場。“藏民家訪”的發(fā)展使香格里拉市逐漸形成了一個經(jīng)營者、旅行社、導游、藏民家訪協(xié)會等利益相關者獲得切實的利益、并形成復雜的利益關系的特殊的旅游產(chǎn)品市場。盡管“藏民家訪”市場存在一些問題,但不可否認它不僅豐富了旅游市場上可供游客夜間消費的旅游產(chǎn)品,有效地補充了游客的人文景觀消費,還增加了經(jīng)營者及從業(yè)人員的經(jīng)濟收入,最終培育了一個產(chǎn)品內(nèi)容豐富、質(zhì)量和消費水平較高的“藏民家訪”鄉(xiāng)村旅游市場。香格里拉藏族的日常家庭生活文化在旅游發(fā)展語境中,以狂歡展演的方式獲得了經(jīng)濟價值實現(xiàn)與文化意義拓展的空間,并衍生、編排了新的文化符號與意義,構(gòu)建了新的社會關系。藏族的日常生活符號貫穿于“藏民家訪”的運營過程,“藏民家訪”的發(fā)展直接引致了部分藏族文化符號的重新編碼與意義構(gòu)建,間接引致了社會關系的建構(gòu)與拓展�！安孛窦以L”展示了豐富的文化符號,而此類文化符號既彰顯了藏族文化的獨特性,又凸顯了藏族文化與其他民族文化的差異性,從而表達了其展演類文化符號意義及其符號嬗變過程�！安孛窦以L”文化符號編碼與意義構(gòu)建是基于文化自信與滿足游客期待的協(xié)調(diào)而完成的,依托文化差異在文化市場中得以凸顯,并在差異化的符號展演與游客文化互動中被逐漸編碼與建構(gòu),“藏民家訪”所展演的日常生活符號,象征與表達了香格里拉的藏族文化。在現(xiàn)代文化旅游背景下藏族文化資源轉(zhuǎn)化為文化旅游產(chǎn)品的過程還導致了家庭關系的變遷,藏民家訪協(xié)會的出現(xiàn)也在改變和調(diào)適著藏族社會傳統(tǒng)的社會關系。大量游客的到來使當?shù)夭刈迕癖娕c外界的社會交往關系得到了非常大的拓展,這也有利于族際間文化交流平臺的搭建。
[Abstract]:"Tibetan home visits" has become the Yunnan city in Shangri-La Province, the most distinctive ethnic cultural tourism products. The Shangri-La Tibetan people in more than ten years time in explore and create "Tibetan home visits to cultural performances, Carnival performances method realizes communication between different cultures. Carnival type performances" Tibetan home visits "has become a symbol of Shangri-La cultural tourism products. The rich cultural Carnival performances are due to fragment into an organic whole. For the new production and the transformation of the culture of Tibetan dwellings for retaining the basic elements of Tibetan culture house and become the most suitable for suspension culture differences, achieve a blend of cultural communication and cultural space of course. The development of Shangri-La and the" Tibetan home visits ", fundamentally speaking, is in the process of globalization in the local Tibetan, the Tibetan by rural tourism The daily life into a kind of cultural products to participate in the capital operation, while continuing to attract government organizations, industry associations, travel agencies, foreign tourists and other stakeholders involved and the result of the game. "Tibetan home visits" has started, development, twists and turns, adjustment, the relative stability of multiple stages. "Facing the Tibetan home visits" problems in the development process, from the geographical location and natural environment, social history and cultural background, and the foreign exchange management system, seeking solutions to a series of interactive factors of religion and social change. In general, the development of the practice of Tibetan home visits ", the Tibetan development opportunities and development ability to improve and ultimately achieve social development and its Tibetan in this area. The purpose of the emergence and development of Tibetan home visits" changed "Tibetan home visits" practitioners of agriculture and animal husbandry livelihoods, In the Tibetan concurrently engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry and tourism, Tibetan by farmers into tourism practitioners, part of the Tibetan house completed in employment and from the sale of agricultural and sideline products into the sales of tourism products, to extend the Shangri-La rural tourism industry chain, to broaden the tourism product market for rural tourism, provide home visits experiential tourism products for tourists consumption, find a wealth of effective mode for Tibetan, found a place of employment for folk song and dance, and expand the market for the photographic industry. "The development of Tibetan home visits" to Shangri-La gradually formed one of the operators, travel agencies, tour guides, Tibetan home visits and other stakeholders to obtain association the benefits, and the formation of complex interests of the special tourism products market. Although there are some problems in Tibetan home visits "market, but there is no denying that it is not only rich. For tourists spending the night tourism products in the tourism market, effectively complement the human landscape tourist consumption, but also increased the income of the operators and the employees, and ultimately foster a product quality and rich in content, the higher the level of consumption of "Tibetan home visits" rural tourism market. Shangri-La Tibetan culture in daily life tourism development in the context of the carnival show the realization of economic value and cultural significance of the expansion of space, and derivatives, arrangement of cultural symbols and the significance of the new building, new social relations. The operation process of daily life of the Tibetan symbol throughout the "Tibetan home visits", "Tibetan home visits" development leads the construction of re encoding and meaning of Tibetan culture symbol, the indirectly caused by the construction and development of social relations. "Tibetan home visits" shows the rich cultural symbols, And this kind of cultural symbols not only demonstrates the unique Tibetan culture, and highlight the differences of Tibetan culture and other ethnic cultures, which express the performance of cultural symbols meaning and symbol transformation process. "Tibetan home visits" cultural symbol encoding and significance of construction of culture is based on confidence and satisfaction of tourists look and complete coordination and relying on the cultural differences highlighted in cultural market, and cultural symbols of performances and tourists interaction in differentiation were gradually encoding and construction, "the daily life symbol of Tibetan home visits" performances, symbol and expression of Shangri-La Tibetan culture. In modern cultural tourism under the background of Tibetan cultural resources into cultural tourism products also resulted in changes in family relations, the association also appeared Tibetan home visits at change and adjustment of traditional Tibetan society. A large number of tourists coming The social relations between the local Tibetan people and the outside world have been greatly expanded, which is also conducive to the establishment of the inter ethnic cultural exchange platform.

【學位授予單位】：云南大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：C95
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本文編號：1412706