【摘要】：當(dāng)下,我國正處于社會轉(zhuǎn)型期、改革攻堅期和矛盾凸顯期,各類突發(fā)公共事件層出不窮,給國家和人民帶來巨大災(zāi)難和損失。而處于突發(fā)公共事件前沿的地方政府必須直接面對各種社會問題和突發(fā)狀況,這就需要地方政府不斷提高應(yīng)急管理能力并建立完善的突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理機(jī)制。黨的十八屆三中全會指出:"全面深化改革的總目標(biāo)是完善和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義制度,推進(jìn)國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化。"因此,建立完善的地方政府突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理機(jī)制有利于全面建成小康社會,有利于全面貫徹黨的十八大精神,落實全面深化改革總目標(biāo)。本文以提高地方政府突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理能力、建立完善的突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理機(jī)制為出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn),綜合運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)分析、案例分析以及定性分析等研究方法,對我國地方政府突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理展開研究。文章首先闡述了突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理的研究背景、研究意義和研究目的,并回顧和評述了突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理的國內(nèi)外研究成果。然后文章對突發(fā)公共事件、應(yīng)急管理以及機(jī)制等關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行了概念界定和辨析,并闡述了與突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理密切相關(guān)的四大理論基礎(chǔ),即復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)理論、危機(jī)生命周期理論、人本理論和治理理論。第三章重點(diǎn)分析當(dāng)前我國政府尤其是地方政府的突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理現(xiàn)狀,第四章以安徽省S縣的應(yīng)急管理實踐和S縣"6 · 18"洪澇災(zāi)害事件為例,重新回顧了 S縣政府應(yīng)對突發(fā)公共事件的全過程,進(jìn)一步總結(jié)和歸納出本次防汛抗洪的應(yīng)急管理經(jīng)驗和教訓(xùn)。在對地方政府應(yīng)急管理現(xiàn)狀與實際案例具體分析的基礎(chǔ)上,文章第五部分總結(jié)歸納出地方政府突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理中存在的六個問題:公眾危機(jī)意識和參與程度不高;應(yīng)急預(yù)案操作性不強(qiáng);專業(yè)的應(yīng)急隊伍和技術(shù)缺乏專業(yè)性;應(yīng)急組織機(jī)構(gòu)缺乏穩(wěn)定性;事后應(yīng)對機(jī)制不健全;應(yīng)急管理法制不健全。最后,文章詳細(xì)闡述加強(qiáng)地方政府突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理的現(xiàn)實意義,并針對存在的問題提出對策。具體對策從六個方面展開:強(qiáng)化應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備工作,加強(qiáng)應(yīng)急宣傳教育與培訓(xùn),完善應(yīng)急決策指揮機(jī)制,健全社會參與機(jī)制,加快恢復(fù)與重建工作和健全應(yīng)急管理法律機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the social transition period, the reform attack period and the contradiction prominent period, each kind of unexpected public event emerges one after another, brings the huge disaster and the loss to the country and the people. The local government in the forefront of public emergencies must directly face all kinds of social problems and emergencies, which requires local governments to constantly improve the ability of emergency management and establish a sound emergency management mechanism of public emergencies. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee pointed out: "the overall goal of comprehensively deepening the reform is to perfect and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capability." Therefore, the establishment of perfect local government emergency management mechanism is conducive to building a well-off society in an all-round way, carrying out the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and carrying out the overall goal of deepening the reform in an all-round way. This paper aims at improving the ability of local government emergency management of public emergencies, establishing a perfect emergency management mechanism of public emergencies, and making comprehensive use of literature analysis, case analysis and qualitative analysis and other research methods. This paper studies the emergency management of local government emergency. In this paper, the background, significance and purpose of the research on emergency management of public emergencies are first expounded, and the research results of emergency management of public emergencies at home and abroad are reviewed and reviewed. Then the paper defines and discriminates the key words such as public emergency, emergency management and mechanism, and expounds the four theoretical bases closely related to the emergency management of public emergencies, that is, the complex system theory. Crisis life cycle theory, humanistic theory and governance theory. The third chapter focuses on the analysis of the current situation of emergency management of public emergencies in our country, especially the local government. The fourth chapter takes the practice of emergency management in S County of Anhui Province and the case of "618" flood disaster in S County of Anhui Province as an example. The whole process of S county government dealing with public emergencies is reviewed, and the experiences and lessons of emergency management for flood control and flood control are summarized and summarized. On the basis of analyzing the current situation of local government emergency management and practical cases, the fifth part of the article summarizes six problems in the local government emergency management: the public crisis awareness and the degree of participation is not high; The operation of emergency plan is not strong; the professional emergency team and technology is lack of professionalism; the emergency organization lacks stability; the mechanism of response after the event is not perfect; the legal system of emergency management is not perfect. Finally, the paper elaborates the practical significance of strengthening the local government emergency management of public emergencies, and puts forward countermeasures against the existing problems. Specific countermeasures are carried out from six aspects: strengthening emergency preparedness, strengthening emergency education and training, perfecting emergency decision-making command mechanism, perfecting social participation mechanism, speeding up recovery and reconstruction work and perfecting the legal mechanism of emergency management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D63

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