新加坡人民行動黨政黨權(quán)威研究
本文選題:新加坡 + 人民行動黨。 參考:《河南師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文
【摘要】:政黨權(quán)威是政黨基于自身所擁有的權(quán)力、能力和魅力等資源而對整個社會形成的一種特殊影響力,是政黨核心力量的重要組成部分。一個政黨如果失去了權(quán)威,就喪失了對各種資源的支配力和吸引力,進(jìn)而失去民眾的被動服從和主動認(rèn)同,將面臨存續(xù)危機(jī)。國家也會因此而失去領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中樞,變得混亂。現(xiàn)如今,在執(zhí)政黨執(zhí)政模式現(xiàn)代化的時代要求下,依據(jù)多變、復(fù)雜的政治生態(tài)重塑政黨權(quán)威成為一個難以逃避的議題。1954年,李光耀等人和馬共互為利用、合作建黨。在之后的黨內(nèi)斗爭與黨派博弈中,人民行動黨通過大選這一行政合理路徑和飽含“人民”“行動”本色的政績不斷確認(rèn)自身權(quán)威的合法性、有效性與先進(jìn)性,最終在1968年的大選中奪得全部議席,開啟了權(quán)威建設(shè)的新篇章。一黨獨(dú)大的執(zhí)政地位確立后,旦夕之間,人民行動黨締造了“新加坡奇跡”。這一奇跡的出現(xiàn)有賴于人民行動黨執(zhí)政地位的延續(xù)和政黨功能的發(fā)揮,而人民行動黨執(zhí)政地位的延續(xù)和政黨功能的發(fā)揮離不開其權(quán)威的維持與強(qiáng)化。人民行動黨牢牢控制國家權(quán)力,使政權(quán)機(jī)關(guān)為其權(quán)威的程序合法性保駕護(hù)航,增強(qiáng)自身的制度化權(quán)威;同時,人民行動黨致力于執(zhí)政有效性的提高和政策前瞻性的保持,通過能力和魅力贏得民眾的認(rèn)同與服從,使自身權(quán)威更具凝聚力與號召力。21世紀(jì),新加坡人民行動黨執(zhí)政的生態(tài)環(huán)境呈現(xiàn)出復(fù)雜的動態(tài)演變特征,其權(quán)威面臨著政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會等各方面的挑戰(zhàn)。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和一體化的發(fā)展,人民行動黨主導(dǎo)的新加坡經(jīng)濟(jì)對國際環(huán)境的依賴程度加深,難以維持高速增長和穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的態(tài)勢,加上收入分配不盡如人意,人民行動黨經(jīng)濟(jì)能力的展現(xiàn)遇到瓶頸,權(quán)威的有效性基礎(chǔ)遭到了削蝕;世界民主化浪潮的沖擊使得新加坡民眾對人民行動黨的認(rèn)同感降低,反對黨也因生存環(huán)境的改善而不斷壯大,人民行動黨對各項(xiàng)權(quán)力的壟斷性控制廣遭詬病,其權(quán)威面臨著新的合法性壓力;國內(nèi)社會結(jié)構(gòu)的變化和人員在國際間的流動,使得人民行動黨的魅力不再無懈可擊,凝聚力和向心力有所減弱。
[Abstract]:Political party authority is a kind of special influence on the whole society based on its own resources such as power, ability and charm. It is an important part of the core power of political party. If a political party loses its authority, it loses its power and attraction to all kinds of resources, and then loses the passive obedience and active identity of the people, and will face the existential crisis. As a result, the state will lose its leadership center and become chaotic. Nowadays, under the request of the modern ruling party's ruling mode, rebuilding the authority of the political party based on the changeable and complicated political ecology has become an unavoidable issue. In 1954, Li Guangyao et al. In the later inner-party struggle and party game, the people's Action Party continuously affirmed the legitimacy, validity and advanced nature of its own authority through the administrative rational path of general election and the achievements full of "people's" action ". The final election in 1968 won all seats, opened a new chapter in authority building. After the establishment of the one-party ruling position, the people's Action Party created the "Singapore miracle". The emergence of this miracle depends on the continuation of the ruling position of the people's Action Party and the exertion of the party's function, while the continuation of the ruling position of the people's Action Party and the exertion of the party's function cannot be separated from the maintenance and strengthening of its authority. The people's Action Party firmly controls state power, enables the organs of political power to protect the procedural legitimacy of its authority, and strengthens its own institutionalized authority; at the same time, the people's Action Party is committed to improving the effectiveness of its administration and maintaining a forward-looking policy. Through the ability and charm to win the people's approval and obedience, to make their own authority more cohesive and charismatic. In the 21st century, the ecological environment of the people's Action Party of Singapore takes on complex dynamic evolution characteristics, and its authority faces politics. Economic and social challenges With the development of economic globalization and integration, Singapore's economy, led by the people's Action Party, has become more and more dependent on the international environment. It is difficult to maintain a situation of rapid growth and steady development, and the income distribution is not satisfactory. The economic ability of the people's Action Party (PAP) has encountered a bottleneck, and the validity of authority has been eroded. The impact of the wave of democratization in the world has reduced the Singaporean people's sense of identity towards the PAP. The opposition party has also been strengthened by the improvement of the living environment. The people's Action Party's monopoly control over various powers has been widely criticized, and its authority is facing new legitimacy pressure; the changes in the domestic social structure and the movement of people around the world. So that the charm of the people's Action Party is no longer impeccable, cohesion and centripetal force has weakened.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:D733.9
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