本文選題：個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸 + 刑法規(guī)制��； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及,技術(shù)的進步以及貨幣數(shù)字化為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展注入了新活力。我國第一家個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺拍拍貸于2007年成立,這幾年年借助"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+"概念的興起以及國家的支持鼓勵,我國個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸行業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛。但是無監(jiān)管、無準(zhǔn)入門檻、無行業(yè)規(guī)范等先天缺陷,使得網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸這一新金融模式在帶給我國借貸市場活力與繁榮的同時,也蘊藏了巨大的風(fēng)險。在這其中,刑事風(fēng)險尤為突出,近些年來個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺涉嫌刑事犯罪案件逐漸增多即是最直觀的體現(xiàn)。本文通過介紹當(dāng)前我國個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺現(xiàn)狀,分析其主要的業(yè)務(wù)模式以及可能產(chǎn)生的刑事風(fēng)險,并在此基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合國外相關(guān)經(jīng)驗,對如何通過刑事手段規(guī)制個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺提出建議。本文主要分為四個部分:第一部分,介紹個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸的概況。首先分析個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸的概念,并指出相較于傳統(tǒng)的民間借貸,個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸具有靈活高效、促進我國征信體系的完善、有效利用社會閑散資金實現(xiàn)普惠金融等價值。其次,對當(dāng)前國外個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺的業(yè)務(wù)模式與監(jiān)管方式進行了闡述。國外個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺業(yè)務(wù)模式目前日趨成熟,但各國的管理模式卻不盡相同,存在著將個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸納入證券法律體系或者銀行法律體系進行監(jiān)管等不同的治理策略。接著,介紹我國個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸行業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,雖然國家目前采取了一定的應(yīng)對措施,但是我國個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺在運營中仍存在巨大的刑事風(fēng)險。最后,對當(dāng)前我國個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺四種主要業(yè)務(wù)模式進行了簡要介紹,分別是信息中介型、自融型、擔(dān)保型和債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓型。第二部分,對當(dāng)前個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺自融、擔(dān)保和債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓三種行為性質(zhì)認定存在的爭議進行梳理,并進行了簡要分析。同時,歸納了目前在個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺司法實務(wù)當(dāng)中存在的問題,即刑法的介入個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺多以結(jié)果為導(dǎo)向,并且刑法的打擊面過廣。第三部分,明確當(dāng)前治理個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺應(yīng)當(dāng)采取的基本立場。個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸屬于"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+金融"的產(chǎn)物,對于這種新興的金融形式,不能因其目前存在一些問題而否定其價值。對個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺中于有利于實體經(jīng)濟和社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的行為,刑法不應(yīng)介入,確有規(guī)制必要應(yīng)采用行政監(jiān)管的手段。刑事違法性和社會危害性是個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺的行為是否構(gòu)成犯罪的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。第四部分,筆者在結(jié)合前述觀點和我國有關(guān)規(guī)定的基礎(chǔ)上,對于個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺中自融行為、擔(dān)保行為、債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓行為的性質(zhì)提出自己的觀點。并對當(dāng)前我國個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺的刑法規(guī)制提出完善建議:限制非法集資類罪名的適用,但是對個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺利用自身優(yōu)勢進行犯罪的行為在量刑上應(yīng)考慮從重;對于債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓等創(chuàng)新行為刑法的介入應(yīng)該謹慎;完善個體網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺的監(jiān)管體系,加強各部門之間的合作。
[Abstract]:The popularity of the Internet, technological progress and currency digitization have injected new vitality into economic development. PPDAI, the first individual online lending platform, was established in 2007. With the rise of the concept of "Internet" and the support of the state, the individual online lending industry in China has developed rapidly in recent years. But with no supervision, no entry threshold, no industry standard and other congenital defects, this new financial model of network lending brings vitality and prosperity to our lending market, but also contains huge risks. In which, the criminal risk is particularly prominent, in recent years, the individual online lending platform suspected of criminal cases is the most intuitive manifestation. This paper introduces the current situation of individual online lending platform in China, analyzes its main business model and possible criminal risks, and combines the relevant experience of foreign countries. Some suggestions on how to regulate the individual online lending platform by criminal means are put forward. This paper is mainly divided into four parts: the first part, introduces the overview of individual network lending. Firstly, this paper analyzes the concept of individual online lending, and points out that compared with traditional folk lending, individual network lending is flexible and efficient, promotes the perfection of credit information system in our country, and effectively uses social idle funds to realize the value of inclusive finance. Secondly, the business model and supervision mode of foreign individual online lending platform are expounded. At present, the business model of individual online lending platform is becoming more and more mature, but the management mode is different in different countries. There are different governance strategies such as bringing individual network lending into securities legal system or bank legal system to supervise. Then, it introduces the current situation of the development of the individual network lending industry in China. Although the country has taken some countermeasures at present, there are still huge criminal risks in the operation of the individual network lending platform in our country. Finally, this paper briefly introduces the four main business models of individual online lending platform in China, namely, information intermediary type, self-financing type, guarantee type and creditor's right transfer type. In the second part, the author makes a brief analysis of the disputes existing in the identification of the nature of individual online lending platform, guarantee and creditor's rights transfer. At the same time, it summarizes the existing problems in the judicial practice of the individual online lending platform, that is, the intervention of the criminal law in the individual network lending platform is mostly results-oriented, and the scope of the criminal law is too wide. The third part, clear the current governance of individual online lending platform should take the basic position. The individual network loan belongs to the product of "Internet finance", for this kind of new financial form, it can't deny its value because of some problems. The criminal law should not intervene in the behavior of individual network lending platform which is beneficial to the development of real economy and social economy, and it is necessary to adopt administrative supervision means to regulate it. Criminal illegality and social harmfulness are the criteria for judging whether the behavior of individual network lending platform constitutes a crime. In the fourth part, the author puts forward his own views on the nature of self-financing, guarantee and transfer of creditor's rights on the basis of the above views and the relevant provisions of our country. At the same time, the author puts forward some suggestions on the criminal law regulation of the individual network lending platform in our country: restricting the application of the illegal financing crimes, but the individual network lending platform should be considered more seriously in the sentencing of the criminal behavior of using its own advantages; We should be careful about the intervention of criminal law on the transfer of creditor's rights, perfect the supervision system of individual network lending platform, and strengthen the cooperation among different departments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.3

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