本文選題：終身監(jiān)禁 + 《刑法修正案九》��； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：《刑法修正案九》對(duì)原《刑法》第三百八十三條做了重大修改,引入了終身監(jiān)禁作為打擊嚴(yán)重貪污受賄犯罪的刑罰方式,并對(duì)其適用條件做了·原則性的限定。作為一種全新的刑罰方式,籠統(tǒng)的規(guī)定顯然不能滿足司法實(shí)踐的需要。為此,本文依據(jù)《刑法》及相關(guān)司法解釋的規(guī)定從終身監(jiān)禁適用的依據(jù)出發(fā),探討了終身監(jiān)禁的法律性質(zhì)、適用條件和刑罰執(zhí)行等問(wèn)題。本文試圖回答以下三個(gè)問(wèn)題,第一,作為具有中國(guó)特色的"終身監(jiān)禁"在司法實(shí)踐中適用的依據(jù);第二,終身監(jiān)禁的法律性質(zhì)及裁量因素;第三,被適用終身監(jiān)禁的犯罪分子在刑罰執(zhí)行過(guò)程中所面臨的問(wèn)題。終身監(jiān)禁作為一種依附于死緩制度的死刑執(zhí)行方式引入到《刑法修正案九》中,罪刑法定原則和罪責(zé)刑相適應(yīng)原則是其適用的法理依據(jù);《刑法》及相關(guān)司法解釋是其適用的立法依據(jù)。關(guān)于終身監(jiān)禁的法律性質(zhì),刑法學(xué)界存在著刑種說(shuō)、死刑替代措施說(shuō)等觀點(diǎn)。本文認(rèn)為,終身監(jiān)禁的法律性質(zhì)應(yīng)界定為一種依附于死緩制度的死刑執(zhí)行方式。終身監(jiān)禁的這一法律性質(zhì)決定了其在司法實(shí)踐中應(yīng)綜合考慮六大因素進(jìn)行刑罰裁量,分別為時(shí)間效力、主體條件、數(shù)額及犯罪情節(jié)、犯罪后果、量刑情節(jié)以及刑事政策。首先,在時(shí)間效力方面,法律適用者應(yīng)堅(jiān)持從舊兼從輕的原則;其次,對(duì)于終身監(jiān)禁適用的主體條件,由于是作為貪污受賄罪量刑的專門條款,所以僅適用于貪污罪和受賄罪兩個(gè)罪名;再次,由于終身監(jiān)禁依附于死緩制度,終身監(jiān)禁的適用還需要滿足貪污受賄數(shù)額特別巨大、犯罪情節(jié)特別惡劣、給國(guó)家和人民造成重大損失及社會(huì)影響惡劣等條件,這些條件雖然被《刑法》及相關(guān)司法解釋予以明確,但大都規(guī)定的過(guò)于原則,需要法律適用者在司法實(shí)踐中予以準(zhǔn)確把握;最后,終身監(jiān)禁的適用還需要把握當(dāng)下國(guó)家依法打擊貪污受賄類罪的刑事政策。法律適用者應(yīng)堅(jiān)持寬嚴(yán)相濟(jì)、慎用死刑的原則。終身監(jiān)禁的準(zhǔn)確適用最終依靠刑罰的執(zhí)行,應(yīng)區(qū)分死刑緩期執(zhí)行期間和依法減為無(wú)期徒刑后兩個(gè)階段區(qū)別對(duì)待。罪犯在死緩考驗(yàn)期有重大立功表現(xiàn)的,考驗(yàn)期滿應(yīng)減為有期徒刑,而在無(wú)期徒刑階段則不能因?yàn)橹卮罅⒐Χ鴾p刑。罪犯在死緩考驗(yàn)期間實(shí)施犯罪的,也應(yīng)按《刑法》第五十條第一款的規(guī)定區(qū)別處理。適用終身監(jiān)禁的罪犯還能因?yàn)樘厣舛剐塘P消滅。
[Abstract]:Article 383 of the former Criminal Law has been greatly amended by the Amendment 9 of the Criminal Law, which introduces life imprisonment as a penalty for cracking down on the crime of serious corruption and bribery, and defines its applicable conditions in principle. As a new way of punishment, general provisions obviously can not meet the needs of judicial practice. Therefore, according to the provisions of Criminal Law and related judicial interpretation, this paper discusses the legal nature, applicable conditions and penalty execution of life imprisonment from the basis of the application of life imprisonment. This paper attempts to answer the following three questions: first, as the basis for the application of "life imprisonment" with Chinese characteristics in judicial practice; second, the legal nature and discretion of life imprisonment; third, Problems faced by criminals who are subject to life imprisonment in the execution of penalties. Life imprisonment is introduced into the Ninth Amendment to the Criminal Law as a way of executing the death penalty depending on the death penalty suspension system. The principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime and the principle of adaptation of punishment for a crime are the legal basis for its application, while the criminal law and related judicial interpretations are the legislative basis for its application. Regarding the legal nature of life imprisonment, there are views in the field of criminal law, such as the theory of type of punishment and the theory of alternative measures to the death penalty. This paper holds that the legal nature of life imprisonment should be defined as a kind of execution of death penalty. The legal nature of life imprisonment determines that it should comprehensively consider six major factors in judicial practice, namely, time effect, subject condition, amount and crime circumstances, consequences of crime, sentencing circumstances and criminal policy. First of all, in terms of time effectiveness, the applicable law should adhere to the principle of "from the old to the lighter"; secondly, for life imprisonment applicable to the main conditions, because it is a special provision for the crime of corruption and bribery sentencing, So it only applies to the two charges of embezzlement and bribery; thirdly, because life imprisonment is attached to the death penalty suspension system, the application of life imprisonment also needs to satisfy the huge amount of corruption and bribery, and the crime is especially bad. It has caused great loss to the country and people and bad social influence. Although these conditions have been defined by the Criminal Law and the related judicial interpretation, most of them are too principle, which need to be accurately grasped in judicial practice by those who are applicable to the law. Finally, the application of life imprisonment also needs to grasp the current national criminal policy of fighting corruption and bribery. Those who apply the law should adhere to the principle of combining leniency with severity and using the death penalty with caution. The accurate application of life imprisonment ultimately depends on the execution of the penalty, which should be distinguished between the suspended execution of the death penalty and the commutation to life imprisonment according to law. If a criminal performs great meritorious service during the period of suspension of death penalty, he shall be commuted to fixed-term imprisonment at the expiration of the test period, while the sentence shall not be commuted for the important meritorious service at the stage of life imprisonment. If a criminal commits a crime during the reprieve of death penalty, he shall also be treated differently in accordance with the provisions of Article 50, paragraph 1, of the Criminal Law. Criminals who are subject to life imprisonment can also be exterminated by amnesty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 張浩;終身監(jiān)禁的中國(guó)實(shí)踐與刑罰改革[D];華東政法大學(xué);2016年

2 范江維;在我國(guó)引進(jìn)終身監(jiān)禁的法律問(wèn)題研究[D];西北大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號(hào)：2020194