本文選題：國(guó)際投資條約 + 重大安全例外條款　； 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在國(guó)際投資市場(chǎng)中,國(guó)際投資條約中的重大安全例外條款在平衡東道國(guó)利益和投資者利益方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。本文以重大安全例外條款為關(guān)鍵點(diǎn),通過(guò)對(duì)該條款基本概念、緣起及發(fā)展、價(jià)值、解釋與適用等基本理論問(wèn)題進(jìn)行深入、系統(tǒng)的研究,進(jìn)一步梳理與反思當(dāng)前ICSID仲裁實(shí)踐中重大安全例外條款的爭(zhēng)議問(wèn)題。在此基礎(chǔ)上,剖析了中外投資條約中的重大安全例外條款的不足之處并提出完善之策。本文正文包含五個(gè)部分:第一章為重大安全例外條款概述。本章闡述了例外條款、一般例外條款與重大安全例外條款以及二者的關(guān)系,梳理了重大安全例外條款緣起及發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,并對(duì)重大安全例外條款的價(jià)值進(jìn)行探索。第二章為重大安全例外條款的條約約文規(guī)定。本章首先分析了重大安全例外條款的解釋方法。其次,從重大安全例外條款的適用范圍和適用的關(guān)聯(lián)性要求、目的性要求、限制性要求剖析了重大安全例外條款的適用問(wèn)題。第三章為ICSID仲裁中重大安全例外條款的實(shí)踐。本章首先介紹了由阿根廷金融危機(jī)引發(fā)的美國(guó)投資者將阿根廷訴至ICSID仲裁庭的案情。其次,進(jìn)一步詳細(xì)分析ICSID對(duì)阿根廷援引重大安全例外條款的解釋以及適用,具體從阿根廷抗辯的理由、仲裁申請(qǐng)者的理由、仲裁庭觀點(diǎn)幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析。最后,總結(jié)與反思上述判例中的爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。即經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)是否屬于重大安全、重大安全例外條款與習(xí)慣國(guó)際法“危急情況”的關(guān)系、重大安全例外條款性質(zhì)的認(rèn)定、重大安全例外措施“唯一”的認(rèn)定、適用重大安全例外條款的法律后果。第四章為中外投資條約中重大安全例外條款的實(shí)踐現(xiàn)狀及不足。首先梳理出中外投資條約中重大安全例外條款數(shù)量較少、出現(xiàn)形式不同,以及重大安全例外范圍界定的表述各有差異的實(shí)踐現(xiàn)狀。其次,總結(jié)出以下不足,“重大安全例外”的范圍不明確、大部分重大安全利益事項(xiàng)的判斷權(quán)歸屬不明確、重大安全例外措施與目標(biāo)之間的關(guān)聯(lián)性要求不統(tǒng)一、未明確援用重大安全例外條款的法律效果。第五章為完善中外投資條約中重大安全例外條款的對(duì)策。先從資本輸入大國(guó)對(duì)重大安全例外規(guī)則影響、資本輸出大國(guó)對(duì)重大安全例外規(guī)則影響、雙重身份情形下對(duì)重大安全例外規(guī)則的影響論述了完善該條款的必要性。最后,提出具體的完善之策,即從客觀考慮雙重身份下國(guó)際投資條約的簽訂明確“重大安全例外”的范圍、明確重大安全利益范圍的判斷權(quán)歸屬、統(tǒng)一重大安全例外措施與目標(biāo)之間的關(guān)聯(lián)性要求、明確援用重大安全例外條款的法律效果。
[Abstract]:In the international investment market, the important security exception clause in the international investment treaty plays an important role in balancing the interests of the host country and the investor. This article takes the major safety exception clause as the key point, through the basic concept, the origin and the development, the value, the explanation and the application and so on basic theory question carries on the thorough, the system research. Further comb and reflect on the current ICSID arbitration practice of major security exception clause dispute. On this basis, this paper analyzes the deficiencies of the major security exception clauses in the Sino-foreign investment treaties and puts forward some suggestions. The text of this paper contains five parts: the first chapter is an overview of major security exceptions. This chapter expounds the exception clause, the general exception clause and the major security exception clause and their relationship, combs the origin and development of the major security exception clause, and explores the value of the major security exception clause. The second chapter is the treaty provisions of the major security exception clause. This chapter first analyzes the interpretation of major security exceptions. Secondly, this paper analyzes the application of major safety exception clauses from the scope of application, the relevance requirements, the purpose requirements and the restrictive requirements. The third chapter is the practice of major security exception clause in ICSID arbitration. This chapter first introduces the case of U.S. investors bringing Argentina to the ICSID tribunal triggered by Argentina's financial crisis. Secondly, it further analyzes the interpretation and application of the major security exception clause invoked by ICSID in Argentina, the reasons of the Argentine defense, the reasons of the applicant for arbitration, and the viewpoint of the arbitration tribunal. Finally, summarize and reflect on the dispute focus in the above cases. That is, whether the economic crisis is a major security, the relationship between the major security exception clause and the "necessity" of customary international law, the determination of the nature of the major security exception clause, and the "sole" determination of the major security exception measure. The legal consequences of the application of the major security exception. The fourth chapter is the practice status and deficiency of the major security exception clause in the Sino-foreign investment treaty. First of all, it combs out the actual situation that the number of major security exception clauses in Sino-foreign investment treaties is relatively small, the appearance forms are different, and the definition of major security exception scope is different. Secondly, the following shortcomings are summarized: the scope of "major safety exception" is not clear, the right to judge most major security interests is not clear, and the correlation between major security exception measures and objectives is not unified. The legal effect of invoking the major security exception clause is not clear. The fifth chapter is the countermeasure of perfecting the major security exception clause in the Sino-foreign investment treaty. This paper discusses the necessity of perfecting the major security exception rule from the influence of capital importing country on major security exception rule, capital exporting country on major security exception rule and dual status on major security exception rule. Finally, the paper puts forward the concrete and perfect measures, that is, from the objective consideration of the dual status, the signing of international investment treaties clearly defines the scope of "major security exceptions" and the right to judge the scope of major security interests. Unifies the correlation between the major safety exception and the target, and clarifies the legal effect of applying the major safety exception.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D996.4

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