本文選題：暫行辦法 + 新業(yè)態(tài)��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：順應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)發(fā)展的潮流,共享經(jīng)濟(jì)中的佼佼者一網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租車展現(xiàn)出極強(qiáng)的市場適應(yīng)性,對傳統(tǒng)的出租汽車造成了極大沖擊,世界范圍內(nèi)對于以Uber為代表的網(wǎng)約車的態(tài)度表現(xiàn)不同,我國網(wǎng)約車的本土化產(chǎn)品-滴滴打車在國內(nèi)同樣也面臨著官方不同的對待,有關(guān)監(jiān)管部門的態(tài)度總體經(jīng)歷了否定-中立-有保留地合法化的變化歷程。2016年7月27日,7部委聯(lián)合發(fā)布的《網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租汽車經(jīng)營服務(wù)管理暫行辦法》出臺,正式地宣告網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租車成為我國出租車行業(yè)的一員,但是該《暫行辦法》也在無形之中給網(wǎng)約車這一互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的新業(yè)態(tài)套上了許多隱形枷鎖。為此,本文將該《暫行辦法》呈現(xiàn)出的種種法律問題作為研究主題。具體研究路徑為:第一部分介紹《暫行辦法》出臺的背景。在共享經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展的背景下,傳統(tǒng)出租汽車行業(yè)受到了極大的沖擊,因此歐美亞各國對其態(tài)度不一,有的持支持態(tài)度,也有國家對此一概封殺,在我國國內(nèi),網(wǎng)約車帶來全民出行便利的同時,也給社會帶來了一些違法甚至犯罪事件,這也給一些地方政府取締網(wǎng)約車提供了一些借口。筆者簡要介紹《暫行辦法》的規(guī)定,并進(jìn)而提出幾個法律問題和本文研究的主要方向。第二部分是關(guān)于網(wǎng)約車服務(wù)的定性問題,法律定性往往意味著對其認(rèn)識的深度,本文主要是從其與傳統(tǒng)出租汽車、“黑車”、純粹的居間服務(wù)的對比,從而將網(wǎng)約車與以上三種定性區(qū)別開,然后將其定性為一種遵循共享經(jīng)濟(jì)理念和方式的新業(yè)態(tài)。第三部分是關(guān)于網(wǎng)約車服務(wù)的許可模式,眾所周知的是,在我國,出租車從事客運(yùn)服務(wù)實行的是特別許可制,這實質(zhì)上是一種有違市場規(guī)律和缺乏法理依據(jù)的制度,網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租車新興的當(dāng)下,筆者認(rèn)為網(wǎng)約車不宜再適用該種特別許可制。根據(jù)《行政許可法》的有關(guān)規(guī)定,特許經(jīng)營制度是基于優(yōu)化配置自然資源、公共資源和直接關(guān)系到公共利益的特定行業(yè)的考量,通過論證,筆者認(rèn)為,網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租汽車應(yīng)該變特別許可為一般許可制。第四部分是關(guān)于打車平臺與平臺司機(jī)之間的法律關(guān)系界定,筆者從探討英美法系和大陸法系對于勞動關(guān)系認(rèn)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)入手,進(jìn)而指出我國規(guī)范性文件中對于勞動關(guān)系的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)較為缺乏,只在部門規(guī)章中才有零星記載。在認(rèn)定打車平臺與網(wǎng)約車司機(jī)之間關(guān)系之前,筆者將目前流行的網(wǎng)約車模式分成三類,四方協(xié)議模式、準(zhǔn)四方協(xié)議模式和三方協(xié)議模式,三種模式應(yīng)區(qū)別對待,不能等而視之。第五部分是關(guān)于打車平臺侵權(quán)責(zé)任的分配,對于侵權(quán)責(zé)任的承擔(dān)問題,又有乘客受傷與乘客之外第三人的受傷兩種不同情況,我國目前對于侵權(quán)責(zé)任承擔(dān)問題的理論多數(shù)采用的是“運(yùn)行利益”和“運(yùn)行控制”學(xué)說相結(jié)合,而平臺與司機(jī)對于車輛運(yùn)行都存在著或直接或間接的運(yùn)行利益和運(yùn)行控制。
[Abstract]:Following the trend of the development of network technology, the leader of the sharing economy, the online taxi booking, has shown a strong market adaptability, which has caused a great impact on the traditional taxi. In the world, the attitude of Uber is different. Didi Taxi, the local product of our country, also faces different treatment in our country. On the whole, the attitude of the relevant regulatory authorities has undergone a process of change from negative-neutral to legalization of reserved land. On July 27, 2016, the "interim measures on the Management of online booking Taxi Business Service", jointly issued by seven ministries and commissions, was promulgated. It is officially announced that the online taxi booking has become a member of the taxi industry in China, but the interim method has also put many invisible shackles on the new form of the Internet. For this reason, this article takes various legal problems presented by the interim measures as the subject of study. The specific research path is: the first part introduces the background of the provisional measures. Under the background of the rapid development of the shared economy, the traditional taxi industry has been greatly impacted. Therefore, the European and American Asian countries have different attitudes towards it, some of them support it, and some countries have all blocked it. In our country, While it brings convenience to the whole people, it also brings some illegal and even criminal incidents to the society, which also provides some excuses for some local governments to ban it. The author briefly introduces the provisions of "interim measures", and then puts forward several legal problems and the main research directions of this paper. The second part is about the qualitative problem of ride-hailing service, legal characterization often means the depth of understanding, this article is mainly from the traditional taxi, "black car", pure intermediary service comparison, Therefore, it distinguishes the three qualitative characteristics of the three above, and then characterizes it as a new business state following the concept and mode of shared economy. The third part is about the license mode of the ride-hailing service. It is well known that in our country, the special license system is implemented in the passenger transport service of taxis, which in essence is a system that violates the laws of the market and lacks legal basis. At present, the author thinks that the special license system should not be applied to the online taxi booking. According to the relevant provisions of the Administrative Licensing Law, the franchise system is based on the consideration of optimizing the allocation of natural resources, public resources and specific industries directly related to public interests. Online taxi booking should be changed from a special license to a general license system. The fourth part is about the legal relationship between the ride-hailing platform and the driver of the platform. Furthermore, it is pointed out that the standard of labor relations in the normative documents of our country is relatively lacking, and only in the departmental rules and regulations can there be sporadic records. Before determining the relationship between the ride-hailing platform and the ride-hailing drivers, the author divides the popular ride-hailing modes into three types: the quadripartite agreement model, the quasi-quadripartite agreement model and the three-party agreement mode. The three modes should be treated differently and cannot be regarded as such. The fifth part is about the distribution of tort liability on the taxi platform, and there are two different situations of passenger injury and the injury of the third person other than the passenger. At present, most of the theories of tort liability in our country adopt the theory of "operation benefit" and "operation control", while the platform and driver have direct or indirect operation benefits and operation control for the vehicle operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.296

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 ;境外投資聯(lián)合年檢暫行辦法[J];中國外匯管理;2002年12期

2 ;《江蘇省海域使用金征收管理暫行辦法》正式出臺[J];水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖;2004年01期

3 ;國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)項目代表性傳承人認(rèn)定與管理暫行辦法[J];司法業(yè)務(wù)文選;2008年33期

4 商耀武;徐水實施《中華人民共和國水土保持法》暫行辦法[J];海河水利;1995年02期

5 本刊訊;;國家鐵路局:出臺《鐵路建設(shè)工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)監(jiān)管暫行辦法》[J];招標(biāo)采購管理;2014年03期

6 ;吉林省安全生產(chǎn)工作目標(biāo)責(zé)任制考核暫行辦法[J];吉林政報;2006年02期

7 ;國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)項目代表性傳承人認(rèn)定與管理暫行辦法[J];中華人民共和國國務(wù)院公報;2008年33期

8 ;重慶市人民政府辦公廳關(guān)于印發(fā)重慶藥品交易所管理暫行辦法的通知[J];重慶市人民政府公報;2010年20期

9 ;財政部、國務(wù)院住房制度改革領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組、建設(shè)部頒發(fā)《國有住房出售收入上交財政暫行辦法》的通知[J];江西政報;1995年01期

10 ;山西省地方糧庫管理暫行辦法[J];山西政報;1949年03期

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前10條

1 記者 周妍;《水利部預(yù)算執(zhí)行考核暫行辦法》印發(fā)實施[N];中國水利報;2012年

2 張峰;青海局出臺業(yè)績考核暫行辦法[N];中煤地質(zhì)報;2013年

3 記者 嚴(yán)順龍 通訊員 陳金來;落實黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)責(zé)任制省級檢查暫行辦法出臺[N];福建日報;2014年

4 鄭國君 吉林省民政廳廳長;落實《社會救助暫行辦法》應(yīng)正確處理六個關(guān)系[N];中國社會報;2014年

5 吉林省民政廳廳長 鄭國君;擔(dān)起統(tǒng)籌責(zé)任 發(fā)揮牽頭作用 全面落實《社會救助暫行辦法》[N];中國社會報;2014年

6 北京市民政局局長 李萬鈞;落實《社會救助暫行辦法》 全面推進(jìn)“救急難”工作[N];中國社會報;2014年

7 肖慧才 本報記者 白誠穎;我市認(rèn)真貫徹落實《社會救助暫行辦法》[N];玉溪日報;2014年

8 政信;專題學(xué)習(xí)社會救助暫行辦法[N];湛江日報;2014年

9 記者 王杰學(xué);貫徹執(zhí)行好《暫行辦法》 盡快惠及廣大僧尼[N];西藏日報(漢);2011年

10 ;貴陽市孔學(xué)堂管理暫行辦法[N];貴陽日報;2013年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 董云輝;網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租汽車服務(wù)的法律問題研究[D];華中師范大學(xué);2017年

2 沈華君;網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租汽車政府規(guī)制研究[D];寧波大學(xué);2017年

3 逯少波;網(wǎng)約車管制分析[D];長安大學(xué);2017年

4 肖宇;網(wǎng)約車服務(wù)法律問題研究[D];青島大學(xué);2017年

5 馬歡;網(wǎng)約私家車法律規(guī)制研究[D];西南大學(xué);2017年

6 王成漢;網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租車法律監(jiān)管制度完善研究[D];上海師范大學(xué);2017年

，

本文編號：1888616