本文選題：毒駕行為 + 社會危害性�。� 參考：《湘潭大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著機動車的不斷普及,毒駕也已成為一種比較普遍的行為,這類行為極大地危害著公共安全,極易釀成特大的道路交通事故,然而按照現(xiàn)行的法律法規(guī),行為人毒駕,僅僅在導致人員傷亡、財產損失以后,才會受到刑事處罰,否則只會按交通違法行為來處理,而不被視為犯罪。這樣的制度安排有著極大的法律漏洞,即其無法對行為人毒駕但沒有造成損害后果的抽象危險行為合理地進行處罰。為此,有必要考慮將毒駕行為明確地納入到刑法的規(guī)制范圍之中。主張毒駕行為入刑的必要性在于:毒駕行為具有嚴重的社會危害性、是司法實踐的迫切需要,是社會公眾的訴求,切合我國的刑事政策,且規(guī)制毒駕行為的現(xiàn)行相關法律存在著不足;毒駕行為入刑的可行性在于:毒駕行為入刑符合刑法的謙抑性、毒駕行為入刑有境外的相關立法例可供參考,毒駕行為入刑的國內外相關技術條件日臻完善。故而,將毒駕行為納入到刑法的規(guī)制范圍之中是有一定基礎的。當然,對毒駕行為入刑問題的探討不能僅僅停留在理論上,而應有具體的制度設計與其相呼應。建議在立法上將毒駕行為放置于醉駕行為之后作為危險駕駛罪中的一種情形。在法定刑的配置上應注意對人道性原則、罪刑均衡原則、明確性原則等的貫徹。對只有拘役一種主刑的危險駕駛罪應加入有期徒刑這又一主刑種,使對該罪形成一個更加嚴密的刑罰網。以便于更好地對毒駕犯罪人員罰當其罪,做到罪責刑相適應。在對毒駕行為入刑后具體條文的設計上不用增加“情節(jié)嚴重”這一限制性條件,但在處理該類案件時還應受到我國《刑法》第13條“但書”的限制。明確對毒駕行為應該采取“零容忍”的態(tài)度。分析毒駕行為入刑的構成要件,即犯罪客體為對公共交通安全的侵害;犯罪的客觀方面表現(xiàn)為駕駛人在吸食毒品后在自身處于無責任能力或者限制責任能力的狀態(tài)下仍然駕駛機動車的行為,且構成本罪不要求行為人造成實際的損害后果;年滿16周歲精神正常的自然人即可成為本罪的主體;犯罪主觀方面為故意。有該危險駕駛行為,同時符合交通肇事罪或者以危險方法危害公共安全罪的,應根據(jù)具體情況來決定對行為人判處交通肇事罪或者以危險方法危害公共安全罪。此外還要注意到操作中罪重與罪輕的考量以及與行政處罰的銜接等問題。
[Abstract]:With the increasing popularity of motor vehicles, drug driving has become a relatively common behavior, which greatly endangers public safety and can easily lead to serious road traffic accidents. However, according to the current laws and regulations, the perpetrators of drug driving, Only after causing casualties and property losses will they be criminally punished, otherwise they will only be dealt with as traffic violations and not as crimes. This kind of system arrangement has great legal loophole, that is, it can not punish the abstract dangerous behavior of the perpetrator but does not cause the harm consequence reasonably. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the explicit inclusion of drug driving behavior in the scope of criminal law. The necessity of advocating the crime of drug driving behavior lies in: drug driving behavior has serious social harmfulness, it is the urgent need of judicial practice, it is the appeal of the public, and it is in line with the criminal policy of our country. And there are some deficiencies in the current law of drug driving behavior; the feasibility of drug driving behavior into the criminal law is that: drug driving behavior in accordance with the modesty of the criminal law, drug driving behavior into the criminal law, there are overseas relevant legislation for reference, The domestic and foreign technical conditions of drug-driving crime are becoming more and more perfect. Therefore, there is a certain foundation to bring drug driving behavior into the scope of criminal law. Of course, the discussion of the crime of drug driving behavior can not only stay in theory, but should be accompanied by specific system design. It is suggested that drug driving should be placed after drunken driving as a case of dangerous driving. The principle of humanity, the principle of balance between crime and punishment, the principle of clarity should be paid attention to in the allocation of statutory punishment. To the crime of dangerous driving with only one kind of criminal detention, we should add the term of imprisonment, and form a more strict penalty net for this crime. In order to better punish the drug driving criminals as its crime, to adapt to the crime. There is no need to add the restrictive condition of "serious circumstances" in the design of the specific provisions after the crime of drug driving, but it should also be restricted by the proviso of Article 13 of the Criminal Law of our country when dealing with this kind of cases. We should adopt a zero tolerance attitude towards drug driving behavior. This paper analyzes the constitutive elements of the crime of drug driving, that is, the object of the crime is the violation of the public transportation safety; The objective aspect of the crime is that the driver still drives the motor vehicle after taking drugs in the condition that he has no ability of responsibility or limit the ability of liability, and the crime does not require the perpetrator to cause actual damage consequences; The natural person who has reached the age of 16 years can become the subject of the crime; the subjective aspect of the crime is intentional. If there is such dangerous driving behavior which is in line with the crime of causing traffic accident or endangering public safety by dangerous method, the crime of causing traffic accident or endangering public safety by dangerous method shall be decided according to the specific circumstances. In addition, attention should be paid to the consideration of the seriousness of crime and misdemeanor in operation and the connection with administrative punishment and so on.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.3

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