本文選題：兒童福利院 + 精細(xì)化建筑設(shè)計(jì)��； 參考：《北京建筑大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：兒童福利院是國家福利服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)中的十分重要的一類建筑。目前,隨著國家各類福利性政策的推進(jìn),兒童福利院機(jī)構(gòu)的建設(shè)工作正逐步得到重視與發(fā)展。但目前隨著服務(wù)兒童范圍的擴(kuò)展及功能需求的增加,兒童福利院的空間環(huán)境與功能結(jié)構(gòu)也亟待改善,使之更符合“以兒童為本”的建設(shè)理念,為孤殘兒童營造適宜居住與成長的生活環(huán)境。本文基于普惠型福利制度的背景下,對(duì)我國有關(guān)兒童福利院建筑精細(xì)化設(shè)計(jì)、人性化設(shè)計(jì)研究的相關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范、文獻(xiàn)資料、法規(guī)政策等進(jìn)行了整理,總結(jié)了有關(guān)兒童福利院建筑精細(xì)化設(shè)計(jì)所涉及的設(shè)計(jì)要素。對(duì)兒童福利院各功能空間精細(xì)化設(shè)計(jì)的影響因素進(jìn)行分析,包括孤殘兒童的生理、心理以及行為特點(diǎn),以及各類家具設(shè)施的尺度、符合孤殘兒童心理需求的空間尺度、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范要求等�；谌梭w工程學(xué)、環(huán)境心理學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)等多學(xué)科知識(shí),提出適應(yīng)孤殘兒童特殊性使用的精細(xì)化設(shè)計(jì)原則。通過對(duì)多個(gè)地區(qū)兒童福利院現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)研分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)其中難以滿足孤殘兒童使用方式及心理需求的空間問題,并針對(duì)我國目前兒童福利院規(guī)范指導(dǎo)不完善之處,進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的問題研究。文中對(duì)兒童福利院的生活用房、教育用房、康復(fù)用房、交通及輔助用房等典型功能空間進(jìn)行平面解析和梳理,并基于孤殘兒童的使用方式及心理需求特殊性,結(jié)合精細(xì)化的設(shè)計(jì)理念,從空間布局、設(shè)施設(shè)計(jì)、界面設(shè)計(jì)等三個(gè)方面,提出各類用房的精細(xì)化設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)以及相關(guān)平面精細(xì)化的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)建議。此外,基于孤殘兒童室外活動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)及人群的使用需求,對(duì)兒童福利院外部空間環(huán)境也展開了有關(guān)精細(xì)化的設(shè)計(jì)研究。將理論充分結(jié)合實(shí)踐,為今后我國兒童福利院及相關(guān)建筑的空間深入設(shè)計(jì)等方面提出一定的參考方向,力求為孤殘兒童提供一個(gè)利于其健康成長,早日融入社會(huì)的生活環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:Child welfare home is a very important building in the national welfare service. At present, with the promotion of various welfare policies, the construction of child welfare institutions is gradually paid attention to and developed. However, with the expansion of the scope of service to children and the increase of functional needs, the spatial environment and functional structure of the children's welfare homes need to be improved urgently, so that they can be more in line with the concept of "child-oriented" construction. To create a suitable living environment for the disabled and lonely children. Based on the inclusive welfare system, this paper collates the relevant standards, standards, documents, laws and policies, and so on, related to the detailed design of children's welfare home architecture, humanized design, etc. This paper summarizes the design elements involved in the fine architectural design of the children's welfare home. The factors influencing the fine design of the functional space of the children's welfare home are analyzed, including the physiological, psychological and behavioral characteristics of the disabled children, as well as the scale of all kinds of furniture and facilities, and the spatial scale of the psychological needs of the disabled children. Standard specification requirements, etc. Based on the knowledge of ergonomics, environmental psychology, sociology and so on, the detailed design principles adapted to the particularity of disabled children are put forward. Based on the investigation and analysis of the present situation of children's welfare institutions in many regions, it is found that it is difficult to meet the spatial problems of the use mode and psychological needs of the disabled children, and aiming at the imperfect guidance of the norms of the children's welfare homes in our country at present. Carry on the corresponding problem research. In this paper, the typical functional spaces such as living room, education room, rehabilitation room, traffic and auxiliary room are analyzed and combed, and based on the particularity of the use mode and psychological needs of the disabled children, the paper analyzes and combs the typical functional space of the children's welfare institution. Combined with the idea of fine design, from three aspects of space layout, facility design and interface design, the paper puts forward the key points of fine design of all kinds of buildings and the relevant fine plane optimization design suggestions. In addition, based on the characteristics of outdoor activities of disabled and lonely children and the needs of the crowd, the detailed design of the outer space environment of the children's welfare home is also carried out. Combining theory with practice, this paper puts forward some reference directions for the further design of the space of children's welfare home and related buildings in our country in the future, in order to provide a living environment conducive to their healthy growth and early integration into society for unaccompanied and disabled children.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D632.1

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