本文選題：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì) + 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)決策�。� 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著分享經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展以及科技創(chuàng)新工程的不斷推進(jìn),因技術(shù)理性異化而衍生的各類社會(huì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題已然造成了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)對(duì)生存危機(jī)的普遍擔(dān)憂。尤其是現(xiàn)代風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)中,大量的、復(fù)雜的、多元的不確定性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)加劇了社會(huì)秩序的混沌和無(wú)序現(xiàn)象�；诩夹g(shù)異化所引發(fā)的各類風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及其潛在威脅已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)里構(gòu)建的安全機(jī)制所能控制的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)范圍。與此同時(shí),在不確定性的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)面前,現(xiàn)行法律制度也暴露出諸多弊端,各類社會(huì)主體因無(wú)法在既定的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)治理法律框架內(nèi)依照傳統(tǒng)思維找到合理的解決模式而陷入深度的恐慌之中。面對(duì)日益加劇的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)危機(jī),任何個(gè)體都無(wú)法承受其可能造成的損失。當(dāng)人性的脆弱不斷遭受到來(lái)自各方面不確定性威脅之時(shí),所有社會(huì)主體都將面向未來(lái)而理性決策。個(gè)體如何理性地探尋到從源頭上遏制風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、消減災(zāi)害的有效方法將成為整個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)的關(guān)鍵性議題。因此,有必要首先從“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)”中“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”特征的識(shí)別著手,厘清風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)的辯證關(guān)系,具體分析風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的“不確定性”的表象及其成因。為正確處風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與法律規(guī)制的關(guān)系,兼顧風(fēng)險(xiǎn)沖突各方的利益需求,從法社會(huì)學(xué)和法哲學(xué)的角度對(duì)現(xiàn)行法律制度進(jìn)行建設(shè)性的批判和反思。從風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的形成及其法律歸責(zé)與救濟(jì)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的評(píng)估及其決策模式的優(yōu)化以及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的防控及其法律應(yīng)對(duì)策略等三個(gè)面向全面分析風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與法律之間的互動(dòng)關(guān)系,并結(jié)合經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、社會(huì)心理學(xué)等其他學(xué)科知識(shí),剖析現(xiàn)行法律制度在治理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中所面臨的困境,以期達(dá)到正確認(rèn)識(shí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和法律關(guān)系的目的。全面防控風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及其潛在威脅,理應(yīng)創(chuàng)設(shè)性地實(shí)行多種治理方式。從“情感/體驗(yàn)”認(rèn)知模式與法律對(duì)策的完善、“理性/分析”認(rèn)知模式與成本收益的運(yùn)用、“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)厭惡”認(rèn)知差異與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分?jǐn)偟闹贫日{(diào)控等三個(gè)維度探索科學(xué)、合理且可行的法律治理策略。具體而言,從規(guī)制主體的角度考慮,實(shí)行公力救濟(jì)“私人化”的復(fù)合治理模式;從風(fēng)險(xiǎn)治理的法律技術(shù)角度而言,建立多元化的法律規(guī)制模式,即實(shí)行“可替代解紛程序”和“因地制宜調(diào)解”的方案。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of sharing economy and the continuous advancement of science and technology innovation project, various kinds of social risk problems arising from the alienation of technological rationality have caused widespread worry about survival crisis in modern society.Especially in the modern risk society, the chaos and disorder of the social order are aggravated by a large number of, complex and multivariate uncertain risks.All kinds of risks and their potential threats caused by technology alienation are far beyond the risk range that can be controlled by the security mechanism established in traditional society.At the same time, in the face of the uncertainty of the risk, the current legal system also exposed many drawbacks,All kinds of social subjects fall into deep panic because they can not find a reasonable solution mode according to traditional thinking within the established legal framework of risk management.In the face of a growing risk crisis, no individual can afford its possible losses.When the vulnerability of human nature is constantly threatened by uncertainty from all aspects, all social entities will face the future and make rational decisions.How to rationally explore the effective methods to contain the risk and reduce the disaster from the source will become the key issue in the whole risk society.Therefore, it is necessary to identify the characteristics of "risk" in "risk society", clarify the dialectical relationship between risk and risk society, and analyze the appearance and causes of "uncertainty" of risk.In order to correctly deal with the relationship between risk and legal regulation and to take into account the interests needs of the parties involved in the risk conflict, the author makes constructive criticism and reflection on the current legal system from the angles of sociology of law and philosophy of law.This paper analyzes the interaction between risk and law from three aspects: the formation of risk and its legal liability and relief, the optimization of risk assessment and its decision-making mode, the prevention and control of risk and its legal countermeasures, and the combination of economics.Based on the knowledge of other subjects such as social psychology, this paper analyzes the predicament that the current legal system faces in managing risks, in order to realize the aim of correctly understanding the relationship between risk and law.Comprehensive prevention and control of risks and potential threats, should be created to implement a variety of governance.It explores science from the three dimensions of "emotion / experience" cognitive mode and legal countermeasures, "rational / analytical" cognitive mode and the application of cost and income, and "risk aversion" cognitive difference and institutional regulation of risk allocation.Reasonable and feasible legal management strategy.Specifically, from the perspective of the subject of regulation, we should implement the compound governance model of "privatizing" public relief, and from the angle of legal and technical aspects of risk management, establish a diversified mode of legal regulation.That is, the implementation of "alternative dispute resolution procedures" and "mediation according to local conditions."
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D926

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