發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-27 19:06

  本文選題：人大代表　切入點(diǎn)：直接選舉　出處：《中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：人民代表大會(huì)制度是具有中國(guó)特色的政治制度,通過(guò)選舉產(chǎn)生人大代表組成我國(guó)國(guó)家權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)。根據(jù)直接選舉和間接選舉的劃分,縣鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))兩級(jí)采用直接選舉。與此相應(yīng)的是縣鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))人大代表的罷免是由選民直接提出并表決。但從近年來(lái)的實(shí)踐來(lái)看,在為數(shù)不多的直選代表罷免事例中,鮮有能依照法律規(guī)定的罷免程序,無(wú)爭(zhēng)議的實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)代表的罷免。通過(guò)分析相關(guān)事例不難發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)縣鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))人大代表罷免制度存在諸多問(wèn)題。一方面是法律規(guī)定過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)潔,如規(guī)定了罷免需寫(xiě)明理由,卻缺乏對(duì)罷免理由的界定,導(dǎo)致實(shí)踐中罷免理由各異,判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)搖擺不定。對(duì)于罷免提起門(mén)檻過(guò)高,限制較多,使得罷免啟動(dòng)困難。同時(shí),未明確罷免程序時(shí)限安排,罷免程序啟動(dòng)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短不一,致使選民或被罷免代表程序利益受損。這種法律規(guī)定上的缺失,使得罷免各方無(wú)法可依,人大常委會(huì)的職權(quán)不明,無(wú)所適從。選民罷免難提,權(quán)利無(wú)保障,積極性受損。另一方面,罷免制度的運(yùn)行也受制于客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)障礙,選民的權(quán)利意識(shí)和監(jiān)督觀念有待進(jìn)一步提高,罷免在一定程度上成為選民和代表利益博弈的工具�，F(xiàn)實(shí)中,罷免制度也漸漸邊緣化,“建議辭職”、“開(kāi)除”等罷免權(quán)異化形式大行其道,大有替代選民罷免權(quán)之勢(shì)。究其原因,一方面是由于社會(huì)主義法律制度尚在完善之中,在罷免及其相關(guān)法律中存在較多的不足和空白,程序不健全導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)實(shí)操作較為混亂,保障制度和監(jiān)督制度的缺失也進(jìn)一步加劇了現(xiàn)實(shí)困境。另一方面,由于缺乏充分民主性,科學(xué)性的選舉導(dǎo)致代表的代表性不足。官本位的思維模式和工作方法,組織資源的強(qiáng)勢(shì)地位,致使代表與選民的關(guān)系疏遠(yuǎn),選民的政治熱情不足,參與程度低,也使得罷免制度在艱難中維持。這兩個(gè)方面是完善我國(guó)縣鄉(xiāng)人大代表罷免制度的重點(diǎn)。通過(guò)歸納總結(jié)我國(guó)縣鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))人大代表罷免的事例,整合分析罷免相關(guān)法律法規(guī),挖掘罷免法律制度本身的缺陷,因此對(duì)于縣鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))人大代表罷免制度的完善,需要從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行:法律上的完善,補(bǔ)全法律缺失;通過(guò)制度增強(qiáng)選民的參與積極性,修復(fù)代表和選民關(guān)系;從監(jiān)督的角度拓寬監(jiān)督模式,建立罷免訴訟制度或?qū)ｉT(mén)監(jiān)督機(jī)關(guān)。為縣鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))人大代表罷免實(shí)踐提供一種參考,推進(jìn)其制度化、規(guī)范化運(yùn)行。
[Abstract]:The people's Congress system is a political system with Chinese characteristics. Deputies to the National people's Congress are elected to form the organs of state power in our country. According to the division between direct and indirect elections, Direct elections are adopted at the county (township) level. Accordingly, the recall of the deputies to the people's Congress of the county (township) is directly proposed and voted by the voters. However, judging from the practice in recent years, in the few cases where directly elected deputies were removed, There are few recall procedures in accordance with the law and the removal of deputies without dispute. It is not difficult to find through the analysis of relevant examples that there are many problems in the recall system of deputies to the people's congresses in counties, townships and towns in China. On the one hand, the legal provisions are too concise. If it is stipulated that the reasons for recall must be stated, but the reasons for recall are not defined, which leads to different reasons for recall in practice, the standard of decision is uncertain. The threshold for recall is too high and there are more restrictions, which makes it difficult for the recall to start. At the same time, If the duration of the recall procedure is not specified, the duration of the recall procedure will be different, which will cause damage to the interests of the voters or the representatives of the recall process. This lack of legal provisions makes it impossible for all parties to the recall to abide by the terms of reference, and the functions and powers of the standing Committee of the National people's Congress are not clear. On the other hand, the operation of the recall system is also restricted by the obstacles of objective reality, and the consciousness of the voters' rights and the concept of supervision need to be further improved. To a certain extent, recall has become a tool for playing games between voters and their representatives. In reality, the recall system has gradually become marginalized. The dissimilation forms of recall power, such as "proposing to resign" and "expelling", have become popular, and there is a tendency to replace the right of recall of voters. On the one hand, because the socialist legal system is still in the process of being perfected, there are more deficiencies and gaps in the recall and related laws, and imperfect procedures lead to more confusion in the actual operation. On the other hand, due to the lack of full democracy and scientific election, the representative of the representative is not enough, and the official standard thinking mode and working methods are also aggravated by the lack of the guarantee system and the supervision system. The strong position of organizational resources leads to the alienation of the relationship between the representative and the voters, the lack of political enthusiasm of the voters, and the low degree of participation. These two aspects are the focus of perfecting the recall system of deputies to the people's Congress of counties and townships in our country. By summing up the cases of recall of deputies to the people's Congress of counties and townships in China, we can integrate and analyze the relevant laws and regulations on the recall. Excavating the defects of the recall legal system itself, therefore, the perfection of the recall system for deputies to the people's Congress of counties and townships needs to be carried out from the following aspects: perfecting the law to make up for the lack of the law; and increasing the participation enthusiasm of voters through the system. To repair the relationship between deputies and voters, to broaden the supervision mode from the angle of supervision, to establish a system of recall litigation or special supervisory organs, to provide a reference for the practice of the recall of deputies to the people's congresses in counties, townships and townships, to promote its institutionalization and standardized operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D624

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王全法;;完善基層人大代表罷免制度的若干思考[J];人大研究;2012年01期

2 張彩琴;;選民行使罷免權(quán)不力的原因分析[J];學(xué)理論;2011年02期

3 田華;;論人大代表選舉程序的完善[J];河北法學(xué);2010年02期

4 杜力夫;;人民代表大會(huì)制度視野下的公民監(jiān)督權(quán)再探討[J];福建師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2010年01期

5 樊曉周;;完善對(duì)人大代表權(quán)力的制約機(jī)制[J];陜西行政學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2008年01期

6 徐宗立;;罷免人大代表的理由問(wèn)題——兼評(píng)“天津人大代表罷免案”[J];湖湘論壇;2007年06期

7 李秋高;;罷免制度與彈劾制度比較研究——兼論全國(guó)人大罷免制度的完善[J];法學(xué)雜志;2007年04期

8 陳伯禮;;我國(guó)人大代表提名制度缺陷分析[J];甘肅政法學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2007年03期

9 曾祥明;;公民罷免權(quán)理論源流疏議[J];蘭州學(xué)刊;2007年01期

10 朱玉蘭;;代表聯(lián)系選民工作存在的問(wèn)題與對(duì)策[J];人大研究;2007年01期

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前1條

1 錢(qián)鏡;;人大代表罷免該怎樣運(yùn)行[N];南方周末;2011年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 邱家軍;中國(guó)人大代表與選民關(guān)系研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 梁銘明;人大罷免公職人員制度研究[D];華東政法大學(xué);2016年

2 袁勝蘭;論我國(guó)人大代表退出機(jī)制[D];華中師范大學(xué);2014年

3 李東萌;我國(guó)選民直接罷免人大代表實(shí)例研究[D];黑龍江大學(xué);2014年

4 謝壯;人大代表罷免制度的研究[D];重慶大學(xué);2014年

5 吳霞;論選民直接罷免人大代表制度的完善[D];南京大學(xué);2012年

6 馬妮;我國(guó)人大代表直接選舉問(wèn)題研究[D];遼寧大學(xué);2012年

7 湯銀華;論我國(guó)直選人大代表罷免制度的完善[D];華東政法大學(xué);2012年

8 陳冬虎;論人大制度下選民的罷免權(quán)[D];西南政法大學(xué);2012年

9 孫浩;人大代表履職的保障與監(jiān)督問(wèn)題研究[D];中國(guó)海洋大學(xué);2007年

10 趙春麗;完善中國(guó)縣鄉(xiāng)人大代表選舉制度的對(duì)策研究[D];華僑大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號(hào)：1672834