本文選題：《夷堅(jiān)志》　切入點(diǎn)：冤錯(cuò)案件　出處：《河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《夷堅(jiān)志》是南宋洪邁所撰的文言志怪小說(shuō)集,其虛實(shí)相映的筆觸為古代司法的研究提供了另一視角�！兑膱�(jiān)志》中的冤錯(cuò)案件是宋代司法制度運(yùn)行的縮影,以其作為研究文本進(jìn)行探析,不失為對(duì)宋代法制的動(dòng)態(tài)實(shí)踐的進(jìn)一步探索。二元審判模式是《夷堅(jiān)志》中冤錯(cuò)案件的顯著特征,即案件先后經(jīng)歷國(guó)家司法機(jī)關(guān)的官方審判與陰司的鬼神審判。在國(guó)家審判層面,宋代立法完備而嚴(yán)密,法律規(guī)制貫穿始終,但司法官吏有法不依、曲法枉斷,釀成了大量冤獄。申訴、上訴與直訴的司法救濟(jì)層層遞進(jìn),仍難以真正疏通冤情。于是,民眾將釋冤的希望轉(zhuǎn)移至虛擬場(chǎng)域的鬼神世界。鬼神審判是對(duì)國(guó)家審判的虛幻反映,具有濃厚的世俗特征,是基層民眾多元民間信仰相互雜糅的反映。鬼神及其官僚以幽冥法作為裁判依據(jù),對(duì)世間不法行為施以懲罰,滿足了民眾對(duì)于司法公正的情感需求。《夷堅(jiān)志》冤錯(cuò)案件的二元審判凸顯了宋代官方立法與司法實(shí)踐的矛盾與背離,律令淪為空文,實(shí)效性成為致命短板;同時(shí)二者具有內(nèi)在一致性,相輔相成,國(guó)家法作為外在約束,與鬼神審判帶來(lái)的內(nèi)在約束相結(jié)合,共同維護(hù)著基層秩序的穩(wěn)定。面對(duì)冤錯(cuò)案件這一古今共同的困境,筆者以為,要在司法活動(dòng)中絕對(duì)避免乃至消除冤錯(cuò)案件難以實(shí)現(xiàn),強(qiáng)化正當(dāng)法律程序的運(yùn)行與監(jiān)督,提升司法人員的職業(yè)素質(zhì)與法治素養(yǎng),方為當(dāng)下推進(jìn)司法公正的現(xiàn)實(shí)舉措。
[Abstract]:Yi Jian Zhi is a collection of strange novels of classical Chinese written by Hongmai in Southern Song Dynasty, whose fictitious and realistic strokes provide another angle of view for the study of ancient justice. The case of wrongs and wrongs in Yi Jian Zhi is the epitome of the operation of the judicial system in Song Dynasty. It is a further exploration of the dynamic practice of the legal system in the Song Dynasty. The dualistic trial model is the prominent feature of the case of injustice and error in Yi Jian Zhi. At the level of national trial, the legislation of the Song Dynasty is complete and strict, the legal regulation runs through all the time, but the judicial officials do not abide by the law and bend the law. This has led to a large number of unjust jails. Appeals, appeals, and judicial remedies are all going on, and it is still difficult to really clear up grievances. Thus, the people's hope for redress is transferred to the world of ghosts and gods in the virtual field. Ghost and god trials are illusory reflection of national trials. With strong secular characteristics, it is a reflection of the mixture of grass-roots people's diverse folk beliefs. Ghosts and gods and their bureaucrats use the law of the Underworld as the basis of judgment, and punish the illegal acts in the world. The dualistic trial of the miscarriage of justice case highlights the contradiction and deviation between the official legislation and the judicial practice in the Song Dynasty, the law and order become empty text, the actual effect becomes the fatal short board; At the same time, the two have internal consistency and complement each other. The state law, as an external constraint, is combined with the inherent constraint brought by the ghosts and gods' trial to jointly maintain the stability of the grass-roots order. In the face of the common dilemma of cases of injustice and error, the author thinks, In judicial activities, it is difficult to avoid or even eliminate wrong-wronged cases, to strengthen the operation and supervision of due process of law, to improve the professional quality and legal literacy of judicial personnel, so as to promote judicial justice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I207.41;D929

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