本文選題：不當(dāng)出生訴訟　切入點(diǎn)：生命價(jià)值　出處：《北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：不當(dāng)出生是指母親在懷孕期間到醫(yī)院進(jìn)行產(chǎn)前檢查,醫(yī)院未發(fā)現(xiàn)胎兒具有的先天殘疾,或者沒有準(zhǔn)確告知父母胎兒的先天缺陷,婦女在不知情的情況下產(chǎn)下了具有先天缺陷的孩子,做出了不符合自己意愿的生育決定。父母認(rèn)為醫(yī)院在診斷過程中存在過失,因此起訴醫(yī)院。不當(dāng)出生訴訟最早出現(xiàn)在美國,隨后在世界范圍內(nèi)開始出現(xiàn)。雖然各國歷史和文化背景不同,但是不當(dāng)出生訴訟從開始出現(xiàn)爭議就從未停止,主要圍繞在倫理和法律構(gòu)成方面。在實(shí)踐中,對(duì)不當(dāng)出生訴訟的處理非常的復(fù)雜,目前也沒有統(tǒng)一的處理標(biāo)準(zhǔn),不同法院的處理結(jié)果也不盡相同,這個(gè)問題是司法實(shí)務(wù)中的一個(gè)難題。為此,本文以主要的爭議問題為線索,分為六個(gè)部分進(jìn)行論述:第一部分為研究背景,提出本文要研究的問題,介紹選題背景及研究意義。第二部分是研究方法,本文運(yùn)用了文獻(xiàn)綜述、案例分析、專家訪談等方法進(jìn)行研究第三部分是不當(dāng)出生問題的基本概述。本文首先對(duì)不當(dāng)出生的含義進(jìn)行界定,厘清其與不當(dāng)生命、不當(dāng)懷孕之間的關(guān)系,為下文的論述奠定基礎(chǔ)。其次本文從技術(shù)的進(jìn)步、人的價(jià)值觀念的變化、時(shí)代的轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)齻�(gè)層面來闡述不當(dāng)出生訴訟出現(xiàn)的原因。最后通過展示不當(dāng)出生的發(fā)展歷史提出不當(dāng)出生訴訟問題中所存在的倫理和法律爭論。第四部分對(duì)不當(dāng)出生訴訟中所存在的倫理問題進(jìn)行分析論證。倫理原因一直使得不當(dāng)出生訴訟不得提起,本文首先列舉了反對(duì)不當(dāng)出生訴訟的主要倫理原因,在反對(duì)者看來,支持不當(dāng)出生訴訟會(huì)造成對(duì)殘疾人的歧視以及侵犯人的生命價(jià)值。對(duì)于這些問題,本文分別做了倫理學(xué)上的論證和回應(yīng),認(rèn)為應(yīng)該允許提起不當(dāng)出生法律訴訟。第五部分對(duì)不當(dāng)出生訴訟中所存在的法律問題進(jìn)行分析梳理,包括法律責(zé)任認(rèn)定的差異、訴訟當(dāng)事人的不統(tǒng)一、處理結(jié)果上的不同。對(duì)以上的這些問題進(jìn)行了法理上的分析,理清思路,為有效解決不當(dāng)出生訴訟問題提供法律方面的思考。第六部分是對(duì)解決不當(dāng)出生訴訟問題的建議,首先明確了醫(yī)生過失的判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),從當(dāng)時(shí)的醫(yī)療水平、法律法規(guī)的相關(guān)規(guī)定、告知義務(wù)的履行等方面對(duì)醫(yī)生是否存在過失進(jìn)行判定,在此基礎(chǔ)上明確了醫(yī)生的免責(zé)情形,此情形不追究醫(yī)院的賠償責(zé)任。最后提出對(duì)于此種情況的救濟(jì)措施,通過社會(huì)化的救濟(jì)方式來對(duì)此種情況進(jìn)行彌補(bǔ)。
[Abstract]:Improper birth is when the mother comes to the hospital for prenatal examination during pregnancy, and the hospital does not find any congenital disability of the fetus, or does not accurately inform the parents of the congenital defect of the fetus, Women unknowingly give birth to children with birth defects and make birth decisions that do not suit their own wishes. Parents believe that the hospital is at fault in the diagnosis process, so they sue the hospital. Improper birth proceedings first appeared in the United States. Then it began to appear worldwide. Although countries have different historical and cultural backgrounds, disputes over improper birth proceedings have never stopped from the beginning, mainly in terms of ethical and legal composition... in practice, The handling of improper birth proceedings is very complicated, and there is no uniform standard of handling at present, and the results of different courts are different. This problem is a difficult problem in judicial practice. Therefore, this paper takes the main controversial issues as a clue. It is divided into six parts: the first part is the research background, the first part is the research background, the introduction of the background and significance of the research. The second part is the research methods, this paper uses literature review, case analysis, The third part is an overview of the problem of improper birth. Firstly, this paper defines the meaning of improper birth and clarifies its relationship with improper life and improper pregnancy. Second, this article from the technological progress, the change of human values, Finally, by showing the development history of improper birth, the ethical and legal arguments in improper birth litigation are put forward. Part 4th is about improper birth litigation. The ethical problems existing in the student lawsuit are analyzed and demonstrated. The ethical reasons have always prevented the improper birth lawsuit from being brought. This paper first lists the main ethical reasons for opposing improper birth litigation. In the opinion of opponents, supporting improper birth litigation will result in discrimination against persons with disabilities and violation of the value of human life. This article has made the ethics demonstration and the response separately, believed that should allow to initiate the improper birth legal action. 5th part carries on the analysis to the improper birth lawsuit the existence legal question, including the legal responsibility confirmation difference, the 5th part carries on the analysis to the improper birth lawsuit existence legal question, including the legal responsibility confirmation difference, The disunity of the litigants and the differences in the treatment results. The above problems are analyzed in legal theory and their thinking is clarified. In order to effectively solve the problem of improper birth litigation, it provides legal considerations. Part 6th is a suggestion to solve the problem of improper birth litigation. First of all, it clarifies the criteria for judging the negligence of doctors, from the medical level at that time, the relevant provisions of laws and regulations. On the basis of determining whether the doctor is negligent or not, on the basis of the fulfillment of the obligation of notification, the author clarifies the exemption of the doctor, and in this case does not investigate the hospital's liability for compensation. Finally, the relief measures for this kind of situation are put forward. This situation is remedied through socialized relief.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D915;D90-053

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條

1 朱革新;;民主是科學(xué)發(fā)展的生命[J];廣西大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2008年05期

2 ;@微言[J];人力資源;2013年09期

3 于嘉川,孫波;執(zhí)行是專業(yè)工作與群眾路線的結(jié)合[J];人民司法;1999年09期

4 李其群;;淺談職務(wù)犯罪初查工作的“先天缺陷”[J];今日南國(中旬刊);2010年05期

5 山河;特殊家庭的摯愛親情(英文)[J];Women of China;2001年04期

6 杜早華;;論現(xiàn)代主體自由的局限[J];五邑大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2011年02期

7 陳玉領(lǐng);;現(xiàn)行墮胎立法的缺陷與完善建議[J];重慶科技學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2013年10期

8 高慧然;;偉大的煽情[J];跨世紀(jì)(時(shí)文博覽);2008年16期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前2條

1 陳麗清;;以校園閱讀為載體,提升教師生命價(jià)值[A];國家教師科研基金十二五階段性成果集（華南卷）[C];2012年

2 丁瓊;;對(duì)于嚴(yán)重先天缺陷新生兒的思考[A];全國護(hù)理行理管理學(xué)術(shù)交流暨專題講座會(huì)議論文匯編[C];2002年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前9條

1 記者 任海軍;一種蛋白質(zhì)過少或致嬰兒先天缺陷[N];新華每日電訊;2009年

2 雷鐘哲;莫忘“租友”的先天缺陷[N];陜西日?qǐng)?bào);2013年

3 時(shí)政評(píng)論員 彭曉蕓;二代證的“先天缺陷”與“后天殘疾”[N];東莞日?qǐng)?bào);2013年

4 記者 王曉磊;遺棄先天缺陷男嬰，再孕父母涉嫌犯罪被拘[N];新華每日電訊;2013年

5 記者 衣曉峰 通訊員 馮宇曦;中美學(xué)者對(duì)心臟先天缺陷有新認(rèn)識(shí)[N];健康報(bào);2012年

6 江蘇省連云港市司法局 吳學(xué)安;“二代證”先天存缺陷需要及時(shí)矯正[N];人民政協(xié)報(bào);2013年

7 記者 劉海英;英研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)育延遲機(jī)制[N];科技日?qǐng)?bào);2011年

8 本報(bào)記者 臺(tái)建林;借二代證“先天缺陷”一月詐騙85萬[N];法制日?qǐng)?bào);2013年

9 本報(bào)駐日本記者 田泓;凸顯“安倍經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)”先天缺陷[N];人民日?qǐng)?bào);2013年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 劉明煜;不當(dāng)出生訴訟的倫理和法律探究[D];北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院;2017年

2 張晴晴;甘肅省先天缺陷發(fā)生現(xiàn)狀及影響因素研究[D];蘭州大學(xué);2011年

3 裴凌云;甘肅省5縣市先天缺陷干預(yù)工程效果評(píng)價(jià)[D];蘭州大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：1595778