本文關(guān)鍵詞： 勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議 舉證責(zé)任 勞動(dòng)法　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：勞動(dòng)關(guān)系之變化,勢(shì)必導(dǎo)致新型的勞動(dòng)糾紛層出不窮,隨之引發(fā)的勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議案件也在不斷增加。如何能夠更好解決勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議,保護(hù)勞資雙方的合法權(quán)益日趨重要。如今,勞動(dòng)者的法律維權(quán)意識(shí)逐漸地提高,面對(duì)用人單位侵權(quán)事件,勞動(dòng)者不再沉默,而是選擇法律手段維護(hù)自己的合法權(quán)益。勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議雙方當(dāng)事人各執(zhí)一詞,需要有利的證據(jù)支持自己的訴訟請(qǐng)求,而舉證責(zé)任的分配關(guān)乎著其訴求能否得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。處理勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議的司法實(shí)踐中往往將民事?tīng)?zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任規(guī)則直接適用到勞動(dòng)糾紛之中,但勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議具有其自身的特殊性,若是片面地將民事?tīng)?zhēng)議舉證規(guī)制適用到勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議案件,無(wú)法使糾紛得到根本性到解決,勞資雙方具有一定的隸屬性,在能力上存在著一定的差距�；诖�,本文對(duì)勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任制度進(jìn)行探究分析,主要內(nèi)容分為三個(gè)部分:首先對(duì)勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議概念、特殊性以及勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任特殊性及立法需求進(jìn)行闡述,梳理目前我國(guó)關(guān)于勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任學(xué)說(shuō)。本文認(rèn)為勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議案件與普通的民事?tīng)?zhēng)議案件不同,其一,適用范圍不同,勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議案件適用范圍更廣;其二,舉證責(zé)任分配存在著差異;其三,勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議當(dāng)事人地位不平等;其四,勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議案件具有一定的獨(dú)立性。闡述分析了完全舉證責(zé)任倒置說(shuō)、部分舉證責(zé)任倒置說(shuō)、證明責(zé)任的可分割理論,與此同時(shí),對(duì)不同學(xué)說(shuō)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行介紹,如大陸法系的法律要件學(xué)說(shuō)、英美法系的利益平衡說(shuō)、按照待證事實(shí)分類(lèi)原則分配舉證責(zé)任,為勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任分配規(guī)制的建設(shè)提供借鑒作用。其次,對(duì)勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任的現(xiàn)狀及其問(wèn)題進(jìn)行總結(jié),通過(guò)對(duì)勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議典型案例進(jìn)行分析,試得出目前勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任中存在的不足之處。列舉具體的勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議案件,通過(guò)對(duì)勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議案件舉證責(zé)任情況進(jìn)行深入的分析,認(rèn)為目前勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任面臨的困境主要包括三個(gè)方面:其一,勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議訴訟舉證責(zé)任分配缺乏明確的指導(dǎo)原則;其二,我國(guó)民事訴訟法對(duì)勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議訴訟舉證責(zé)任分配制度存在不足之處,例如勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任定位不合理,現(xiàn)行關(guān)于勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任分配的規(guī)定過(guò)于籠統(tǒng)、操作性不強(qiáng),現(xiàn)行立法規(guī)定不能滿(mǎn)足勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議訴訟舉證責(zé)任分配的需要;其三,“誰(shuí)主張,誰(shuí)舉證”被無(wú)限擴(kuò)張式的應(yīng)用。最后,確定勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任完善對(duì)策,闡述勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任立法完善的必要性,其一,明確勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任立法完善的價(jià)值取向,建議其要從程序公正和程序效益兩個(gè)角度出發(fā)。其二,確定勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任階段化分配制度,合理定位勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任分配制度,分類(lèi)確立勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議訴訟舉證責(zé)任規(guī)范。其三,完善勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任相關(guān)配套政策,建議要完善勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議代理費(fèi)用補(bǔ)助制度、法院協(xié)助調(diào)查通知書(shū)制度、改善勞動(dòng)合作制度、完善法律對(duì)企業(yè)基本管理制度的規(guī)定以及建立勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議訴訟舉證責(zé)任的推定制度。完善勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議舉證責(zé)任制度規(guī)制,公平、公正解決勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議案件,能夠更好地的保證司法效率。
[Abstract]:The change of labor relations, will inevitably lead to new labor disputes emerge in an endless stream, resulting in the labor dispute cases are increasing. How to better solve labor disputes, protect the legitimate rights and interests of both parties are becoming more and more important. Now, the workers of the legal rights consciousness gradually improve, in the face of employer violations, people are no longer silent, but the choice of the legal means to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests of the labor dispute. Both parties need favorable evidence to support each one sticks to his argument, their litigation request, and the allocation of the burden of proof about the appeal can be realized. The judicial practice of dealing with labor disputes are civil disputes rules of burden of proof directly applicable to labor disputes, but has a special labor dispute of its own, if one-sided civil dispute proof regulation applicable to the labor dispute cases, not to dispute A fundamental solution, both sides have attached some of the attributes in the ability, there is a certain gap. Based on this, this paper carried out the system of liability of labor dispute the burden of study, the main content is divided into three parts: firstly, the concept of labor dispute, labor dispute and the particularity of the burden of proof and special legislative requirements this review, at present our country about the labor dispute the burden of proof theory. This paper argues that the labor dispute cases and ordinary civil dispute cases, the applicable scope, different scope of labor dispute cases is wider; second, differences in the distribution of the burden of proof; thirdly, the unequal status of the parties in the labor dispute; fourth, labor dispute cases have a certain degree of independence. The paper analyzes completely the burden of proof, part of the burden of proof, the burden of proof can be divided theory, at the same time, the students Said key points were introduced, such as the theory of law of continental law system, the balance of interests of the Anglo American law system, according to the facts to be proved the classification principle of the allocation of the burden, provide reference for the construction of labor disputes in the allocation of the burden of proof regulations. Secondly, summarize the current situation and problems of the labor dispute the burden of proof, the labor dispute case the analysis of the insufficiency, can try the responsibility of burden of proof in the labor dispute. The detailed labor dispute cases, through in-depth analysis of the labor dispute cases the burden of proof, the burden of proof that the current labor dispute predicament mainly includes three aspects: first, the labor dispute lawsuit burden of proof lack of clear guiding principle; second, the Civil Procedure Law of our country there are inadequacies of the labor dispute lawsuit system of allocating the burden of proof, such as labor dispute proof Responsibility is not reasonable, the regulations on labor disputes in the allocation of the burden of proof is too general, operability is not strong, the current legislation can not meet the needs of the labor dispute lawsuit burden of proof; thirdly, "who advocates, who the burden of proof is the unlimited expansion of application". The type, determine the responsibility of labor dispute proof countermeasures, this the necessity of perfecting the legislation of labor dispute the burden of the labor dispute the burden of proof, clear value orientation of the legislation, the suggestions from two perspectives of procedural justice and procedural benefit. Secondly, determine the distribution system of labor dispute the burden of proof, reasonable positioning of the labor dispute the burden distribution system, establish the classification of labor dispute lawsuit the burden of proof standard. Third, improve the responsibility of labor dispute proof related policies, suggestions to improve the labor dispute agency fee subsidy system, to help the court Check the notice system, improve the labor cooperation system, perfecting the legal provisions of the basic management system of enterprises and the establishment of the labor dispute lawsuit system of presumption of burden of proof. Perfecting the system of liability of labor dispute proof regulation, fairness, justice to resolve labor disputes, to ensure judicial efficiency better.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.591

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