本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于免疫算法及蟻群算法的應(yīng)急物資儲備庫選址研究　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：近年來,世界范圍內(nèi)氣候條件變化明顯,導(dǎo)致各類突發(fā)事件頻發(fā),給各國的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會帶來了嚴(yán)重災(zāi)難,使人們蒙受生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)的雙重?fù)p失。此外,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的不斷發(fā)展,人們的生產(chǎn)、生活方式發(fā)生了巨大的改變,導(dǎo)致人口集聚化、產(chǎn)業(yè)集中化等社會現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn),并由此加劇了突發(fā)事件的危害性。突發(fā)災(zāi)害事件給經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會帶來的嚴(yán)重影響,對應(yīng)急救援資源的管理與配送提出了嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn),而科學(xué)合理的應(yīng)急物資選址是適時(shí)、快速地提出應(yīng)急救援方案的前提,也是應(yīng)急物資儲備庫救援資源效益最大化的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。論文通過對研究背景的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)我國在應(yīng)急救援領(lǐng)域存在的問題,并在總結(jié)國內(nèi)外應(yīng)急救援研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,明確本文的研究方向;同時(shí),通過對應(yīng)急物資儲備庫選址的相關(guān)理論及常用選址模型的梳理,為后文的研究奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)選址理論研究現(xiàn)狀和應(yīng)急救援管理存在的問題,在結(jié)合應(yīng)急物資儲備庫選址特征的基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出受災(zāi)點(diǎn)需求權(quán)重問題、選址問題以及儲備庫分級問題,并分別構(gòu)建模型,給出相應(yīng)的求解方法。首先,本文對受災(zāi)點(diǎn)需求權(quán)重預(yù)測進(jìn)行研究,利用主成分分析法,使用SPSS求解需求權(quán)重影響因子的數(shù)值,結(jié)合需求權(quán)重特征,構(gòu)建需求權(quán)重預(yù)測模型,并以吉林省為實(shí)例,通過編程求解,得到各地市(區(qū))的需求權(quán)重。其次,結(jié)合應(yīng)急救援呈現(xiàn)獨(dú)特的救災(zāi)時(shí)效性需求,以及應(yīng)急救援過程中涉及的動態(tài)救援物資配送問題,從需求覆蓋和最優(yōu)路徑兩個(gè)方面建立目標(biāo)函數(shù),分別構(gòu)建基于需求距離最小模型和基于最優(yōu)路徑模型。在模型求解過程中,運(yùn)用免疫算法解決應(yīng)急物資儲備庫選址問題中的需求覆蓋問題,得到初級選址方案;接著,運(yùn)用蟻群算法解決最優(yōu)路徑問題,在初級選址方案的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)行儲備庫分級,確定最終選址方案。最后,以吉林省應(yīng)急物資儲備庫選址為算例,通過Matlab編程,對上述選址模型進(jìn)行了有效性和實(shí)用性驗(yàn)證,并為吉林省應(yīng)急儲備庫分級建設(shè)工作提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the change of climate conditions in the world is obvious, which leads to frequent occurrence of all kinds of unexpected events, brings serious disasters to the economy and society of various countries, and makes people suffer double losses of life and property. With the development of economy and society, people's production and life style have changed greatly, resulting in the emergence of social phenomena such as population agglomeration, industrial concentration and so on. As a result, it intensifies the harmfulness of emergency events, which brings serious impact to economy and society, and poses a severe challenge to the management and distribution of emergency rescue resources. And the scientific and reasonable location of emergency materials is a timely, rapid emergency rescue program premise, but also the key link to maximize the efficiency of emergency material storage and rescue resources. The paper through the analysis of the research background. Find out the existing problems in the field of emergency rescue in China, and on the basis of summarizing the current situation of emergency rescue research at home and abroad, make clear the research direction of this paper; At the same time, by combing the relevant theories and common location models of emergency material storage, the paper lays a theoretical foundation for the later research. According to the current situation of location theory and the problems of emergency rescue management. Based on the characteristics of emergency material storage location, this paper puts forward the problem of the weight of disaster point demand, the problem of location selection and the classification of the reserve, and builds the model respectively, and gives the corresponding solution method. In this paper, the demand weight prediction of the disaster point is studied. Using principal component analysis, SPSS is used to solve the value of demand weight influence factor, and combining the demand weight characteristics, the demand weight prediction model is constructed. And take Jilin Province as an example, through programming solution, get the weight of the demand of each prefecture (district). Secondly, combined with emergency rescue presents a unique demand for the timeliness of disaster relief. As well as the dynamic relief material delivery problem involved in the emergency rescue process, the objective function is established from two aspects: demand coverage and optimal path. In the process of solving the model, the immune algorithm is used to solve the demand coverage problem in the emergency material reserve location problem, and the primary location scheme is obtained. Then, the ant colony algorithm is used to solve the optimal path problem. On the basis of the primary site selection scheme, the reserve bank classification is carried out to determine the final location scheme. Finally, the emergency material reserve location in Jilin Province is taken as an example. Through Matlab programming, the validity and practicability of the above model are verified, and the theoretical basis is provided for the graded construction of emergency reserve in Jilin Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D63;TP18

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本文編號：1408506