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  本文關鍵詞：馬克思生存論視角下思想政治教育內容研究　出處：《西南大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 馬克思生存論 思想政治教育內容 內容構成

【摘要】：人的生存離不開人觀念性地把握這個世界,因為觀念性地把握這個世界是人認識這個世界的基本方式之一。思想政治教育作為促進人生存和發(fā)展的一項教育實踐活動,是通過改造人的主觀世界來實現(xiàn)這一目的的。也就是說思想政治教育是向教育對象傳授思想觀念來實現(xiàn)促進人的生存和發(fā)展,而這些思想觀念應該是什么樣的內容,這是思想政治教育內容所必須要涉及到的。馬克思生存論立足于人的實踐基礎之上,將人的生存視為人的實踐活動過程的不斷展開。按照馬克思生存論的觀點,人的生存集中表現(xiàn)在人與自然、人與社會和人與自身三個維度,人生存的過程也就是人處理人同自然界、人同社會和人同自身關系的過程,正是在處理這幾對關系的過程中人實現(xiàn)著自身的生存和發(fā)展。也就是說人要觀念性地把握這個世界必定離不開觀念性的把握這三個維度的關系。所以思想政治教育內容也應該從這三層關系下來考慮,所謂馬克思生存論視角下思想政治教育內容的研究就是從人與自然、人與社會和人與自身三個維度來考察思想政治教育內容的構成。第一部分,對馬克思生存論視角下思想政治教育內容的科學把握以及必要性和重要性考察。馬克思生存論包含著豐富的關于人生存和發(fā)展的思想,對考察人的生存和發(fā)展有著重要的指導意義,馬克思生存論三個維度為思想政治教育內容的選擇和組織提供了一個新視角�？梢钥吹�,一方面,現(xiàn)實的人是馬克思生存論與思想政治教育內容二者共同的研究起點;思想政治教育本質、價值和目的要求思想政治教育內容要促進人的生存和發(fā)展;思想政治教育作為人的生存活動參與到人的生存中也要求其內容要關注到的人的生存和發(fā)展。另一方面,從馬克思生存論視角研究思想政治教育內容也夯實了思想政治教育的學科屬性;進一步深化了思想政治政治教育內容的研究;也是思想政治教育內容人文關懷的體現(xiàn)�；诖丝梢钥吹綇鸟R克思生存論視角下研究思想政治教育內容是非常必要的。第二部分,從馬克思生存論視角下考察人的生存,其思想主要表現(xiàn)為以下幾個方面。首先,從馬克思生存論人與自然的關系來看。人雖然是從自然界中產(chǎn)生但又不僅僅只是停留于自然界之中,它是從自然界中躍升出來的“有意識地存在物”,具有自然屬性的同時也是有意識、有思想的存在物。其次,從馬克思生存論人與社會的關系來看。人是處于現(xiàn)實社會生活中的人,人類社會為其提供各種生存和發(fā)展的資料,人具有社會性的一面。社會性一方面表現(xiàn)為人是人類社會中一員,他必須要習得這個社會的基本關系;另一方面,人的社會性還表現(xiàn)在人還是處于特定國家之中的人,從這個角度出發(fā)人必須建立起同這個國家的特定關系,這些社會關系建立的過程其實就是人社會化的過程。再次,從馬克思生存論人與自身的關系來看。一方面,人首先是生命體的存在,其生命的存在是人其他一切活動得以開展的前提;另一方面,因為人是有意識地存在,所以人還是精神性的存在物,他離不開對精神的需要,本身也生產(chǎn)精神產(chǎn)品,具有精神性。第三部分,人自然屬性的一面要求人的生存和發(fā)展必須同自然保持內在的平衡,不能以犧牲自然界作為人生存和發(fā)展的基礎,也就是要求人與自然界的和諧共生。所以從這樣的角度出發(fā)可以將生態(tài)文明的教育內容即生態(tài)意識、生態(tài)道德和生態(tài)信念納入到思想政治教育內容的框架體系內。思想政治教育內容要關注人的生存和發(fā)展,從人與社會關系來看就是要求思想政治教育內容要滿足人的社會化。所以就必須將社會基礎層面的教育內容,即政治教育、法律教育和道德教育作為思想政治教育內容的構成部分。之外,也必須將國家主導層面的教育內容,即思想理論教育和理想信念教育作為思想政治教育的內容。所以就要將生命關懷的教育內容即生命寶貴的教育、生命意志的教育和生命意義的教育以及精神關懷的教育內容即心理健康的教育、道德信仰的教育和精神信念的教育作為思想政治教育的內容。第四部分,人作為“有意識”的存在物,在意識的指導下進行著活動,從這個角度講,思想政治教育內容內必須要包含促進人思想生成的內容。因為馬克思的世界觀、人生觀和價值觀是作為人們認識這個世界所必須具備的基本思想,所以必須將此納入思想政治教育的內容之中。這樣的教育內容可以促進人的類本質形成的同時也有利于實現(xiàn)人與自然界的和諧共生,這也是馬克思生存論人與自然維度下人的生存要求的體現(xiàn)。因為這兩個層面的內容實際上是為人在這個社會中生存和發(fā)展提供了基本的外在準則和內在要求,所以這樣的教育內容可以促進人的社會本質的形成和人與社會的和諧發(fā)展,這也是馬克思生存論人與社會維度下人的生存要求的體現(xiàn)。由此,思想政治教育內容還需要關注到人生命的存在,關注人生命的意義;其次是要滿足人精神發(fā)展的需要,在滿足人的精神需要的基礎上促進人主體本質的形成。這樣的教育內容可以促進人的主體本質的形成和人與自身矛盾關系的和解,這是馬克思生存論人與自身維度下人生存意義的體現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The survival of people cannot do without the concept of understanding the world, because of the concept of grasping the world is one of the basic ways of understanding the world. Ideological and political education is to promote human survival and development of an educational practice, through the transformation of people's subjective world to achieve this purpose. That is to say the ideological and political education is to teach the concept to the education object to promote people's survival and development, and these ideas should be what kind of content, it is necessary to relate to the content of the ideological and political education. On the basis of the practice of Marx's existentialism based on the human existence as a human practice the process of expanding. According to Marx's existential view of human existence focuses on man and nature, man and society and man and its three dimensions, the process of life is the same person With the process of human nature, society and people with their relationship, it is in the process of dealing with several pairs of relations in the people to achieve their own survival and development. That is to say people should grasp the concept of the world certainly cannot do without grasping the idea of the three dimensions. So the content of Ideological and political education should also be considered down from the three relationships, research on the content of Ideological and political education from the perspective of the so-called Marx life is from man and nature, man and society and man and constitute the three dimensions to examine the contents of the ideological and political education. The first part of Marx's existential content of Ideological and political education from the perspective of scientific understanding and the necessity and importance of study. Marx survival theory contains rich thoughts about human survival and development, has important guiding significance to the survival and development of people, Marx on the existence of three dimensions The selection and organization of the content of Ideological and political education provides a new perspective. We can see that on the one hand, the real man is content of Marx's theory of existence and the ideological and political education of the two common starting point; the essence of Ideological and political education, value and purpose of Ideological and political education content to promote the survival and development of people; the survival and development of the ideological and political education as the survival activities to human survival also requires that its content should pay attention to the people. On the other hand, from the perspective of research on the ideological and political education but also reinforce the discipline of ideological and political education from Marx survive; further deepen the study of the contents of Ideological and political education of politics; also the contents of Ideological and political education of humanistic care. Based on this can be seen from the perspective of Marx's existential content of Ideological and political education is very necessary. The second part, from the Investigate the survival of Marx's existential perspective, the idea is as follows. First, on the relationship between man and nature from Marx to survive. People are not only just stay in nature from nature, it is jumped from the nature of "conscious existence" at the same time, has the nature of conscious existence, thinking. Secondly, from Marx on the existence of the relationship between man and society. People are the people in the real social life, survival and development of human society to provide a variety of information to the side, people with social. On the one hand the social performance who is a member of the human society, he must have the basic relationship between the acquisition of the society; on the other hand, human society is also reflected in the people in a particular country or among the people, from this point of view must be established From the specific relationship with the state, process of establishing these social relations is actually a process of socialization. Thirdly, from Marx on the existence of the relationship between people and themselves. On the one hand, the first is the existence, the existence of life is all other activities to be carried out on the premise; on the other hand, because the person is conscious, so people or spiritual existence, he cannot do without the need for the spirit itself is the spirit of the production of products, with the spirit of human nature. In the third part, a requirement of human survival and development must maintain internal balance with nature, not at the expense of nature as the basic human survival and development, also is the request of human and nature harmony. So from this point of view can be the content of education of ecological civilization is the ecological consciousness, ecological ethics and ecological belief into thought The framework of system of political education content. The content of Ideological and political education should pay attention to the survival and development of people, from the relationship between man and society is the requirement of Ideological and political education to meet the society. So it must be the education content of social basic level, which is part of the political education, legal education and moral education as the ideological content political education. Besides, the content of education must also be national leading level, namely, ideological education and the ideal faith education as the content of Ideological and political education. So we should put the teaching of life care is a valuable life education, life education content will education and the meaning of life education and mental or psychological care health education, moral belief education and spiritual education as the content of Ideological and political education. The fourth part, as the "existence of consciousness", In under the guidance of activities, from this perspective, we must promote the ideological content generated contains the contents of Ideological and political education. Because of Marx's world outlook, outlook on life and values as people understand the basic idea must have in this world, so this must be included in the content of Ideological and Political Education the content of education. This can promote the formation of the essence and also to achieve the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, Marx this is the existential dimension of man and nature of human existence. Because of this, the requirements of the two aspects of the content is actually provided external basic principles and internal requirements for people living in the development of society and education, so that can promote the harmonious development of the formation of the social nature of man and man and society, this is Marx on the existence of man and society The requirements of the dimensions of human survival will. Thus, the contents of Ideological and political education also need to pay attention to people's life, people pay attention to the meaning of life; second is the need to satisfy the spiritual development, meet the spiritual needs of the people on promoting the formation of subjective essence of educational content. This can promote the formation and the subject nature of human being and its contradiction between reconciliation, which is reflected in Marx's existential dimensions and their human existence significance.

【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：A81

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