本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國法官辦案責(zé)任制研究　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 法官辦案責(zé)任制 法官責(zé)任 責(zé)任追究機制

【摘要】：法官辦案責(zé)任制提倡法官根據(jù)自己的理性和法律知識,不考慮其他外在因素,作出客觀的判斷。法官保證司法公正是法官職業(yè)道德的主要內(nèi)容之一,司法公正包括實體公正和程序公正。法官辦案責(zé)任制讓法官在責(zé)任追究的規(guī)制下,重視按照程序辦理案件。法官辦案責(zé)任制從實體和程序上解決"審者不判,判者不審"帶來的問題,實現(xiàn)司法公正。法官辦案責(zé)任制明確了法官的權(quán)力范圍和職責(zé)范圍,對法官、合議庭、審判委員會之間的關(guān)系重新定位,廢除了院長、庭長審批制,組建專業(yè)的審判團隊,讓院長、庭長參與一線辦案,提高了審判效率。從法官辦案責(zé)任制的三種責(zé)任模式入手,在法官員額制的推行下,由法官遴選委員會確認選拔出法官,獨立享有審判權(quán)并承擔(dān)相應(yīng)責(zé)任。法官責(zé)任制作為權(quán)責(zé)統(tǒng)一的制度,明確了法官責(zé)任追究制的主體資質(zhì)要求,確定了法官的權(quán)責(zé)范圍,改善了法官權(quán)責(zé)一致問題及追責(zé)問題,有助于實現(xiàn)審判獨立和司法公正,保障法官及時有效的裁判案件,提高案件審判質(zhì)量和效率。立足于我國現(xiàn)行的法官辦案責(zé)任制的現(xiàn)狀,各地法院為了配合法官辦案責(zé)任制的推行,改革審判權(quán)運行機制,以還權(quán)給法官,加強法官的責(zé)任,促進法官權(quán)責(zé)統(tǒng)一。但是法官辦案責(zé)任制仍存在許多問題,比如在法官的選任管理上,法官選任標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模糊,各地選任制度不統(tǒng)一,法官管理指標(biāo)化嚴(yán)重,對行政化的依附嚴(yán)重。未進入員額的法官,如何分流來保障法院人才不流失都是法官選任管理制度上不可回避的問題。對于法官的辦案質(zhì)量和日常工作考核完全依靠指標(biāo),過于機械化。在審理機制上,合議庭形合實獨,合議庭共同負責(zé)制名存實亡。審判委員會作為討論疑難、復(fù)雜案件的機構(gòu),成為法官、合議庭規(guī)避自身風(fēng)險的避風(fēng)港。這主要是因為審判委員會組成人員行政化嚴(yán)重,討論案件范圍不明,討論規(guī)則沒有明確規(guī)定,無法實現(xiàn)設(shè)置審判委員會的初衷。對法官辦案的責(zé)任,沒有明確的追究范圍和標(biāo)準(zhǔn),追究程序上紀(jì)檢部門的監(jiān)督成為重要的一部分。與西方國家的法官辦案責(zé)任制與法官任職保障制度相輔相成的情況相比,我國缺少完善的法官任職保障制度。為了完善現(xiàn)有的法官辦案責(zé)任制,在確定法官員額的前提下,將具有豐富審判經(jīng)驗的精英法官選拔出來,法官助理分擔(dān)法官非審判性事務(wù),靈活的考核法官業(yè)務(wù)。為了實現(xiàn)合議庭共同負責(zé)制,建立固定的合議庭,讓合議庭成員發(fā)回各自的作用。從1954年《人民法院組織法》規(guī)定審判委員會制度到全國各地法院建立審判委員會并運行,審判委員會已經(jīng)成為法院組織不可缺少的一部分。審判委員會的組成人員中應(yīng)當(dāng)加入具有豐富審判經(jīng)驗的法官,借鑒江蘇省江陰市設(shè)置了法官會議來為審判委員會篩選案件的經(jīng)驗,在案件進入到審判委員會之前建立案件篩選制度。比照指導(dǎo)案例的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來限定審判委員會討論案件的范圍,確保進入審判委員會的案件可能會成為同類案件中的具有指導(dǎo)性意義的案件。改變審判委員會的議事規(guī)則,法官在做案情匯報時同時移送案卷材料,案情匯報內(nèi)容要詳細介紹案情,提高決定的質(zhì)量。細化了法官、合議庭、審判委員會等各類人員的職責(zé),明確法官和合議庭其他成員之間的責(zé)任。法官決定在進入合議庭討論之前的實體上和程序上的事項,并對在合議庭討論案件時,法官對案情介紹的客觀性及全面性負責(zé)。法官的追責(zé)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),應(yīng)依據(jù)法官的違法違紀(jì)行為作出判斷,結(jié)合法官的主觀方面確定。為了完善法院內(nèi)部的監(jiān)督機制,可以將法院內(nèi)部監(jiān)督機制系統(tǒng)化,分為投訴建議機構(gòu)、監(jiān)察機構(gòu)、起訴機構(gòu),并配有相應(yīng)有法律背景的人員。對于法官的任期,采取終身制的做法與我國現(xiàn)有的法官素質(zhì)無法匹配,應(yīng)當(dāng)采取法官任期制,用法院級別設(shè)置法官級別的做法代替十二級法官的做法,破除了法官行政化的等級制度,保障了法官的獨立性和各級法院法官隊伍的穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:The judge handling the responsibility to promote the judge according to their rational and legal knowledge, without considering other factors, to make an objective judgment. The judge that justice is one of the main content of judge's occupation moral justice, including substantive justice and procedural justice. The judge handling regulation responsibility system let the judges in accountability, attention in accordance with the procedures handling of the case. The judge handling the responsibility from entity and procedure to solve is not the trial judge who sentenced persons without trial "problem, the realization of judicial justice. The judge handling the responsibility to clear the scope of authority and duty of a judge to judge, the collegial panel, the relationship between the judicial committee re positioning, the abolition of the president the examination and approval system, set up the specialized trial team, let the president, President participated in handling line, improve the efficiency of the trial. The judge handling the responsibility system of the three modes of responsibility in the system of judges The implementation, by the selection committee of judges to confirm the selection of judges, independent judicial power and assume responsibility. The judge responsibility system for unified responsibility system, clear the liability of the main qualification requirements, determine the judge responsibilities and improve the judge responsibilities consistent with the problem and responsibility issues, contribute to the realization of judicial independence and justice, safeguard judges promptly and effectively, improve the quality and efficiency of the trial. Based on the current situation of China's current judge handling the responsibility system, in order to fit around the court judge handling the responsibility system for the implementation of operation mechanism of judicial reform, also the right to judge, strengthen the responsibility of judges, to promote justice responsibilities unity. But the judge handling the responsibility system there are still many problems, such as the selection and management of the judge, the judge selection standard is vague, around the selection system is not unified, management refers to the judge The standard is serious, depending on the administration of the serious. Did not enter the posts of judges, how to ensure no loss of talent shunt court judge selection management system is an unavoidable problem. To judge the quality of handling and daily assessment depend entirely on the index, too. In the case of mechanical mechanism, the collegial panel of Hypotaxis the real independence, the common responsibility of the collegial panel in name only. The judicial committee as discussed difficult, complex cases, to become a judge, the collegial panel to avoid the risk of their own shelter. This is mainly because the trial committee composed of personnel administration is serious, discuss the cases of unknown, discuss the rules are not clearly defined, can not achieve the setting of the judicial committee of the original intention. The judge's responsibility, there is no clear accountability scope and standards, procedures for supervision and discipline inspection departments become an important part of the western countries. And the judge handling the case. Compared with the system and judge office security system complement each other, our country lacks perfect judges security system. In order to improve the existing judge handling the responsibility system, in the premise of judge posts, with rich trial experience of elite selection of judges, judge assistant judge sharing non trial affairs, flexible business appraisal of judges in order to realize the common responsibility of the collegial panel, established a collegial panel for the members of the collegial panel for their roles. From 1954 "people's Court Organization Law > provisions of the judicial committee system to the court trial committee established all over the country and run, the judicial committee has become a part of the court organization indispensable. Members of the judicial committee shall join the judges with rich trial experience, learn from Jiangsu city in Jiangyin Province set up a meeting to judge judicial committee screening cases Experience into the trial committee before the establishment of the case screening system in the case. According to guiding case standard to define the judicial committee to discuss the scope of the case, to ensure access to the judicial committee of the case may be similar in the case of the guiding significance of the change of the rules of procedure of the judicial committee. The case, the judge in the case report and transfer files to do the material, case reports to details of the case, to improve the quality of the decision. Refinement of the judge, the collegial panel, the judicial committee and other staff duties, clear between the judges and other members of the collegial panel's responsibility. The judge decided matters before entering the collegial panel discussion of the entity and the procedure, and in the collegial panel discussion when the case, the judge responsible for the objectivity and comprehensiveness. The judge's responsibility standard, should be based on violations of law the judge's judgment,. The subjective aspect of legal officer determined. In order to improve the supervision mechanism within the court, the court internal supervision mechanism of the system can be divided into complaints, advice mechanism, supervision mechanism, prosecution mechanism, and with the corresponding legal background. For the term, take lifelong practice with the current quality of judges can not match the judge, shall take office, instead of twelve judges with the court judge practice level level set approach, get rid of the judge administrative hierarchy, guarantee the stability of judicial independence and judges of the courts at all levels of the team.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D926.2

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本文編號：1391047