在環(huán)境化學領域,手性農(nóng)藥的環(huán)境行為是研究的熱點。超過30%的農(nóng)藥屬于手性化合物。研究手性農(nóng)藥的環(huán)境行為有助于我們理解手性農(nóng)藥在環(huán)境中的進程以及更加全面的評價。本研究選取來自中國不同地區(qū)的三種土壤（北京的堿性土壤,長春的中性土壤,武漢的酸性土壤）來研究手性農(nóng)藥三唑酮在這三種不同類型土壤中對映體轉化及選擇性降解的分子生態(tài)機制。主要結果如下:1)手性農(nóng)藥三唑酮對土壤微生物群落的影響。本文將手性農(nóng)藥三唑酮的外消旋體（Rac）,光學純異構體R（R）和S（S）三種不同形式的化合物添加于三種土壤中并評價微生物群體結構的變化。利用宏基因組學（高通量測序技術）檢查和確定微生物群落結構的變化。結果表明三種空白處理的土壤微生物群落結構不同,土壤微生物的物種豐富度和多樣性大小為:北京>長春>武漢。此外,長春土壤的主要微生物屬于Firmicutes,北京土壤的優(yōu)勢微生物種群是Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria和Acidobacteria是武漢土壤的優(yōu)勢微生物種群。經(jīng)過R,S和Rac處理的土壤中鑒定到的大部分優(yōu)勢細菌種群（從門到屬）表現(xiàn)出明顯的降低。大部分Proteobacte... 

【文章來源】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：104 頁

【學位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
Chapter 1 LITERATURE REVIEW
    1.1 Background
    1.2 Triazole Fungicide
        1.2.1 Triadimefon
        1.2.2 Ecotoxicity of triadimefon
    1.3 Chiral resolution of triazole pesticides
        1.3.1 Chiral HPLC separation of triazole pesticides
        1.3.2 The chiral CE separation of triazole pesticides
        1.3.3 Chiral SFC and GC separation of triazole pesticides
    1.4 Study on environmental behavior of triazole pesticides
        1.4.1 Half-life study
        1.4.2 Study on the selective degradation of enantiomers
        1.4.3 Photochemical and optical physics research and others
    1.5 Soil micro-flora
        1.5.1 Distribution of the microbial communities in the surface and subsurface soil
        1.5.2 The bacterial communities in the soil
    1.6 Measuring the impact of the residual pesticides on the different microbial communities in the soil
        1.6.1 Metagenomics
        1.6.2 DNA sequences analysis
    1.7 Objectives and significances of the study
        1.7.1 The main objectives of this study
        1.7.2 The significances of this study
Chapter 2 Materials and methods
    2.1 Materials
        2.1.1 Chemicals and reagents
        2.1.2 Soils collection and preparation
    2.2 Methods
        2.2.1 Experimental design
        2.2.2 Enantiomerization and degradation method
        2.2.3 High throughput sequences technology
Chapter 3 The impact of the chiral triadimefon compounds on bacterial communities in different types of soils
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Material and Method
        3.2.1 Chemical and soils collection and preparation
        3.2.2 Experimental design
        3.2.3 High throughput sequences technology
    3.3 Results and discussion
        3.3.1 Sequencing and bacterial diversity indices
        3.3.2 Microbial community comparisons
        3.3.3 OTU distribution under different TF compounds treatments
        3.3.4 Bacteria community structure in blank soils
        3.3.5 Bacteria community structure in TFs contaminated soils
    3.4 The relationship between microbial communities and environmental Parameters
    3.5 Conclusions
Chapter 4 The influence of microbial communities for triadimefon enantiomerization in Soils
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Material and Methods
        4.2.1 Chemical and soils collection and preparation
        4.2.2 Experimental design
        4.2.3 Extraction methods
        4.2.4 Analytical procedure
        4.2.5 Statistical analysis
        4.2.6 High-throughput sequencing
    4.3 Results and discussion
        4.3.1 Enantiomerization of Triadimefon in different soils
        4.3.2 OTUs and Bacterial Community Species Diversity
        4.3.3 Variation in Bacterial Community Composition
        4.3.4 Correlations between major bacterial groups and triadimefon enantiomerization
        4.3.5 Correlations between Major Bacterial Groups and Environmental Factors
    4.4 Conclusion
Chapter 5 The influence of microbial communities on the degradation of triadimefon racemate compound in soils
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Material and methods
        5.2.1 Chemical and soils collection and preparation
        5.2.2 Experimental design
        5.2.3 Extraction methods
        5.2.4 Analytical procedure
        5.2.5 Statistical analysis
        5.2.6 High-throughput sequencing
    5.3 Results and discussion
        5.3.1 Enantioselective and Kinetics Degradation of racemic triadimefon in different soils
        5.3.2 Richness and diversity of microbial communities
        5.3.3 Variation in bacterial community composition
        5.3.4 OTU distribution under different TF compounds treatments
        5.3.5 Certain bacterial taxa related to TF-Rac degradation
        5.3.6 Correlations between major bacterial groups and environmental factors
    5.4 Conclusion
Chapter 6 Summary and perspective work
References
Funding supports
Appendices
Acknowledgement


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
[1]三唑農(nóng)藥的手性拆分及對映體的轉化[J]. 李朝陽,張艷川,李巧玲,王未肖,李景印.  分析化學. 2010(02)
[2]Pesticide soil contamination mainly affects earthworm male reproductive parameters[J]. Eduardo Bustos-Obregón,RogerIziga Goicochea.  Asian Journal of Andrology. 2002(03)



本文編號：3324625