【摘要】：由于甘薯基因組信息的缺乏,有關(guān)甘薯SSR分子標(biāo)記開發(fā)和應(yīng)用的報(bào)道極少,有關(guān)甘薯SNP標(biāo)記的開發(fā)和利用尚未見報(bào)道。本研究用SSR、SNP和形態(tài)學(xué)標(biāo)記分析了甘薯種質(zhì)資源的遺傳多樣性,獲得的主要結(jié)果如下：1.從70對(duì)SSR引物中篩選出30對(duì)多態(tài)性好的SSR引物,對(duì)380份甘薯種質(zhì)資源進(jìn)行擴(kuò)增,共擴(kuò)增出122個(gè)等位基因位點(diǎn),每對(duì)引物擴(kuò)增出的等位基因位點(diǎn)數(shù)為1～9,平均為4.07�；�122個(gè)等位基因位點(diǎn),將380份甘薯種質(zhì)資源劃分為3個(gè)群體,即群體1、群體2和群體3,不能將供試品種按照地理來源區(qū)分開來,系統(tǒng)聚類分析與群體結(jié)構(gòu)分析結(jié)果一致。系統(tǒng)聚類分析結(jié)果表明,地方品種間的平均遺傳距離育成品種與地方品種間的平均遺傳距離育成品種間的平均遺傳距離。遺傳多樣性分析結(jié)果表明,群體1內(nèi)種質(zhì)資源間的遺傳多樣性指數(shù)為0-0.39,多態(tài)信息含量(PIC)為0-0.31；群體2的遺傳多樣性指數(shù)為0-0.40,多態(tài)信息含量為0-0.31；群體3的遺傳多樣性指數(shù)為0-0.49,多態(tài)信息含量為0-0.37。AMOVA分析結(jié)果表明,在380份甘薯種質(zhì)資源的分子變異中,16.47%(P0.001)來源于群體間,83.53%(P0.001)來源于群體內(nèi)。2.首次基于SLAF-seq技術(shù),用300份甘薯種質(zhì)資源開發(fā)SNP標(biāo)記,共開發(fā)出13744個(gè)多態(tài)性SNP位點(diǎn),由不同種質(zhì)資源開發(fā)的等位基因位點(diǎn)數(shù)為1-122,平均為48.39。群體結(jié)構(gòu)分析將300份甘薯種質(zhì)資源劃分為9個(gè)群體,育成品種與地方品種呈現(xiàn)明顯分群。系統(tǒng)聚類分析結(jié)果表明,育成品種與地方品種間的平均遺傳距離地方品種間的平均遺傳距離育成品種間的平均遺傳距離。不同來源地內(nèi)品種間的遺傳多樣性指數(shù)變化范圍不同,最大者為廣東的0.03-0.90；多數(shù)來源地內(nèi)品種間的PIC變化范圍為0.05-0.50。AMOVA分析結(jié)果表明,在300份甘薯種質(zhì)資源的分子變異中,0.05%(P0.001)來源于群體間,0.56%(P0.001)來源于群體內(nèi)品種間,99.39%來源于不同品種間。3.用頂葉形、頂葉缺刻型、頂葉齒形、頂葉色、葉形、葉缺刻型、葉齒形、葉色、脈基色、柄基色、葉柄主色、莖色、葉脈色、葉側(cè)脈色、產(chǎn)量、烘干率16個(gè)性狀,對(duì)123份甘薯種質(zhì)資源進(jìn)行表型變異分析,結(jié)果表明,除頂葉色、葉色、葉脈色和葉柄主色外,其它性狀均存在較豐富的變異。Person相關(guān)性分析表明,不同性狀之間存在不同程度的相關(guān)性,脈基色與葉脈色相關(guān)性最高(-0.848),脈基色與柄基色相關(guān)性其次(r=0.832),葉側(cè)脈色與其它性狀未表現(xiàn)出相關(guān)性。主成分分析表明,5個(gè)主成分能解釋66.05%的表型變異。用5個(gè)主成分對(duì)123份資源進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)聚類分析,將這些資源劃分為3個(gè)群體,不能將供試品種按照地理來源區(qū)分開來。4.比較3種標(biāo)記的群體結(jié)構(gòu)分析、系統(tǒng)聚類分析以及遺傳多樣性分析結(jié)果,3種標(biāo)記檢測(cè)效率為：SNP標(biāo)記SSR標(biāo)記形態(tài)學(xué)標(biāo)記。
[Abstract]:Due to the lack of genomic information of sweet potato, there are few reports on the development and application of sweet potato SSR molecular markers, but there are no reports on the development and utilization of sweet potato SNP markers. In this study, the genetic diversity of sweet potato germplasm resources was analyzed by SSR,SNP and morphological markers. The main results were as follows: 1. 30 pairs of SSR primers with good polymorphism were screened out from 70 pairs of SSR primers, and a total of 122 loci were amplified from 380 sweet potato germline resources. The number of loci amplified by each pair of primers was 1 脳 9, with an average of 4.07. Based on 122 loci, 380 sweet potato germplasm resources were divided into 3 populations, namely, population 1, population 2 and population 3. The tested varieties could not be distinguished according to their geographical origin, and the results of systematic cluster analysis were consistent with those of population structure analysis. The results of systematic cluster analysis showed that the average genetic distance between the local varieties and the local varieties was the average genetic distance between the local varieties and the local varieties. The results of genetic diversity analysis showed that the genetic diversity index was 0 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2492695