自激式振動深松機設(shè)計及試驗研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-23 20:35
【摘要】：土壤深松的目的是為了打破硬且厚的犁底層結(jié)構(gòu),在機器深松過程中,耕作阻力大消耗大量的能源,深松費用高。在滿足農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)對土壤加工要求的前提下,減少土壤耕作阻力、降低能源消耗,是國內(nèi)外農(nóng)機研究工作者十分關(guān)注的問題。本論文結(jié)合國家自然科學(xué)基金項目“自激振動深松部件碎土機理與減阻優(yōu)化”(項目編號：51175354)開展研究。為了尋求土壤深松機具設(shè)計理論依據(jù),探討了深松機具結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和工作參數(shù)對工作阻力的影響。本研究采用理論分析與試驗研究相結(jié)合的方法,通過深松鏟土槽試驗,研究振動深松部件對牽引阻力的影響；通過對深松機具深松過程的動態(tài)響應(yīng)特性研究,分析振動耕作部件與土壤相互作用規(guī)律、土壤破碎機理、振動部件振動機理,揭示振動深松部件的振動產(chǎn)生原因及振動規(guī)律。通過和深松部件切削土壤過程的模擬仿真,分析以牽引阻力為目標的深松機具的最佳結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),為自激式振動深松機的設(shè)計提供理論依據(jù),進而研制自激式振動深松機。通過樣機田間試驗,檢測所設(shè)計深松機的深松性能及工業(yè)要求是否滿足需要。通過對田間試驗得到的加速度和牽引阻力數(shù)據(jù)處理,研究深松機系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)特性,以及振動部件的振動特性。本研究以自激式振動深松機為研究對象,以牽引阻力最低為目標,借助動力學(xué)分析、試驗研究、數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)相結(jié)合的方法開展研究。主要研究成果如下：(1)分析土壤的動力性質(zhì),通過三軸壓縮試驗及其數(shù)值模擬,研究土壤的剪切性質(zhì)。研究表明,土壤間相對移動產(chǎn)生摩擦力,使土壤間產(chǎn)生剪切力,當(dāng)土壤的剪切力達到土壤的失效應(yīng)力時,土壤發(fā)生破碎。對振動耕作部件的減阻過程分析可知,振動部件牽引力小,碎土效果好。(2)對彈齒式深松鏟和剛性深松鏟進行土槽試驗研究。作業(yè)工程相同時,與剛性深松鏟相比,彈齒式深松鏟牽引阻力減小9.95%,深松比阻減小了14.52%,有較好的深松減阻效果。進行正交試驗的極差分析和方差分析綜合分析,討論鏟柄類型、前進速度、耕深對牽引阻力、功耗、比阻的影響。試驗結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)選用彈齒式深松鏟、前進速度為1m/s、耕深為20cm時,牽引阻力、功耗、深松比阻均出現(xiàn)最小值,表明彈齒式深松鏟更適用的耕深為20cm。由深松鏟的振動分析可知,彈齒式深松鏟的振動主頻率為5.86Hz,剛性深松鏟的振動主頻率為4.39Hz。地表不平和土質(zhì)不均勻等低頻成分導(dǎo)致土壤阻力不斷變化,進而引起彈齒式深松鏟的振動。(3)應(yīng)用LS-DYNA顯示動力學(xué)分析程序,進行深松部件與土壤相互作用的有限元分析分析深松鏟對土壤的作用過程,以及土壤的破碎過程,比較兩種深松鏟土壤的拋土軌跡。結(jié)果表明,彈齒式的最大應(yīng)力發(fā)生在S型鏟柄的第一個彎曲處,土壤擾動范圍大。(4)自激式振動深松機的研制。通過對分層深松機工作過程的數(shù)值模擬,以牽引阻力最小為試驗指標,前進速度V,前后鏟耕深差H,前后鏟間距L,進行正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗,建立回歸方程,應(yīng)用MATLAB求出最優(yōu)解。試驗結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)前進速度V=1.06m/s,前后鏟耕深差H=95mm,前后鏟間距L=402mm,牽引阻力達到最小值F=4.2kN。根據(jù)最優(yōu)的工作參數(shù),對分層深松機構(gòu)的工作過程進行仿真,研究分層深松機構(gòu)深松減阻機理。(5)對設(shè)計樣機進行田間試驗。對土壤的物理參數(shù)進行測量,結(jié)果表明在地表下30cm處土壤堅實度達到最大值。深松機性能試驗結(jié)果分析表明：深松機工作穩(wěn)定,入土行程較短,為2.2m。平均松土深度為30.2cm,松土深度穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)為97.9%。(6)自激式振動深松機系統(tǒng)動態(tài)響應(yīng)特性分析。對田間試驗得到的振動加速度和牽引阻力數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,通過預(yù)處理得到振動加速度與牽引阻力時域曲線,彈齒式深松鏟的振動屬于復(fù)雜的周期振動。在前進速度1m/s、耕深為0.3m時,與非振動下的牽引阻力相比,振動下的牽引阻力牽引阻力均值平均減少11.31%,具有明顯的減阻效果。對振動加速度和牽引阻力信號進行頻域分析。深松機振動的主頻率為6.84Hz,振動周期為0.15s。彈齒式深松鏟和彈簧的振動是引起整機振動的兩個主要原因。對深松機振動系統(tǒng)求取傳遞函數(shù),應(yīng)用Routh(勞斯)穩(wěn)定判據(jù)和Bode穩(wěn)定判據(jù),可知深松機振動系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:The purpose of the soil deep loosening is to break the hard and thick plough bottom structure. In the process of deep loosening of the machine, large amount of energy is consumed during the deep loosening of the machine, and the deep loosening cost is high. Under the premise of meeting the requirements of agricultural production on soil processing, reducing soil tillage resistance and reducing energy consumption is a matter of great concern to agricultural machinery research workers at home and abroad. This thesis is combined with the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Mechanism and Drag Reduction Optimization of "Self-excited Vibration Deep Loose Parts" (Item number: 51175354). In order to find the theoretical basis of soil deep loosening tool design, the influence of structure parameters and working parameters on working resistance is discussed. According to the method of theoretical analysis and experimental research, the influence of vibration deep loose parts on traction resistance is studied by soil-soil groove test of deep soil, and the interaction law of vibrating farming parts and soil is analyzed by dynamic response characteristic of deep loosening process of deep loosening tool. The mechanism of soil crushing and the mechanism of vibration component vibration are used to reveal the reason and vibration rule of vibration of vibration-deep loose parts. Through the simulation of the process of cutting the soil through the deep loosening part, the optimum structural parameters of the deep loosening tool with the traction resistance as the target are analyzed, and the theoretical basis is provided for the design of the self-excited vibration deep loosening machine, and the self-excited vibration deep loosening machine is further developed. Through the field experiment of the prototype, it is tested whether the deep loosening performance and the industrial requirements of the designed deep loosening machine meet the needs. The dynamic characteristics and vibration characteristics of the vibration component were studied by data processing of acceleration and traction resistance obtained from field experiments. In this study, the self-excited vibration deep loosening machine was used as the research object, with the lowest traction resistance as the target, and the research was carried out by means of dynamic analysis, experimental research and numerical simulation technology. The main research results are as follows: (1) The dynamic properties of soil are analyzed, and the shear properties of soil are studied by triaxial compression test and numerical simulation. The results show that the relative movement of soil generates friction force, which causes shear force among the soil, and when the shear force of soil reaches the soil's failure stress, the soil is broken. It can be seen from the analysis of drag reduction process of vibrating tillage parts, that the traction of the vibrating part is small and the soil breaking effect is good. (2) To study the soil groove test of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel and the rigid deep loosening shovel. Compared with the rigid deep loosening shovel, the drag resistance of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel is reduced by 9.95% compared with the rigid deep loosening shovel, and the deep loosening ratio resistance is reduced by 14.52% compared with the rigid deep loosening shovel, and the deep loosening drag reducing effect is good. The difference analysis of orthogonal test and analysis of variance analysis were carried out to discuss the effect of shovel handle type, advancing speed, ploughing depth on traction resistance, power consumption and specific resistance. The experimental results show that the minimum value of drag resistance, power consumption and deep loosening ratio of the spring tooth type deep loose shovel is 1m/ s and 20cm depth, which indicates that the depth of ploughing is 20cm more suitable for the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel. According to the vibration analysis of the deep loosening shovel, the vibration main frequency of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel is 5.86Hz, and the vibration main frequency of the rigid deep loosening shovel is 4.39Hz. Low frequency components, such as uneven surface roughness and uneven soil texture, have caused the soil resistance to change continuously, and then the vibration of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel is caused. (3) Using LS-DYNA display dynamics analysis program, finite element analysis of soil interaction between deep soil and soil was carried out. The results show that the maximum stress of the elastic tooth type occurs at the first bend of the S-shaped shovel, and the soil disturbance range is large. (4) Development of self-excited vibration deep loosening machine. Through the numerical simulation of the working process of the layered deep loosening machine, the optimal solution is obtained by using MATLAB to establish the regression equation with the minimum drag resistance as the test index, the forward speed V, the front and rear shoveling depth difference H, the front and rear shovel distance L, and the orthogonal rotation combination test. The results show that when the forward speed V = 1. 06m/ s, the depth difference of the front and rear shovels is H = 95mm, the distance L of the front and back shovel is L = 402mm, and the traction resistance reaches the minimum value F = 4.2kN. According to the optimum operating parameters, the working process of the layered deep loosening mechanism is simulated, and the mechanism of deep loosening and drag reduction of the layered deep loosening mechanism is studied. (5) performing field test on the design prototype. The physical parameters of the soil were measured, and the results showed that the soil firmness reached the maximum at 30cm below the surface. The results show that the operation of the deep loosening machine is stable, the stroke is short, and it is 2.2m. The average depth was 30. 2cm and the depth stability coefficient was 97. 9%. (6) Dynamic response characteristic analysis of self-excited vibration deep loosening system. The vibration acceleration and traction resistance data obtained in the field experiment are analyzed, and the vibration acceleration and drag resistance time domain curve are obtained by pre-processing, and the vibration of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel belongs to complex periodic vibration. When the advancing speed is 1m/ s and the ploughing depth is 0. 3m, the average reduction of traction resistance traction resistance under vibration is 11.31% compared with the traction resistance under non-vibration, and has obvious drag reduction effect. Frequency domain analysis of vibration acceleration and traction resistance signal is carried out. The main frequency of the vibration of the deep loosening machine is 6.84Hz and the vibration period is 0. 15s. The vibration of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel and spring is the main cause of the vibration of the whole machine. In order to obtain the transfer function for the vibration system of the deep loosening machine, the Routh stability criterion and the Bode stability criterion are applied to know the stability of the vibration system of the deep loosening machine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S222
本文編號：2290392
[Abstract]:The purpose of the soil deep loosening is to break the hard and thick plough bottom structure. In the process of deep loosening of the machine, large amount of energy is consumed during the deep loosening of the machine, and the deep loosening cost is high. Under the premise of meeting the requirements of agricultural production on soil processing, reducing soil tillage resistance and reducing energy consumption is a matter of great concern to agricultural machinery research workers at home and abroad. This thesis is combined with the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Mechanism and Drag Reduction Optimization of "Self-excited Vibration Deep Loose Parts" (Item number: 51175354). In order to find the theoretical basis of soil deep loosening tool design, the influence of structure parameters and working parameters on working resistance is discussed. According to the method of theoretical analysis and experimental research, the influence of vibration deep loose parts on traction resistance is studied by soil-soil groove test of deep soil, and the interaction law of vibrating farming parts and soil is analyzed by dynamic response characteristic of deep loosening process of deep loosening tool. The mechanism of soil crushing and the mechanism of vibration component vibration are used to reveal the reason and vibration rule of vibration of vibration-deep loose parts. Through the simulation of the process of cutting the soil through the deep loosening part, the optimum structural parameters of the deep loosening tool with the traction resistance as the target are analyzed, and the theoretical basis is provided for the design of the self-excited vibration deep loosening machine, and the self-excited vibration deep loosening machine is further developed. Through the field experiment of the prototype, it is tested whether the deep loosening performance and the industrial requirements of the designed deep loosening machine meet the needs. The dynamic characteristics and vibration characteristics of the vibration component were studied by data processing of acceleration and traction resistance obtained from field experiments. In this study, the self-excited vibration deep loosening machine was used as the research object, with the lowest traction resistance as the target, and the research was carried out by means of dynamic analysis, experimental research and numerical simulation technology. The main research results are as follows: (1) The dynamic properties of soil are analyzed, and the shear properties of soil are studied by triaxial compression test and numerical simulation. The results show that the relative movement of soil generates friction force, which causes shear force among the soil, and when the shear force of soil reaches the soil's failure stress, the soil is broken. It can be seen from the analysis of drag reduction process of vibrating tillage parts, that the traction of the vibrating part is small and the soil breaking effect is good. (2) To study the soil groove test of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel and the rigid deep loosening shovel. Compared with the rigid deep loosening shovel, the drag resistance of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel is reduced by 9.95% compared with the rigid deep loosening shovel, and the deep loosening ratio resistance is reduced by 14.52% compared with the rigid deep loosening shovel, and the deep loosening drag reducing effect is good. The difference analysis of orthogonal test and analysis of variance analysis were carried out to discuss the effect of shovel handle type, advancing speed, ploughing depth on traction resistance, power consumption and specific resistance. The experimental results show that the minimum value of drag resistance, power consumption and deep loosening ratio of the spring tooth type deep loose shovel is 1m/ s and 20cm depth, which indicates that the depth of ploughing is 20cm more suitable for the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel. According to the vibration analysis of the deep loosening shovel, the vibration main frequency of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel is 5.86Hz, and the vibration main frequency of the rigid deep loosening shovel is 4.39Hz. Low frequency components, such as uneven surface roughness and uneven soil texture, have caused the soil resistance to change continuously, and then the vibration of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel is caused. (3) Using LS-DYNA display dynamics analysis program, finite element analysis of soil interaction between deep soil and soil was carried out. The results show that the maximum stress of the elastic tooth type occurs at the first bend of the S-shaped shovel, and the soil disturbance range is large. (4) Development of self-excited vibration deep loosening machine. Through the numerical simulation of the working process of the layered deep loosening machine, the optimal solution is obtained by using MATLAB to establish the regression equation with the minimum drag resistance as the test index, the forward speed V, the front and rear shoveling depth difference H, the front and rear shovel distance L, and the orthogonal rotation combination test. The results show that when the forward speed V = 1. 06m/ s, the depth difference of the front and rear shovels is H = 95mm, the distance L of the front and back shovel is L = 402mm, and the traction resistance reaches the minimum value F = 4.2kN. According to the optimum operating parameters, the working process of the layered deep loosening mechanism is simulated, and the mechanism of deep loosening and drag reduction of the layered deep loosening mechanism is studied. (5) performing field test on the design prototype. The physical parameters of the soil were measured, and the results showed that the soil firmness reached the maximum at 30cm below the surface. The results show that the operation of the deep loosening machine is stable, the stroke is short, and it is 2.2m. The average depth was 30. 2cm and the depth stability coefficient was 97. 9%. (6) Dynamic response characteristic analysis of self-excited vibration deep loosening system. The vibration acceleration and traction resistance data obtained in the field experiment are analyzed, and the vibration acceleration and drag resistance time domain curve are obtained by pre-processing, and the vibration of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel belongs to complex periodic vibration. When the advancing speed is 1m/ s and the ploughing depth is 0. 3m, the average reduction of traction resistance traction resistance under vibration is 11.31% compared with the traction resistance under non-vibration, and has obvious drag reduction effect. Frequency domain analysis of vibration acceleration and traction resistance signal is carried out. The main frequency of the vibration of the deep loosening machine is 6.84Hz and the vibration period is 0. 15s. The vibration of the elastic tooth type deep loosening shovel and spring is the main cause of the vibration of the whole machine. In order to obtain the transfer function for the vibration system of the deep loosening machine, the Routh stability criterion and the Bode stability criterion are applied to know the stability of the vibration system of the deep loosening machine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S222
【相似文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 李江生,唐彥山;915型深松機簡介[J];現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)業(yè);2000年04期
2 劉云;全方位深松機的推廣應(yīng)用[J];新疆農(nóng)機化;2000年02期
3 聶志義;1S-1型振動深松機[J];河北農(nóng)機;2002年05期
4 張軍;1S—2型/3型/5型深松機[J];山西農(nóng)機;2002年05期
5 李全寶;1S-1型振動深松機[J];農(nóng)機具之友;2003年01期
6 周良墉;1S—1型振動深松機[J];山西農(nóng)機;2003年01期
7 邱潤民;鏟式深松機[J];農(nóng)機科技推廣;2004年05期
8 王煥儒;;壟間深松機[J];農(nóng)機具之友;2005年06期
9 王煥儒;;壟間深松機[J];農(nóng)機科技推廣;2005年10期
10 ;1ZL系列全方位聯(lián)合深松機[J];農(nóng)機具之友;2005年02期
相關(guān)會議論文 前3條
1 初旭宏;;振動深松機關(guān)鍵部件的研究[A];紀念中國農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)會成立30周年暨中國農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)會2009年學(xué)術(shù)年會（CSAE 2009）論文集[C];2009年
2 周桂霞;汪春;張偉;;基于人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)深松機關(guān)鍵部件的參數(shù)優(yōu)化[A];農(nóng)業(yè)工程科技創(chuàng)新與建設(shè)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)——2005年中國農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)會學(xué)術(shù)年會論文集第一分冊[C];2005年
3 王瑞麗;李寶筏;邱立春;林靜;;保護性耕作條件下深松機具的研究現(xiàn)狀與展望[A];中國農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)會成立40周年慶典暨2003年學(xué)術(shù)年會論文集[C];2003年
相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前10條
1 孫金華 袁強;深松機的使用與維修[N];中國農(nóng)機化導(dǎo)報;2014年
2 王前;全方位深松機[N];山西科技報;2005年
3 本報記者 趙曉曉;田里來了深松機[N];焦作日報;2011年
4 本報記者 孫紅梅;要做就做精品[N];中國農(nóng)機化導(dǎo)報;2012年
5 記者白璐 楊洪博;深松機:市場火暴卻成“雙刃劍”[N];中國農(nóng)機化導(dǎo)報;2013年
6 記者 徐文君;我省推廣保護性耕作技術(shù)[N];吉林農(nóng)村報;2007年
7 ;1SZ系列多功能振動式深松機[N];江蘇科技報;2004年
8 本報記者 馮建維 通訊員 司振江 李芳花;振動式深松機改土增產(chǎn)[N];中國水利報;2003年
9 省農(nóng)機修造服務(wù)總站 劉志剛 耿立星;機械化振動土壤深松技術(shù)[N];河北科技報;2007年
10 省農(nóng)機推廣總站 聶志義;IS—1型振動深松機[N];河北科技報;2002年
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 馬星;自激式振動深松機設(shè)計及試驗研究[D];沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2016年
2 ABDALLA NOURELDIN OSMAN KHEIRY;交錯振動式深松機的設(shè)計與試驗研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前9條
1 郭金龍;振動深松機的設(shè)計與研究[D];石河子大學(xué);2016年
2 吳海濤;基于CATIA的深松機設(shè)計及有限元分析[D];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2013年
3 李建軍;全方位可調(diào)式深松機的設(shè)計[D];吉林大學(xué);2010年
4 姚靜;行星驅(qū)動式深松機的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計與仿真分析[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年
5 張昭;深松機關(guān)鍵部件有限元分析及優(yōu)化設(shè)計[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2012年
6 荊苗;雙排反向振動深松機的設(shè)計及田間試驗[D];河南理工大學(xué);2012年
7 呂振邦;多功能深松機及其關(guān)鍵部件的設(shè)計與試驗研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2013年
8 張欣;多功能土壤耕作機具設(shè)計與試驗[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年
9 趙翔;全方位松耕機的研究[D];河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2012年
，本文編號：2290392
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/shoufeilunwen/nykjbs/2290392.html
最近更新
教材專著
