豬源HEV-4人工感染新西蘭兔的研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-07-22 10:34
【摘要】:豬源4型戊型肝炎病毒(sHEV-4)已經(jīng)成為重要的人獸共患病原,但用于sHEV-4跨種間感染研究的動物模型種類較少且主要采用非自然感染途徑——靜脈注射,無法客觀重現(xiàn)自然的感染過程。sHEV-4跨種間感染的動物模型的缺乏已成為制約HEV發(fā)病機理研究的瓶頸。本研究以新西蘭兔作為實驗動物構(gòu)建了經(jīng)腹腔注射和灌胃兩種途徑的sHEV-4跨種間感染的動物模型,采用組織病理學(xué)、免疫組織化學(xué)及分子生物學(xué)等方法系統(tǒng)地研究了兩種sHEV-4感染模型中試驗兔排毒過程、器官病理損傷及HEV分布和復(fù)制位點的異同。同時初步探討了腸道黏膜免疫在這兩種不同感染過程中的作用。本研究的結(jié)果如下:1.sHEV-4經(jīng)腹腔注射,灌胃和腸道注射感染兔急性試驗:HEV經(jīng)腹腔注射感染后,可在感染后24h和48h的門靜脈血和肝臟中檢測到HEV RNA,不同時間點肝臟病毒載量無顯著差異;sHEV-4經(jīng)灌胃和腸道注射感染后24h和48h均只在腸道組織中檢測到HEV RNA,腸道注射組腸道的病毒載量高于經(jīng)灌胃感染。灌胃和腸道注射途徑感染24和48h圓小囊(SR)的淋巴細胞活性顯著升高(P0.05),提示HEV經(jīng)灌胃和腸道注射途徑感染激活了腸道黏膜免疫的應(yīng)答反應(yīng)。2.sHEV-4經(jīng)腹腔注射感染兔的觀察結(jié)果:載量為6.63×107copies/mL的病毒懸液經(jīng)腹腔注射連續(xù)感染7d,感染后糞便和咽拭子的HEV RNA檢出率分別為8/8和3/8,病毒的排出呈間斷性。定量結(jié)果顯示糞便排毒量呈先增多后減少的趨勢。血清轉(zhuǎn)氨酶在28dpi和49dpi均顯著升高(P0.05)。血清HEV抗原總檢出率為3/8。42dpi時,血清首次檢測到HEV抗體(1/8)。感染后兔的肝臟和腎臟出現(xiàn)明顯炎性損傷。在肝臟(8/8)、腸道(7/8)等多種組織器官中檢測到HEV RNA,肝臟和腸道組織中的病毒載量最高。免疫組化結(jié)果顯示HEV ORF2主要位于感染器官的上皮組織細胞及淋巴組織中的樹突狀細胞和巨噬細胞胞漿內(nèi)。HEV負鏈RNA和ORF3蛋白的檢測顯示,病毒可以在肝臟、腸道、唾液腺、扁桃體、淋巴結(jié)及脾臟等器官中復(fù)制。與對照組相比,sHEV-4感染可以引起腸道黏膜上皮內(nèi)淋巴細胞(iIEL)和杯狀細胞數(shù)量增多(P<0.05)。圓小囊和蚓突中T細胞總數(shù)及CD4和CD8T細胞亞群數(shù)量在28和49dpi均顯著增多(P0.05)。腸道漿細胞數(shù)量和腸道IgA水平在感染后隨時間延長顯著增多(P0.05),提示HEV經(jīng)腹腔注射感染后機體的腸道黏膜免疫水平升高。3.sHEV-4經(jīng)灌胃途徑感染兔的觀察結(jié)果:相同病毒載量的懸液經(jīng)灌胃感染7d,感染后糞便和咽拭子中的HEV RNA檢出率分別為4/8和1/8。與腹腔注射途徑相比,經(jīng)灌胃感染糞便的病毒排出延遲、持續(xù)時間短,而且病毒的載量低。血清轉(zhuǎn)氨酶水平在49dpi時顯著升高(P0.05),到63dpi時回落到正常水平,但總體低于經(jīng)腹腔注射感染。血清HEV抗原和抗體的檢出率分別為2/8和5/8,抗體出現(xiàn)后持續(xù)性升高。感染后肝臟和腎臟出現(xiàn)炎性損傷,但程度低于腹腔注射感染。HEV RNA在組織器官中的分布的種類及數(shù)量少于腹腔注射感染,主要在肝臟(5/8)和腸道(4/8)中分布。感染后HEV主要在肝臟中復(fù)制,腸道、扁桃體、唾液腺和脾臟等器官中有少量復(fù)制。HEV感染后引起了腸道中iIEL的數(shù)量顯著升高(P0.05),脾臟白髓和淋巴結(jié)中淋巴小結(jié)的直徑顯著增大(P0.05)。感染后49dpi和63dpi,圓小囊和蚓突中T細胞總數(shù)及CD4和CD8T細胞亞群數(shù)量顯著增多(P0.05)。同時腸道、脾臟和淋巴結(jié)中漿細胞的數(shù)量也顯著增多(P0.05),腸道IgA水平升高且高于腹腔注射組(P<0.05)。結(jié)果提示經(jīng)灌胃感染時也可激活機體的腸道黏膜免疫反應(yīng),但HEV的感染效率和HEV對機體造成的損傷作用低于腹腔注射感染輕,而反映體液免疫反應(yīng)和腸道黏膜免疫反應(yīng)狀況的IgG和SIgA水平卻高于腹腔注射感染組。上述研究結(jié)果表明,sHEV-4經(jīng)腹腔注射和灌胃兩個途徑感染新西蘭兔,引起感染兔典型的病毒性肝炎的病理變化,并可造成多種肝外器官的損傷。sHEV-4經(jīng)腹腔注射感染兔的陽性率高,但是灌胃途徑感染能更客觀反應(yīng)在自然感染狀況下病毒進入機體的過程和造成的損傷。由于病毒在唾液腺和扁桃體中的分布,sHEV-4感染兔后能在唾液中排出。此外,病毒能在感染兔的多種組織中分布和復(fù)制,其中肝臟和腸道是主要場所。HEV經(jīng)灌胃感染能更有效的激發(fā)機體的腸道黏膜免疫和體液免疫反應(yīng),HEV感染后引起的腸道黏膜免疫的早期應(yīng)答可能是灌胃感染時糞便及組織中陽性檢出率低于腹腔注射組的原因。本研究結(jié)果表明新西蘭兔可以作為sHEV-4跨種間感染的動物模型。
[Abstract]:The results of this study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The infection of HEV RNA was detected by intraperitoneal injection of HEV - 4 . The results suggest that the infection efficiency of HEV is higher than that in abdominal cavity injection group ( P < 0.05 ) , but the infection efficiency of HEV is higher than that in abdominal cavity injection group ( P < 0.05 ) .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:S858.291
本文編號:2137154
[Abstract]:The results of this study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The results of the study were as follows : 1 . The infection of HEV RNA was detected by intraperitoneal injection of HEV - 4 . The results suggest that the infection efficiency of HEV is higher than that in abdominal cavity injection group ( P < 0.05 ) , but the infection efficiency of HEV is higher than that in abdominal cavity injection group ( P < 0.05 ) .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:S858.291
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相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 吳橋興;豬源HEV-4人工感染新西蘭兔的研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2017年
,本文編號:2137154
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