發(fā)布時間：2017-12-28 07:14

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：黃瓜嫁接苗緩苗智能管理系統(tǒng)的研究　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 響應(yīng)面法(RSM) 黃瓜嫁接 無線技術(shù) 苗品質(zhì) 數(shù)學(xué)模型

【摘要】：嫁接作為一項高效的抗病、增產(chǎn)技術(shù),可解決作物連作障礙,嫁接后的株苗不僅可以克服土傳病害,還可以促進株苗生長、提高產(chǎn)量、增強株苗的抗逆性。嫁接苗緩苗裝置是為剛完成嫁接的株苗提供一個最適宜的人工環(huán)境,加快嫁接苗緩苗速度,提高嫁接苗的成苗率,在整個蔬菜工廠化育苗系統(tǒng)中起著舉足輕重的作用。本文結(jié)合國家高科技發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)“全自動嫁接育苗關(guān)鍵技術(shù)與成套設(shè)備研究”(項目編號:2012AA10A506),以黃瓜嫁接苗為研究對象,提取出黃瓜嫁接苗緩苗期最優(yōu)環(huán)境參數(shù),作為嫁接苗緩苗智能管理系統(tǒng)的控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn);研究不同的嫁接方法和快速生根技術(shù),為嫁接苗高品質(zhì)和高成活率提供理論基礎(chǔ)和依據(jù);結(jié)合生長指標(biāo)和圖像技術(shù)研究黃瓜嫁接苗的品質(zhì)分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及分級模型;構(gòu)建黃瓜嫁接苗緩苗智能管理系統(tǒng)。主要的研究內(nèi)容有:1.提取黃瓜嫁接苗緩苗最優(yōu)環(huán)境信息采用分段管理方式,將嫁接后的黃瓜管理分為2個階段,分別為愈合期和成活期,研究每個階段的最優(yōu)環(huán)境值。愈合期試驗選擇溫度(T)和空氣相對濕度(RH,以下簡稱濕度)2個因素作為變量,分別設(shè)置4水平和2水平進行研究,以愈合率作為指標(biāo)值,建立試驗設(shè)計表。試驗結(jié)果表明,愈合期應(yīng)選擇濕度95%、溫度22~28℃作為其環(huán)境的最優(yōu)管理條件;在愈合期最優(yōu)環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)上進行成活期試驗,選擇3因素進行研究,以溫度(T)3水平、濕度(RH)3水平和光照(L)3水平作為變量,以成活率和假活率作為指標(biāo)值,借助Design-Expert軟件,采用響應(yīng)面法建立試驗設(shè)計表并分析試驗結(jié)果,最終建立了成活率(SR)、假活率(FR)與T、RH和L之間二次回歸方程,綜合環(huán)境對成活率、假活率的影響,并結(jié)合實際情況,得到成活期最佳環(huán)境條件為溫度26±2℃、濕度85±3%、光照3000Lx。2.不同嫁接方法和快速生根技術(shù)采用斷根嫁接與貼接法對黃瓜進行嫁接,研究了這兩種嫁接方式對黃瓜生長、生理特征、和光合指標(biāo)的影響。結(jié)果表明:斷根嫁接法嫁接苗成活率達到99.31%,貼接法嫁接苗成活率為96.53%,且采用斷根嫁接后的株苗尺寸基本一致,便于嫁接機批量化嫁接生產(chǎn);對植株的株高、莖粗、葉面積和根冠比分析,嫁接苗要優(yōu)于自根苗,斷根嫁接苗顯著高于自根苗;對植株根系的根總長、總根表面積、總根投影面積、總根體積和根系活力分析,嫁接苗優(yōu)于自根苗,斷根嫁接苗部分指標(biāo)要顯著優(yōu)于自根苗和貼接法嫁接苗;嫁接提高了黃瓜葉片的凈光合速率,其中斷根嫁接方式下的凈光合速率最大;篩選出適宜砧木再生根系的植物生長調(diào)節(jié)劑濃度和基質(zhì)組合,分別是IBA100ppm和2JZ+1ST(育苗基質(zhì):沙土=2:1)。3.建立嫁接苗品質(zhì)分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及分級模型為克服人眼在對植物病害程度進行定級時易出現(xiàn)誤差、費工費時等缺點,本文提出了一種基于改進GA和聚類混合算法的圖像處理技術(shù),對植物病害程度進行分級。嫁接成活后的嫁接苗完成品質(zhì)分級后再轉(zhuǎn)入日常管理,本研究以株高、莖粗比、葉寬、砧穗切口接合面積和病害等級作為分級指標(biāo),采用動態(tài)聚類算法建立黃瓜嫁接苗品質(zhì)分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。利用圖像處理技術(shù)和數(shù)據(jù)挖掘方法,建立了嫁接苗品質(zhì)分級識別模型,首先通過主成分分析(PCA)、獨立成分分析(ICA)、直方圖-主成分分析(CH-PCA)、灰度共生矩陣(GSM)和不變矩(IM)方法提取了圖像特征,再利用對比判別分析(DA)、RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(RBFNN)、支持向量機(SVM)和相關(guān)向量機(RVM)四種方法進行建模,使用檢驗樣本進行模型驗證。由驗證結(jié)果可知,CH-PCA方法提取的圖像特征參數(shù)、RBFNN方法建立模型和ICA方法提取的特征參數(shù)、RBF核函數(shù)SVM方法建立模型的識別準(zhǔn)確率最高,均達到92.2%。4.構(gòu)建嫁接苗緩苗智能管理系統(tǒng)在上述研究基礎(chǔ)上所開發(fā)出的黃瓜嫁接苗緩苗智能管理系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)3個功能,分別為嫁接苗生長狀況的不間斷監(jiān)測、嫁接苗緩苗環(huán)境的自動測控以及嫁接苗品質(zhì)的自動分級。測控系統(tǒng)下位機控制器以嫁接苗成活的最優(yōu)環(huán)境參數(shù)值為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的總體需求分析,進行了數(shù)據(jù)采集節(jié)點模塊、數(shù)據(jù)中心節(jié)點模塊及控制終端節(jié)點模塊的硬件和軟件設(shè)計,并詳細(xì)介紹了各節(jié)點模塊的工作原理、特性、功能、流程圖以及主要的功能函數(shù),并對各采集功能、傳輸功能和控制功能進行了測試。上位機系統(tǒng)軟件采用Labview編程實現(xiàn),采用模塊化編程技術(shù),實現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)的接收、顯示、存儲,以及參數(shù)設(shè)置、歷史數(shù)據(jù)管理和24小時不間斷全周期對嫁接苗進行監(jiān)測等功能。試驗結(jié)果表明,智能管理系統(tǒng)采集到的參數(shù)信息精準(zhǔn)、傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)確可靠,且能夠按照設(shè)定的方式執(zhí)行外圍機構(gòu),生長監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)采集的圖像清晰,極大地提高了嫁接苗的科學(xué)管理水平和生產(chǎn)效率,為工廠化嫁接苗關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究提供方法和依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Grafting as an effective technology for disease resistance and yield increase can solve crop continuous cropping obstacles. After grafting, seedlings can not only overcome soil borne diseases, but also promote plant growth, yield and seedling stress resistance. The grafted seedling seedling retarding device provides a most suitable artificial environment for the newly completed grafted seedlings. It speeds up the speed of grafted seedlings and improves the seedling rate of grafted seedlings, and plays a decisive role in the whole vegetable factory seedling raising system. Combined with the national high tech Development Program (863 Program) "Research on key technology and equipment of automatic seedling grafting" (project number: 2012AA10A506), the grafted cucumber seedlings as the research object, extract of grafted cucumber seedlings slow seedling stage optimal environment parameters, control standard as grafted seedlings of intelligent management system of different grafting methods; and the rapid rooting technology for grafted seedlings of high quality and high survival rate and provide a theoretical basis and foundation; combined with the growth index and quality grading standard of cucumber grafted seedlings and the technology of image classification model; construction of cucumber grafted seedlings intelligent management system. The main research contents are as follows: 1.. Extract the best environmental information of grafted seedlings from Cucumber Seedlings by segmented management. The management of grafted cucumber is divided into 2 stages, namely healing period and survival period, and the best environmental value of each stage is studied. In the healing period, 2 factors, temperature (T) and air relative humidity (RH, hereinafter referred to as humidity), were selected as variables. They were set up at 4 level and 2 level respectively, and the healing rate was used as the index value. The test results show that the healing period should choose 95% humidity and temperature 22~28 as the optimal management condition of the environment for survival; trial in the healing period optimal environment, 3 factors were studied by temperature (T) 3 (RH) level, humidity and light level of 3 (L) 3 level as variable and as the index value to the survival rate and false rate, with the help of Design-Expert software, the establishment of experimental design and analysis of test results of response surface method, finally established the survival rate (SR), false rate (FR) and T, RH and L two regression equation, comprehensive environmental impact rate of false the survival rate, and combined with the actual situation, get the optimal environmental conditions for the survival period of 26 - 2 DEG C temperature, humidity, light 3000Lx 85 + 3%. 2. different grafting methods and fast rooting techniques were used to grafted cucumber by root grafting and bonding. The effects of these two grafting methods on cucumber growth, physiological characteristics and photosynthetic indexes were studied. The results show that the root grafting survival rate of grafted seedlings reached 99.31%, grafting survival rate of grafted seedlings was 96.53%, and the root grafted seedlings are basically the same size, easy mass production grafting grafting machine; on the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and root shoot ratio of grafted seedlings was better than that of self root, root cutting grafted seedling was significantly higher than that of self rooted plants; analysis of root length, total root surface area, total root area, total root volume and root activity of grafted seedlings was better than that of self root seedlings, root cutting grafted seedling index was significantly better than ZAOJIA and grafting grafted seedlings; grafting increased net photosynthesis of cucumber the net photosynthetic rate, which under the light of root cutting grafted maximum photosynthetic rate; select the suitable rootstock root regeneration plant growth regulator concentration and substrate combination, respectively is IBA100ppm and 2JZ+1ST (substrate: sand soil =2:1). 3. the establishment of grafted seedling quality grading standard and classification model in order to overcome the human eye in the classification of plant disease extent prone to error, time-consuming disadvantages, this paper puts forward a kind of image processing technology and improved GA clustering based on hybrid algorithm, the classification of plant disease degree. After grafting, the grafted seedlings were graded after quality and then transferred to daily management. In this study, plant height, stem width ratio, leaf width, incisional incision area and disease grade were used as grading indicators, and dynamic clustering algorithm was applied to establish quality grading standard of cucumber grafted seedlings. The use of image processing technology and data mining method, established the grafted seedling quality grading identification model, firstly through principal component analysis (PCA), independent component analysis (ICA), principal component analysis (CH-PCA) histogram and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GSM) and moment invariants (IM) method to extract the image features, by contrast discriminant analysis (DA), RBF neural network (RBFNN), support vector machine (SVM) and relevance vector machine (RVM) of four kinds of modeling method, use the samples to verify the model. From the verification results, we can see that the image feature parameters extracted by CH-PCA method, the RBFNN method, the feature parameters extracted from the model and the ICA method, and the RBF kernel function SVM method have the highest recognition accuracy, which reaches 92.2%. 4. construction of grafted seedlings intelligent management system developed on the basis of study of cucumber grafted seedlings intelligent management system can realize 3 functions, respectively. The growth status of grafted seedlings and grafted seedlings of uninterrupted monitoring seedling environment automatic control and automatic grading quality of grafted seedlings. Control system controller with optimal environment parameters of grafted seedling survival value as the foundation, according to the analysis of the overall system requirements, a data acquisition module, data center node and terminal node node module control module hardware and software design, and introduces the working principle, the characteristic and function of each module, and the flow chart the main function, and the acquisition function, transfer function and control function were tested. The host computer system software is programmed by Labview. With modular programming technology, data reception, display and storage are realized, as well as parameter setting, historical data management, and 24 hours continuous cycle monitoring of grafted seedlings. The test results show that the accurate information collected by the intelligent management system and the data transmitted are accurate and reliable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP315;S642.2

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王尚敏;黃瓜嫁接是抗病增產(chǎn)有效措施[J];北方園藝;2001年01期

2 王學(xué)忠;改良黃瓜嫁接技術(shù)[J];天津農(nóng)林科技;2003年01期

3 張兆康,黃國新,毛國忠,葉咸強;黃瓜嫁接技術(shù)[J];上海蔬菜;2004年02期

4 劉斌;;閔行區(qū)開展黃瓜嫁接應(yīng)用示范[J];小康生活;2006年03期

5 ;黃瓜嫁接新技術(shù)“十字形”頂插接[J];現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè);2006年04期

6 戴彥;;黃瓜嫁接新技術(shù)——“十字形”頂插接[J];當(dāng)代蔬菜;2006年08期

7 張淑華;;黃瓜嫁接過程中激素的應(yīng)用[J];黑龍江農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2008年05期

8 ;溫室黃瓜嫁接創(chuàng)新:串接法[J];北方園藝;2009年12期

9 曹建仁;;黃瓜嫁接苗的管理技術(shù)[J];吉林蔬菜;2011年03期

10 ;黃瓜嫁接防治病蟲害[J];蔬菜;1986年03期

相關(guān)會議論文 前2條

1 王艷飛;龐金安;馬德華;李懷智;;黃瓜嫁接栽培研究進展[A];紀(jì)念天津科潤黃瓜研究所建所二十五周年論文摘要集（2001—2010）[C];2010年

2 李新國;李建勇;孟靜靜;何啟偉;;黃瓜嫁接提高黃瓜葉片的低溫抗性[A];2007中國植物生理學(xué)會全國學(xué)術(shù)會議論文摘要匯編[C];2007年

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前10條

1 李素巧;黃瓜嫁接方法[N];農(nóng)民日報;2013年

2 張金煥;黃瓜嫁接優(yōu)點多 掌握方法很重要[N];瓜果蔬菜報.農(nóng)業(yè)信息周刊;2012年

3 辛項;怎樣提高黃瓜嫁接苗的成活率[N];農(nóng)民日報;2013年

4 王玉堂;大棚黃瓜嫁接后咋管理[N];陜西科技報;2008年

5 ;大棚黃瓜嫁接后如何管理[N];吉林農(nóng)村報;2009年

6 靈子;大棚黃瓜嫁接后咋管理[N];新疆科技報(漢);2009年

7 于千桂;黃瓜嫁接苗管理措施[N];云南科技報;2006年

8 張翠霞;黃瓜嫁接中要重視的五點關(guān)鍵技術(shù)[N];東方城鄉(xiāng)報;2008年

9 黃殿瑞;提高溫室黃瓜嫁接苗成活率[N];農(nóng)民日報;2001年

10 山東省棗莊市山亭區(qū)城頭鎮(zhèn)農(nóng)技站 孫言峰;怎樣提高設(shè)施黃瓜嫁接苗成活率[N];河北科技報;2010年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 楊秀玲;黃瓜嫁接幼苗耐鹽光合特性和WSC代謝生理調(diào)控研究[D];甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

2 任順;黃瓜嫁接苗緩苗智能管理系統(tǒng)的研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2016年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前9條

1 魯雪利;黃瓜嫁接苗快速生根技術(shù)研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2016年

2 蘇媛;黃瓜嫁接愈合過程中生物、化學(xué)變化與解剖構(gòu)造的觀察[D];內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2007年

3 胡艷青;黃瓜嫁接初期生物學(xué)機理的初步研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2008年

4 姜濤;兩種砧木黃瓜嫁接苗耐鹽性的研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2008年

5 劉芬;黃瓜嫁接砧木的篩選及親和性機理研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2009年

6 趙源;耐鹽堿黃瓜嫁接砧木篩選及其土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)特征[D];東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

7 曾義安;黃瓜嫁接優(yōu)勢的生理機制研究[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2004年

8 劉燕;黃瓜嫁接苗對NO_3~-脅迫的生理響應(yīng)[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

9 王冉;兩種砧用南瓜及其黃瓜嫁接苗耐鹽性的比較研究[D];河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2005年

，

本文編號：1345079