金銀花和丹參遠(yuǎn)紅外鼓風(fēng)干燥動力學(xué)及水分散失機(jī)制
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-28 19:07
【摘要】：金銀花為忍冬科植物忍冬(Lonicera Japonica Thunb)的干燥花蕾或初開的花。富含黃酮類、揮發(fā)油、三萜類及有機(jī)酸等活性成分,具有抑菌、解毒、疏散風(fēng)熱等作用。丹參(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge)系唇形科植物,以干燥根和根莖入藥,具有改善心肌缺血、抗動脈粥樣硬化、保護(hù)心肌等多種功效,是中醫(yī)學(xué)中最常用的活血化瘀中藥。金銀花和丹參均為山東省重要的大宗中藥材,也是山東的道地藥材,市場容量大。近年來,隨著市場需求量的增大,金銀花和丹參的種植面積擴(kuò)大,產(chǎn)地干燥加工成為影響其質(zhì)量的重要因素。本文研究了遠(yuǎn)紅外鼓風(fēng)聯(lián)合干燥過程中金銀花和丹參干燥特性、干燥動力學(xué)及干制品品質(zhì)及其基于低場核磁技術(shù)(LF-NMR)的遠(yuǎn)紅外鼓風(fēng)干燥過程中水分分布狀態(tài),以期為提高金銀花和丹參產(chǎn)地干燥加工成技術(shù)、質(zhì)量水平提供理論依據(jù),對金銀花和丹參加工貯藏有著重要的意義。主要研究結(jié)果、結(jié)論如下:1.遠(yuǎn)紅外鼓風(fēng)聯(lián)合干燥過程中金銀花和丹參干燥特性、干燥動力學(xué)及干制品品質(zhì)的研究金銀花和丹參在遠(yuǎn)紅外鼓風(fēng)干燥過程中,干燥溫度越高,用時越短,降速階段為其干燥的主要階段。干燥的動力學(xué)模型擬合結(jié)果表明試驗(yàn)值與Page模型的預(yù)測值吻合性好,可以用來預(yù)測和描述金銀花和丹參遠(yuǎn)紅外鼓風(fēng)干燥的失水過程。費(fèi)克第二定律求得金銀花在干燥過程中的水分有效擴(kuò)散系數(shù)(Deff)在5.0661×10-10~7.5991×10-9 m2/s內(nèi),丹參的水分有效擴(kuò)散系數(shù)為3.2423×10-10~1.2969×10-9 m2/s,且隨溫度的升高逐漸增大。阿倫尼烏斯方程計(jì)算得出金銀花遠(yuǎn)紅外鼓風(fēng)干燥平均活化能為33.5690 KJ/mol,丹參為41.4328 KJ/mol。35℃時金銀花的色差值△E最小,有效成分含量最高,與陰干相比可提高效率并保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。丹參的紅外鼓風(fēng)干燥溫度宜選擇50~70℃,此時干燥成品的丹酚酸B和丹參酮ⅡA含量較高。2.基于低場核磁技術(shù)(LF-NMR)的金銀花和丹參遠(yuǎn)紅外鼓風(fēng)干燥過程中水分分布狀態(tài)不同花期的金銀花(三青期、大白期和全花期)中均含有三種狀態(tài)的水:結(jié)合水、不易流動水和自由水,其含量為:不易流動水結(jié)合水自由水;三青期金銀花的結(jié)合水和自由水含量高于大白期和開花期,不易流動水含量相對低于大白期和開花期;金銀花干燥過程中,不同狀態(tài)的水也呈現(xiàn)出不同的變化規(guī)律,不易流動水含量逐漸減小,結(jié)合水含量先減少后增加,干燥過程改變了金銀花內(nèi)部水分分布狀態(tài)和水分含量,不同狀態(tài)的水分之間會發(fā)生一定的相互轉(zhuǎn)化,三青期金銀花中部分結(jié)合水在干燥初期流動性變大,后期流動性變小,大白期金銀花結(jié)合水流動性持續(xù)變小。干燥過程中金銀花水分含量與不易流動水的峰面積、總峰面積均有較高的相關(guān)性(R20.9),LFNMR技術(shù)為金銀花中水分分布及變化規(guī)律提供了直觀的參考依據(jù)。丹參內(nèi)部水分主要以自由水、不易流動水狀態(tài)存在,在整個干燥過程中自由水含量逐漸降低,直至完全干燥。結(jié)合水含量的在干燥初期逐漸增加后期降低,束縛水含量逐漸降低,直至完全消失。結(jié)合水、不易流動水和自由水的T2值隨著干燥的進(jìn)行均呈減小。65℃干燥條件下,低場核磁共振成像顯示,丹參表皮以下中空部分以上水分含量較高,中心部分由于纖維素含量較高且有一定孔隙所以信號強(qiáng)度相對較弱,干燥過程中由于水分受熱發(fā)生遷移,水分分布區(qū)域逐漸變得均勻,但總量明顯減弱,烘干時間達(dá)到4.5 h時,水分基本全部揮發(fā)。
[Abstract]:The lonicera is a dried flower or an initial flower of lonicera japonica Thunb. Is rich in active ingredients such as flavonoids, volatile oil, triviol and organic acid, and has the effects of inhibiting bacteria, removing toxic materials, and dispelling wind and heat. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge) is a Labiatae plant, and is used for drying root and rhizome, and has various effects of improving myocardial ischemia, resisting atherosclerosis, protecting myocardium, and the like, and is the most commonly used Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in traditional Chinese medicine. The honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia are important bulk Chinese medicinal materials in Shandong, and are also the traditional Chinese medicinal materials of Shandong, and the market capacity is large. In recent years, with the increase of the demand of the market, the planting area of the honeysuckle and the red sage root is expanded, and the dry processing of the producing area is an important factor affecting the quality. In this paper, the drying characteristics, the drying kinetics and the dry product quality of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia in the combined drying process of the far-infrared blast are studied, and the moisture distribution in the far-infrared blowing drying process based on low-field nuclear magnetic technology (LF-NMR) is studied. In ord to provide a theoretical foundation for improving that dry and processing technology and the quality level of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia, it is of great significance to the processing and storage of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia. The main results of the study are as follows:1. In the far-infrared air-blast combined drying process, the drying characteristics, the drying kinetics and the dry product quality of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia are studied, and the drying temperature of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia in the far-infrared air-blowing drying process is higher, the time is shorter, and the speed-down stage is the main stage of the drying. The experimental results show that the experimental value is in good agreement with the predicted value of the Page model, and can be used to predict and describe the dehydration process of the far-infrared air-blast drying of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia. Fick's second law found that the effective diffusion coefficient (Deff) of the water in the drying process of the honeysuckle was in the range of 5.0661-10-10-7.5991-10-9m2/ s, the effective diffusion coefficient of the red-rooted salvia was 3.2423-10-10-1.2969-10-9m2/ s, and the temperature increase gradually. The average activation energy of the far-infrared air-blast drying of the honeysuckle is 33.5690 KJ/ mol, the red sage root is 41.4328 KJ/ mol, the color difference of the honeysuckle is the smallest when the red sage root is 35 DEG C, the content of the active ingredients is the highest, the efficiency is improved and the product quality is ensured as compared with the shade. The infrared blowing and drying temperature of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae should be 50 ~ 70 鈩，
本文編號：2507537
[Abstract]:The lonicera is a dried flower or an initial flower of lonicera japonica Thunb. Is rich in active ingredients such as flavonoids, volatile oil, triviol and organic acid, and has the effects of inhibiting bacteria, removing toxic materials, and dispelling wind and heat. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge) is a Labiatae plant, and is used for drying root and rhizome, and has various effects of improving myocardial ischemia, resisting atherosclerosis, protecting myocardium, and the like, and is the most commonly used Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in traditional Chinese medicine. The honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia are important bulk Chinese medicinal materials in Shandong, and are also the traditional Chinese medicinal materials of Shandong, and the market capacity is large. In recent years, with the increase of the demand of the market, the planting area of the honeysuckle and the red sage root is expanded, and the dry processing of the producing area is an important factor affecting the quality. In this paper, the drying characteristics, the drying kinetics and the dry product quality of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia in the combined drying process of the far-infrared blast are studied, and the moisture distribution in the far-infrared blowing drying process based on low-field nuclear magnetic technology (LF-NMR) is studied. In ord to provide a theoretical foundation for improving that dry and processing technology and the quality level of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia, it is of great significance to the processing and storage of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia. The main results of the study are as follows:1. In the far-infrared air-blast combined drying process, the drying characteristics, the drying kinetics and the dry product quality of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia are studied, and the drying temperature of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia in the far-infrared air-blowing drying process is higher, the time is shorter, and the speed-down stage is the main stage of the drying. The experimental results show that the experimental value is in good agreement with the predicted value of the Page model, and can be used to predict and describe the dehydration process of the far-infrared air-blast drying of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia. Fick's second law found that the effective diffusion coefficient (Deff) of the water in the drying process of the honeysuckle was in the range of 5.0661-10-10-7.5991-10-9m2/ s, the effective diffusion coefficient of the red-rooted salvia was 3.2423-10-10-1.2969-10-9m2/ s, and the temperature increase gradually. The average activation energy of the far-infrared air-blast drying of the honeysuckle is 33.5690 KJ/ mol, the red sage root is 41.4328 KJ/ mol, the color difference of the honeysuckle is the smallest when the red sage root is 35 DEG C, the content of the active ingredients is the highest, the efficiency is improved and the product quality is ensured as compared with the shade. The infrared blowing and drying temperature of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae should be 50 ~ 70 鈩，
本文編號：2507537
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