本文選題：靜息態(tài) + 功能磁共振成像��； 參考：《河北醫(yī)科大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:當今社會人口老齡化問題日益嚴峻,眾多學者對腦老化展開了廣泛而深入的研究。腦老化與大腦結(jié)構、功能密切相關。認知功能減退是腦老化的重要標志,認知功能減退不僅影響老年人的生活質(zhì)量,還給其家庭及社會帶來沉重負擔。海馬是參與認知的重要腦結(jié)構,由功能不同亞區(qū)組成。近年來有不少研究者對腦老化中海馬的形態(tài)學改變進行研究,已深入到亞區(qū)水平。靜息態(tài)BOLD-fMRI功能連接研究側(cè)重于不同腦區(qū)間的相互聯(lián)系,從宏觀層面探索整個大腦運行機制。研究證實腦老化中存在靜息態(tài)功能連接的改變,但是腦老化中海馬亞區(qū)的靜息態(tài)功能連接改變尚不清楚。本研究基于靜息態(tài)功能磁共振成像,研究中老年組和年輕組之間靜息狀態(tài)下海馬亞區(qū)與全腦功能連接的差異,進而闡明腦老化中海馬亞區(qū)功能連接的變化及其意義。方法:將符合納入標準的121名志愿者,按年齡分為兩組:年輕組60名,其中男性23例,女性37例,年齡范圍22-31歲,平均年齡26.15±1.9歲;中老年組61人,男性23例,女性38例,年齡范圍45-65歲,平均年齡52.6±5.9歲。采用GE公司Signa Excite 3.0T超導型磁共振掃描儀均行常規(guī)序列檢查,然后采集靜息態(tài)功能磁共振圖像。掃描線圈為標準8通道頭顱線圈。受試者仰臥于掃描床上,為了減少頭動,頭部用海綿墊固定。掃描前囑受試者保持清醒、睜眼、呈放松狀態(tài),且盡量不作任何系統(tǒng)性思考。采用基于Matlab的DPARSFA軟件對高分辨率靜息態(tài)功能磁共振數(shù)據(jù)進行預處理。應用目前靜息態(tài)功能連接分析中最簡單也是最常用的基于感興趣區(qū)的分析法來研究正常老化中海馬亞區(qū)的功能連接改變。根據(jù)SPM Anatomy toolbox提取海馬亞區(qū)(雙側(cè)CA1,CA2,CA3,DG,SUB)。選擇海馬亞區(qū)中10個種子點,提取所有種子點的平均時間序列,分別進行種子點與全腦其他體素的功能連接計算。應用SPM對兩組全腦區(qū)域的時間相關性圖像進行兩樣本T檢驗的統(tǒng)計分析。將經(jīng)過兩樣本T檢驗的海馬亞區(qū)功能連接結(jié)果分別疊加在REST自帶的Ch2 bet圖像上進行顯示。觀察中老年組和年輕組靜息狀態(tài)下的海馬亞區(qū)功能連接是否存在差異(P0.01),Alphasim校正。觀察有統(tǒng)計學意義的活動團塊的腦區(qū)定位、MNI坐標、團塊的大小,并觀察其t值。結(jié)果:所有圖像均符合標準。1中老年組與年輕組相比較,與CA1區(qū)功能連接減低的腦區(qū)主要有右側(cè)島蓋部額下回,與CA1區(qū)功能連接增加的腦區(qū)主要有右側(cè)額上回及左側(cè)額中回(Fig.1)。2中老年組與年輕組相比較,與CA2區(qū)功能連接減低的腦區(qū)主要有右側(cè)海馬及左側(cè)豆狀核,與CA2區(qū)功能連接增加的腦區(qū)主要有右側(cè)額上回、左側(cè)額中回、右側(cè)顳下回、左側(cè)顳中回(Fig.2)。3中老年組與年輕組相比較,與CA3區(qū)功能連接減低的腦區(qū)主要有左側(cè)海馬,與CA3區(qū)功能連接增加的腦區(qū)主要有左側(cè)額中回(Fig.3)。4中老年組與年輕組相比較,與DG區(qū)功能連接減低的腦區(qū)主要有右側(cè)島蓋部額下回,與DG區(qū)功能連接增加的腦區(qū)主要為左側(cè)額中回(Fig.4)。5中老年組與年輕組相比較,與SUB區(qū)功能連接減低的腦區(qū)主要有右側(cè)島蓋部額下回及左側(cè)海馬旁回,與SUB區(qū)功能連接增加的腦區(qū)主要有右側(cè)額上回(Fig.5)。結(jié)論:1在正常腦老化過程中,海馬不是均一的老化,不同亞區(qū)具有各自特征。2與年輕組相比,中老年組中與海馬亞區(qū)功能連接減低的腦區(qū)主要有右側(cè)島蓋部額下回,與海馬亞區(qū)功能連接增加的腦區(qū)主要有右側(cè)額上回及左側(cè)額中回。3關于海馬的老化現(xiàn)象,功能連接降低可能與認知功能下降有關,功能連接增加可能是對認知功能下降的補償。
[Abstract]:Objective: the problem of aging population is becoming more and more serious in today's society. Many scholars have conducted extensive and deep research on brain aging. Brain aging is closely related to brain structure and function. Cognitive impairment is an important sign of brain aging. Cognitive impairment not only affects the living quality of the elderly, but also brings a heavy burden to the family and the society. Hippocampus is an important brain structure involved in cognition, which is composed of different functional subregions. In recent years, many researchers have studied the morphological changes of the hippocampus in the brain aging, which has gone deep into subregion level. The resting state BOLD-fMRI function connection research focuses on the interrelation of different brain regions and explores the whole brain operation mechanism from the macro level. The study confirms the change of resting state function connection in brain aging, but it is not clear that the resting state function connection of brain aging is not clear. This study is based on resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study the differences in the connection between the hippocampus and the whole brain in the resting state between the elderly and the young groups, and then to clarify the aging of the brain. The changes and significance of the functional connection of Maya district. Methods: 121 volunteers were divided into two groups according to the age of inclusion: 60 in the young group, of which 23 were male, 37 women, 22-31 years of age, and the average age was 26.15 + 1.9 years; middle and old age group 61, 23 males, 38 cases, age 45-65 years, average age 52.6 + 60 years old. E's Signa Excite 3.0T superconducting magnetic resonance scanner all performed routine sequence examination and then collected resting functional magnetic resonance images. The scanning coil was a standard 8 channel head coil. The subjects were lying on the scanning bed. In order to reduce head motion, the head was fixed with a sponge pad. Matlab based DPARSFA software is used to preprocess high resolution resting state functional magnetic resonance data. The simplest and most commonly used region based analysis method based on interest zone analysis in the current resting state function analysis is used to study the functional connection changes in the hippocampus subregion of normal aging. According to SPM Anatom Y toolbox extraction of hippocampal subregion (bilateral CA1, CA2, CA3, DG, SUB). Select the 10 seed points in the subregion of the hippocampus, extract the average time sequence of all the seed points, and calculate the function connection between the seed points and the whole brain other voxels respectively. The statistical analysis of the time phase image of the two groups of whole brain regions by SPM is used to analyze the statistical analysis of the two sample T test. The results of the functional connectivity of the hippocampal subregion of the two sample T test were superimposed on the REST Ch2 bet images respectively. The differences in the functional connectivity of the hippocampus subregion in the middle and old age group and the young group were observed (P0.01) and Alphasim correction. The brain location, MNI coordinates, and the size of the group were observed with statistical significance. The T value. Results: all images were in accordance with the standard.1 in the elderly group compared with the young group. The brain areas with the functional connection with the CA1 area were mainly lower than the right side of the island cover. The brain areas with the function connection with the CA1 area were mainly the right upper frontal gyrus and the left middle frontal gyrus (Fig.1).2 in the elderly group compared with the young group, and the function connection with the CA2 region. The brain regions of the reduced brain were mainly right hippocampal and left-sided lenticular nucleus. The brain areas with the functional connection with CA2 area were mainly right frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, right temporal gyrus, and left temporal gyrus (Fig.2).3, compared with the young group, the brain area with the function connection with CA3 area was mainly left hippocampus, and the function connection with CA3 area increased. Compared with the young group in the middle frontal middle frontal gyrus (Fig.3).4, the brain area with the function connection with the DG area was mainly lower than that of the right Island, and the brain area with the function connection with the DG region was mainly the left middle frontal gyrus (Fig.4).5 in the middle aged group and the young group, and the brain area with the functional connection of the SUB region was mainly on the right island. The lower frontal gyrus and the left parahippocampal gyrus were mainly in the right frontal gyrus (Fig.5) in the functional connection with the SUB area. Conclusion: 1 in the normal aging process, the hippocampus is not homogeneous, and the different subregions have their respective characteristics.2, compared with the young group, the brain areas with lower functional connectivity in the middle and old age group are mainly the right Island cover. In the lower frontal gyrus, the brain regions with the functional connection with the hippocampal subregion mainly include the aging of the right frontal upper frontal gyrus and the left middle frontal gyrus (.3). The decrease of functional connection may be related to the decline of cognitive function, and the increase of functional connection may be the compensation for the decline of cognitive function.
【學位授予單位】：河北醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R445.2

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