本文選題：旅游景區(qū)　切入點：孤島效應(yīng)　出處：《云南大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,不同類型、不同等級、不同地區(qū)的旅游景區(qū)也隨之迅速成長。但在旅游景區(qū)發(fā)展的同時,景區(qū)圈“景”為“區(qū)”、“圍城”式開發(fā)等問題嚴(yán)重,“孤島”現(xiàn)象在旅游景區(qū)中日益凸顯,景區(qū)和社區(qū)的差異越來越大,景區(qū)和社區(qū)的矛盾逐漸激化,成為阻礙景區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要問題。學(xué)者們雖然對旅游景區(qū)中的“孤島”現(xiàn)象有所關(guān)注,但缺乏相應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)研究。將“孤島”理論應(yīng)用到旅游景區(qū)發(fā)展中,立足于景區(qū)和社區(qū)和諧發(fā)展的視角,能夠彌補相關(guān)理論研究的空白,也能為景區(qū)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供指導(dǎo)�；谏鲜龇治�,本文綜合運用文獻分析與問卷訪談相結(jié)合、定性分析與定量評價相結(jié)合、學(xué)科交叉與軟件輔助相結(jié)合、橫向比較與歸納總結(jié)相結(jié)合的研究方法,在闡明研究背景與問題、研究進展與述評、研究依據(jù)與方法、研究目的與意義、研究思路與框架的基礎(chǔ)上(第一章)；以地理學(xué)、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟學(xué)、景觀生態(tài)學(xué)、旅游學(xué)等相關(guān)理論為基礎(chǔ)(第二章)；創(chuàng)造性提出旅游景區(qū)孤島的概念,并系統(tǒng)的分析了旅游景區(qū)孤島的提出、成因、演化、特征、類型等內(nèi)容,初步建立了旅游景區(qū)孤島理論框架(第三章)；在理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建了旅游景區(qū)孤島效應(yīng)指標(biāo)體系和測度模型(第四章)；并以普者黑六大旅游景區(qū)為實證進行測度(第五章)；根據(jù)實證結(jié)果,從預(yù)警、“反規(guī)劃”、調(diào)控三方面提出旅游景區(qū)孤島效應(yīng)逆變機理(第六章)；最后,提出了本文的研究結(jié)論和展望(第七章)。本文的主要觀點和結(jié)論包括：(1)本文從微觀的視角,將“孤島”引入旅游景區(qū)研究范疇。旅游景區(qū)孤島指景區(qū)與周邊社區(qū)存在鮮明差異并缺少相互聯(lián)系,形成孤立發(fā)展的旅游現(xiàn)象。旅游景區(qū)孤島形象、直觀地表達了景區(qū)和社區(qū)的隔離狀態(tài)及割裂關(guān)系,為旅游景區(qū)研究和旅游影響研究提供新的獨特視角。(2)旅游景區(qū)孤島包括經(jīng)濟孤島、社會孤島、景觀孤島等類型,是一個從“初化→興化→孤化→極化／融化”的演化過程,具有經(jīng)濟利益的割裂性、社會文化的擠出性和景觀生態(tài)的破碎性等特征。其成因包括：在外部方面包括空間區(qū)位的鎖閉性、發(fā)展模式的單一性、管理體制的多重性等,在內(nèi)部方面包括利益追逐的驅(qū)動、社區(qū)參與的障礙、人為生態(tài)的破壞等。(3)旅游景區(qū)孤島效應(yīng)測度體系由1個目標(biāo)層、3個子目標(biāo)層、2大指標(biāo)類型和21項具體指標(biāo)構(gòu)成,在熵值法確定指標(biāo)權(quán)重的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建了“D/C”孤島效應(yīng)評價模型。其中,差異性指數(shù)(D)越大,孤島效應(yīng)越大：連接度指數(shù)(C)越大,孤島效應(yīng)越小。(4)普者黑六大旅游景區(qū)中,經(jīng)濟孤島效應(yīng)最高的是擺龍湖景區(qū)(4.4010),最低的是落水洞景區(qū)(0.4940) 社會孤島效應(yīng)最高的是山河灣景區(qū)(2.3649),最低的是落水洞景區(qū)(0.8125) 景觀孤島效應(yīng)最高的是八道哨景區(qū)(1.3359),最低的是擺龍湖景區(qū)(0.3999)。從整體孤島效應(yīng)總值來看,普者黑旅游景區(qū)孤島效應(yīng)從高到低分別是經(jīng)濟孤島(2.3663)、社會孤島(1.2267)、景觀孤島(0.9768)。(5)旅游景區(qū)孤島效應(yīng)有三種逆變機理,即前逆變——預(yù)警機制,包括建立預(yù)警指標(biāo)體系、確定預(yù)警界限值、制作預(yù)警信號圖、發(fā)布預(yù)警信息等,中逆變——“反規(guī)劃”機制,包括確定一個目標(biāo)、采取四項分析、做好四個規(guī)劃、進行兩種反饋的旅游“反規(guī)劃”流程,后逆變——調(diào)控機制,包括降低差異性、增強連接度、實施恢復(fù)管理等。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's tourism industry of different types, different grades, different regions of the tourist attractions also grew rapidly. But in the development of the tourism scenic scenic circle at the same time, "King" as the "area", "Besieged City" development seriously, "island" phenomenon has become increasingly prominent in the tourist attractions, the difference scenic resort community is more and more big, scenic spots and community contradictions intensified gradually, become the important problems hindering the sustainable development of the scenic area. Although scholars of tourist attractions in the "island" phenomenon is concerned, but the lack of corresponding system research. "Applied to the scenic island" in the development of the theory, based on the scenic spots and community the perspective of harmonious development, can make up for the blank of relevant theoretical research, provide guidance for sustainable development but also for the scenic area. Based on the above analysis, this paper uses literature analysis and questionnaire interviews, qualitative Analysis and quantitative evaluation of the combination of interdisciplinary and software combining research methods, compared with the combination of summary, the paper describes the research background and problems, research progress and review, research basis and method, research purpose and significance, research ideas and framework based on (the first chapter); in geography, regional economics, landscape ecology, tourism and other related theoretical basis (chapter second); put forward the concept of creative tourism island, and system analysis is put forward, scenic island origin, evolution, characteristics, types and contents, established the scenic island theoretical framework (Chapter third); based on the theory research on the construction of the tourism island effect index system and measurement model (Chapter fourth); and to measure the six major tourist attractions for Puzhehei empirical (Chapter fifth); according to the empirical results, from early warning, " The scenic area planning ", inverter islanding regulation mechanism in three aspects (the sixth chapter); finally, put forward the conclusion and prospects of this study (Chapter seventh). The main points and conclusions of this paper include: (1) from the micro perspective, the" island "in the tourism scenic area of scenic island areas. The scenic area and the surrounding community has distinctive differences and lack of contact with each other, the phenomenon of tourism development. Tourism scenic spots formed isolated island image, expressed in scenic and community isolation and separation, provides a new perspective for the study of the unique scenic spots and tourism research. (2) island tourist attractions including economic island. Social Island, island landscape types, is a" from the evolution of early, Xinghua, solitary, polarization / melt ", fragmented with economic interests, social culture and ecological landscape of extrusion The characteristics of broken. The causes include: locking of space location on the external side, a single model of development, multiplicity of the management system, including the pursuit of interest in the internal drive, community participation barriers, man-made ecological damage. (3) tourism island effect measurement system by 1 the target layer, 3 sub target layer, 2 indicators and 21 specific types of indicators, determine the index weight based on entropy method, constructed the "D/C" rating island effect model. The difference index (D) greater islanding more: Connectivity Index (C) greater. The island effect is small. (4) proposes six tourist attractions, economic Island effect is the highest placed Longhu scenic area (4.4010), the lowest is Luoshuidong area (0.4940) is the highest mountain community Island Bay Area (2.3649), the lowest is Luoshuidong area (0.8125) solitary landscape The island effect is highest in the eight post (1.3359), the lowest area is placed in Longhu scenic area (0.3999). The total value of the whole island effect, proposes the tourism scenic island effect from high to low are economic Island (2.3663), (1.2267), social island landscape Island (0.9768) (5) tourist attractions. There are three kinds of inverter islanding mechanism, namely before - inverter early warning mechanism, including the establishment of early-warning index system, determine the warning threshold value, making early warning signal, warning information, inversion -- "anti planning" mechanism, including the determination of a target, take four, do four planning, two the feedback of tourism "anti planning" process, after the inverter - regulation mechanism, including reducing the differences, enhance connectivity, restoration and management.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F592
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本文編號：1653317