本文選題：組織學(xué)習(xí)　切入點(diǎn)：組織績(jī)效　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今,現(xiàn)代企業(yè)面臨著技術(shù)快速進(jìn)步、產(chǎn)品生命周期縮短及全球化的動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境。持續(xù)的組織學(xué)習(xí)和變革已經(jīng)成為近幾十年來全球企業(yè)管理領(lǐng)域最強(qiáng)烈的呼聲。特別是進(jìn)入知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代以來,企業(yè)需要通過持續(xù)地學(xué)習(xí)來促進(jìn)和提升創(chuàng)新活動(dòng),以及培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新能力。組織學(xué)習(xí)被認(rèn)為是企業(yè)獲取和保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)的關(guān)鍵來源。正因?yàn)榇?組織學(xué)習(xí)已然成為關(guān)乎企業(yè)的可持續(xù)生存和發(fā)展能力、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力提升的焦點(diǎn)話題,建立學(xué)習(xí)型組織成為學(xué)者研究和管理者實(shí)踐的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和歸宿。組織學(xué)習(xí)的現(xiàn)有研究?jī)?nèi)容十分豐富,而目前,組織學(xué)習(xí)研究爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)從討論組織學(xué)習(xí)是否有益于企業(yè)的發(fā)展,轉(zhuǎn)移到組織學(xué)習(xí)如何有益于企業(yè)的發(fā)展上來,更加聚焦于組織學(xué)習(xí)的作用機(jī)制研究。該研究的直接表現(xiàn)便是中介變量的引入,即試圖通過中介變量來搭建組織學(xué)習(xí)到組織績(jī)效的轉(zhuǎn)化路徑。盡管已有研究對(duì)中介變量的探索取得了一定的進(jìn)展,但是研究十分散亂,對(duì)于一些中介變量的作用機(jī)理并不是很清楚,包括中介變量產(chǎn)生作用的原因和過程,以及情境條件對(duì)組織學(xué)習(xí)及中介變量的影響等。并且,大多數(shù)企業(yè)在利用組織學(xué)習(xí)作為產(chǎn)生競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)的具體實(shí)踐中是失敗的�？偨Y(jié)起來,這是因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)有企業(yè)的組織學(xué)習(xí)缺乏正確的戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)向;以及忽略了組織學(xué)習(xí)的作用機(jī)制的環(huán)境依賴性。在中國(guó)情境下,企業(yè)需要適應(yīng)制度環(huán)境的轉(zhuǎn)型。一方面,隨著市場(chǎng)制度的不斷完善,一些企業(yè)更多地開始轉(zhuǎn)向以市場(chǎng)為中心的戰(zhàn)略決策;而另一方面,市場(chǎng)制度水平仍然較弱,面對(duì)高昂的交易成本和政府強(qiáng)勢(shì)干預(yù)的約束,企業(yè)不得不借助非正式制度來尋得保護(hù)和發(fā)展,把發(fā)展關(guān)系作為一個(gè)戰(zhàn)略機(jī)制即通過與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者和政府當(dāng)局進(jìn)行合作來克服競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和資源不利。具體地講,現(xiàn)有企業(yè)整體上主要采取兩種戰(zhàn)略,以市場(chǎng)為基礎(chǔ)的戰(zhàn)略與以關(guān)系為基礎(chǔ)的戰(zhàn)略。作為一種環(huán)境認(rèn)知活動(dòng),組織學(xué)習(xí)反映了企業(yè)對(duì)所處制度環(huán)境的理解,進(jìn)而影響著企業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略選擇和績(jī)效。制度框架形塑了組織學(xué)習(xí)的方向,因此,組織學(xué)習(xí)研究需要高度重視制度環(huán)境的作用。為了進(jìn)一步深入分析組織學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)組織績(jī)效的作用機(jī)制這一黑箱,本文從戰(zhàn)略視角出發(fā),引入市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向戰(zhàn)略作為中介變量,制度環(huán)境和環(huán)境動(dòng)態(tài)性作為調(diào)節(jié)變量,試圖探討轉(zhuǎn)型經(jīng)濟(jì)下企業(yè)如何有效地進(jìn)行組織學(xué)習(xí)。具體來講,本文從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析:(1)組織學(xué)習(xí)是否對(duì)組織績(jī)效產(chǎn)生積極的影響;(2)市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向是否在組織學(xué)習(xí)與組織績(jī)效間起到中介作用,即組織學(xué)習(xí)是否要通過市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向戰(zhàn)略的選擇和具體的市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向行為作用于組織績(jī)效;(3)制度環(huán)境是否在組織學(xué)習(xí)與市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向間起到正向調(diào)節(jié)作用,環(huán)境動(dòng)態(tài)性是否在市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向與組織績(jī)效間起到正向調(diào)節(jié)作用;(4)制度環(huán)境和環(huán)境動(dòng)態(tài)性的調(diào)節(jié)作用是否會(huì)影響到市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向的中介作用,即二者是否影響到組織學(xué)習(xí)向組織績(jī)效的轉(zhuǎn)化路徑。圍繞上述問題,本文在進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)綜述和理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了理論框架和具體的研究假設(shè),并在進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格研究設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上收集了數(shù)據(jù)。在對(duì)樣本進(jìn)行初步統(tǒng)計(jì)、對(duì)量表進(jìn)行信效度分析和共同方法偏差檢測(cè)、對(duì)變量進(jìn)行描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)和相關(guān)分析后,通過回歸分析等統(tǒng)計(jì)方法對(duì)提出的假設(shè)進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):組織學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)組織績(jī)效有顯著的正向影響;市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向?qū)M織績(jī)效有顯著的正向影響;組織學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向有顯著的正向影響;市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向在組織學(xué)習(xí)與組織績(jī)效的關(guān)系中起到部分中介作用;制度環(huán)境在組織學(xué)習(xí)與市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向的關(guān)系中起到正向調(diào)節(jié)作用;環(huán)境動(dòng)態(tài)性在市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向與組織績(jī)效的關(guān)系中沒有顯著的調(diào)節(jié)作用;制度環(huán)境對(duì)市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向的中介作用產(chǎn)生顯著的調(diào)節(jié)影響�？梢�,本文除了關(guān)于環(huán)境動(dòng)態(tài)性的假設(shè)不成立外,其余假設(shè)均成立。由此,本文對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)型經(jīng)濟(jì)下組織學(xué)習(xí)與組織績(jī)效關(guān)系的探索取得了一定的成果。首先,本文豐富了組織學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)組織績(jī)效的作用機(jī)制研究。將市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向作為中介變量引入模型中,深入探討了組織學(xué)習(xí)通過市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向作用于組織績(jī)效的路徑;另一方面,針對(duì)中國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)型經(jīng)濟(jì)下的企業(yè),從制度環(huán)境和環(huán)境動(dòng)態(tài)性入手,分析二者對(duì)組織學(xué)習(xí)的作用機(jī)制的調(diào)節(jié)影響。盡管結(jié)果并未證實(shí)環(huán)境動(dòng)態(tài)性的調(diào)節(jié)作用,但是對(duì)現(xiàn)有研究結(jié)論的不一致做了進(jìn)一步的檢驗(yàn)并對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了解釋。其次,本文對(duì)組織學(xué)習(xí)與市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了辨析。一直以來,組織學(xué)習(xí)與市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向的關(guān)系存在爭(zhēng)議,而爭(zhēng)議點(diǎn)在于二者之間哪一個(gè)是前因哪一個(gè)是結(jié)果。已有研究絕大多數(shù)是基于市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向的研究出發(fā)點(diǎn),引入組織學(xué)習(xí)的視角,認(rèn)為市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向是組織學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)。本文則以組織學(xué)習(xí)為出發(fā)點(diǎn)探討市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向在組織學(xué)習(xí)作用機(jī)制中扮演的角色,強(qiáng)調(diào)組織學(xué)習(xí)是市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向的基礎(chǔ)。本文對(duì)二者關(guān)系的研究進(jìn)行了回顧,并進(jìn)一步明晰了二者之間的關(guān)系。最后,本文強(qiáng)調(diào)了制度環(huán)境對(duì)組織學(xué)習(xí)、市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向和組織績(jī)效關(guān)系的意義。制度是轉(zhuǎn)型經(jīng)濟(jì)下企業(yè)的生存和發(fā)展必須考慮的因素。然而,現(xiàn)有關(guān)于制度與組織的研究,對(duì)于微觀層面的組織行為和戰(zhàn)略的分析非常有限。本文主要從經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的視角出發(fā),分析制度對(duì)組織學(xué)習(xí)、市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向和組織績(jī)效的影響,拓展了制度理論在戰(zhàn)略管理中的研究,這也為未來有關(guān)制度的組織研究提供了一定的啟示。盡管本文取得了一定的成果,但仍然存在一定的局限性,包括樣本的選擇、數(shù)據(jù)的收集和變量的測(cè)量等方面,這需要后續(xù)研究進(jìn)一步地完善。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, modern enterprises are faced with the rapid progress of technology, shorten the product life cycle and dynamic environment of globalization. Continuous organizational learning and change has become in recent decades, the field of global business management the most intense voice. Especially in the era of knowledge economy, enterprises need to continue to learn to promote and enhance the innovation activities, and the cultivation of innovative ability. Organizational learning is a key source for enterprises to obtain and maintain competitive advantages. Because of this, organizational learning has become the sustainable survival and development ability of enterprises to enhance the ability of competition, the focus of the topic, the establishment of learning organization has become the starting point and destination of academic research and management practice. The existing research content learning is very rich, but at present, the study focus debate from the discussion of organizational learning is beneficial to the development of enterprises, transferred to the How organizational learning is beneficial to the development of enterprises, more focused on the mechanism of organizational learning. The direct manifestation of the study is the introduction of an intermediary variable, which is trying to through the intermediary variable to build organizational learning to organizational performance. Although the transformation path has been explored research on the intermediary variable has made some progress, but the study very scattered, for some intermediary variables and the mechanism is not very clear, including the causes and effects of the process variables, and situations on organizational learning and mediating effects. Also, most of the enterprises in the use of organizational learning as a practice to produce a competitive advantage in failure. To sum up, this is because the existing enterprise organizational learning lacks the right strategy; and ignored the mechanism of organizational learning environment in China context dependent, Business needs to adapt to the transformation of the institutional environment. On the one hand, with the continuous improvement of the system of the market, some companies began to shift more strategic decisions to the market as the center; on the other hand, the market system is still weak, in the face of high transaction costs and strong government intervention constraints, enterprises have to rely on informal institutions to find the protection and development, the development of the relationship as a strategic mechanism through cooperation with competitors and government authorities to overcome the unfavorable competition and resources. Specifically, the whole enterprise mainly adopt two kinds of strategy, based on the market strategy and relation based strategy. As a kind of environmental cognitive activity. Organizational learning reflects the understanding of the institutional environment, and then affect the strategy choice and performance of the enterprise. The system framework of shaping the organizational learning direction, therefore, organizational learning Study on the need to attach great importance to the role of the environment system. In order to further analyze the mechanism of organizational learning on organizational performance in the black box, from the strategic perspective, the introduction of market oriented strategy as an intermediary variable, institutional environment and dynamic environment as a variable, to explore the transition economy enterprises how to effectively carry out organizational learning in particular. This paper, from the following aspects: (1) whether organizational learning has a positive impact on organizational performance; (2) whether the market orientation plays an intermediary role in organizational learning and organizational performance, organizational learning is through market orientation strategy and specific market oriented behavior on organizational performance; (3) whether the institutional environment play a positive role in the organizational learning and market orientation, whether in the dynamic environment of market orientation and organizational performance to Positive regulation; (4) whether the regulatory role of the institutional environment and dynamic environment will affect the mediating role of market orientation, namely the two affect organizational learning to organizational performance. The conversion path around the above problems, based on the literature review and theoretical analysis, puts forward the theoretical framework and concrete the research hypothesis, and through rigorous research and design based on the collected data. The preliminary statistics of the sample, the reliability and validity analysis and common method bias detection, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis of variables, statistical methods such as regression analysis for the proposed hypotheses are tested. The results showed that: organizational learning has a significant positive impact on organizational performance; market orientation has a significant positive impact on organizational performance; organizational learning has a significant positive impact on market orientation; market orientation Play the part of the intermediary role between organizational learning and organizational performance; institutional environment plays a positive role in the relationship between organizational learning and market orientation in dynamic environment; in the relationship between market orientation and organizational performance have no significant moderating effect; intermediary effect of institutional environment on market oriented regulation significantly. Visible in this paper, in addition to the dynamic environment of the assumption does not hold, other assumptions are established. Thus, the exploration of the economic transformation of the relationship between organizational learning and organizational performance and achieved certain results. Firstly, the mechanism of rich Wenfeng on organizational learning. The market orientation as mediating variables into the model, in-depth study of the organizational learning through the role of market orientation on organizational performance path; on the other hand, according to the China economic transformation of enterprises, from the institutional environment and ring Dynamic analysis of environment, the impact of the two regulating mechanism of organizational learning. Although the results did not confirm the environmental dynamic regulation, but the conclusion of the existing research does not agree to do further tests and the results are explained. Secondly, this paper analyzes the relationship between organizational learning and market orientation has been the controversial relationship between organizational learning and market orientation, and the dispute is between the two which is the antecedent of which one is the results. Most of the existing research study based on market orientation, organizational learning perspective, that market orientation is the foundation of organization learning. This paper takes the organization learning as a starting point to explore the mechanism of market oriented learning plays the role in the organization, stressed that organizational learning is the basis of market orientation. This paper studies on the relationship between the two reviews, and To further clarify the relationship between the two. Finally, this paper emphasizes the importance of institutional environment on organizational learning, the relationship between market orientation and organizational performance. The system is the transformation of enterprise survival and development of economy must be considered. However, the existing research about the system and organization, the microcosmic analysis of organizational behavior and strategy very limited. This paper mainly from the perspective of economic system, analysis system of organizational learning, the influence of market orientation and organizational performance, expand the research in strategic management system theory, it also provides some implications for future research on organizational system. Although we have made certain achievements, but there are still some limitations, including sample selection, data collection and measurement aspects of variables, it needs further research to further improve.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F272.92
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本文編號(hào)：1557219