本文關鍵詞：倫理視域下農村金融服務體系中的公平與效率問題研究　出處：《中央民族大學》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 倫理視域 農村金融服務 公平與效率問題 公平-效率觀

【摘要】：追求公平和效率是人類社會經濟生活、政治生活和的基本目標之一,也是人類建設和諧社會、追求更高尚的倫理生活的重要價值目標。本文以哲學倫理學、經濟學交叉學科為基礎,重點研究倫理視域中農村金融服務體系中的公平與效率問題,通過具體分析和全面探討,創(chuàng)造性地提出效率與公平相統(tǒng)籌的農村金融服務體系之倫理建構、農村金融服務體系中公平與效率的倫理評價及實踐維度的基本理論。全文由導論及五章內容組成。主要觀點如下：公平與效率問題包括如何界定“公平”與“效率”的內涵、以何種尺度來衡量一定社會政策或治理理念所主導或影響下的“公平”與“效率”的價值取向、如何正確處理“公平”與“效率”之間的關系、如何建構“公平”與“效率”相統(tǒng)一的、合乎國情和民意的社會發(fā)展(經濟、政治、倫理)體系。公平與效率無論在理論還是在實踐上都存在不一致、難以兼顧之處,中、西方思想界和社會主義體制都試圖探索解決這個問題。社會主義計劃經濟體制盡管能夠較好地保證了社會的公平,然而在結果上導致低效率的平均主義思想意識。資本主義市場經濟盡管可以在很大程度上提高效率,然而卻也導致嚴重的貧富分化、剝削階層和社會不公。從倫理的價值視域并結合社會主義實踐,探討社會主義社會的公平—效率觀,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)公平與效率在社會主義社會發(fā)展的不同歷史時期的具體體現(xiàn)有所不同,但是社會主義的本質特點就是強調大力發(fā)展社會生產力,建立新型的社會關系,提高經濟效率和社會效率,并通過發(fā)展市場經濟及其公平競爭機制以建立合理的法治機制、加強核心價值體系建設來實現(xiàn)社會公平正義,因此社會主義的本質要求效率與公平相統(tǒng)一。公平與效率具有特定的倫理意蘊,科學發(fā)展觀的統(tǒng)籌兼顧方法、均衡發(fā)展思想及其理論內涵,蘊含著重效率、更重公平的價值取向。它不同于“效率優(yōu)先、兼顧公平”以及“保障公平、效率為輔”之思想,體現(xiàn)了公平與效率相統(tǒng)籌的社會主義倫理精神。我國農村金融服務體系自身的倫理功能在于提升金融效率、推進經濟正義、促進社會和諧、增進公民自由。重效率更重公平是農村金融領域全面深化改革,實現(xiàn)包容性增長、可持續(xù)發(fā)展的價值選擇。統(tǒng)籌兼顧,科學發(fā)展,效率與公平相統(tǒng)籌,是農村金融服務體系的目標選擇,它最大限度地體現(xiàn)了社會主義金融體系的公平性、包容性和高效性。構建農村金融服務體系中公平與效率相統(tǒng)籌的倫理系統(tǒng)之途徑在于：以誠信為核心,引導農村金融市場行為倫理化；以效率為依據(jù),進一步落實農村金融制度規(guī)范化；以公平為準繩,保證農村金融機構的信貸目標公正化。重效率更重公平,在一定程度上發(fā)展了“效率優(yōu)先、兼顧公平”之不足,同時也突破了“保障公平、效率為輔”之片面,體現(xiàn)了歷史唯物主義矛盾論和兩點論、均衡論哲學思維。農村金融服務中的公平與效率相統(tǒng)籌的倫理評價體系的構建,包含系統(tǒng)性原則、簡明性原則、地域性原則等評價原則�，F(xiàn)階段我國農村金融服務體系的公平與效率實現(xiàn)狀況存在諸多問題,其中在公平感方面：農村金融服務硬件設施比較完善,農牧民對金融服務的需求旺盛,農牧民對金融機構服務滿意度不高；在效率方面存在的問題有：資金流失限制了支農作用的發(fā)揮、不良貸款反彈、農村社會化服務體系不健全、服務“三農”和小微企業(yè)意識淡化。適應農村經濟需求特殊性的完善的金融服務體系,必須是公平與效率有機統(tǒng)一的體系,它不僅包含宏觀的多層次的金融服務系統(tǒng),包括新型農村金融機構、農村信用社、郵政儲蓄等機構,還要在金融產品和服務上創(chuàng)新發(fā)展,引導各金融機構開發(fā)符合各金融主體需求的產品和服務,最大限度滿足其需求。因此,完善農村金融服務體系中公平與效率相統(tǒng)籌的實踐維度在于構建公平與效率的倫理實踐基礎、突出公平與效率的平衡發(fā)展、提升效率的經濟價值和倫理價值。
[Abstract]:Pursuing fairness and efficiency is one of the basic goals of human social and economic life and political life. It is also an important value goal of building a harmonious society and pursuing a more noble ethical life. This paper is based on the philosophy of ethics, economics, cross discipline, fairness and efficiency of the rural financial service system focuses on the ethical perspective in, through the concrete analysis and comprehensive discussion of ethics, creatively put forward the efficiency and fairness of overall rural financial service system construction, the rural financial service system in a fair and ethical evaluation and practical dimension of efficiency the basic theory. The full text is composed of introduction and five chapters. The main points are as follows: fairness and efficiency issues including how to define the "fairness" and "efficiency" of the content, in which to measure certain social policies or governance dominated by or under the influence of "fairness" and "efficiency" of the value orientation, how to correctly handle the "fairness" and "efficiency" and the relationship between how the construction of "fairness" and "efficiency", the unity of national conditions and public opinion and social development (economic, political and ethical system). Fairness and efficiency are inconsistent and difficult to take into consideration both in theory and practice. Chinese and western ideological and socialist systems are trying to solve this problem. Although the socialist planned economic system can better guarantee the fairness of the society, the result of the result has led to the inefficiency of equalitarianism. Although the capitalist market economy can improve its efficiency to a great extent, it also leads to the serious polarization of the rich and the rich, the exploitation of the exploitation class and the social injustice. From the perspective of ethical value and combined with the practice of socialism, to explore the fairness efficiency of the socialist society, embodies fairness and efficiency can be found in different historical periods of the development of socialist society is different, but the nature of socialism is to emphasize the great force of the development of social productive forces, the establishment of new social relations, improve the economic efficiency and social efficiency. And through the development of the market economy and fair competition mechanism to establish the rule of law, a reasonable mechanism to strengthen the construction of core value system to achieve social fairness and justice, so the essential requirement of Socialist Unity of efficiency and fairness. Fairness and efficiency have specific ethical implications. Scientific Outlook on Development's overall planning method, balanced development thought and its theoretical connotation contain more valuable and more equitable value orientation. It is different from the idea of "giving priority to efficiency, giving consideration to fairness" and "ensuring fairness and efficiency as a supplement". It embodies the spirit of socialist ethics that is equal to efficiency. The ethical function of the rural financial service system in China is to improve the financial efficiency, promote the economic justice, promote the social harmony and enhance the citizen's freedom. Heavier efficiency and more equity are the value choices for the rural financial sector to deepen the reform in an all-round way and to achieve inclusive growth and sustainable development. Overall planning, scientific development and efficiency and fairness are the goals of the rural financial service system. It reflects the fairness, inclusiveness and efficiency of the socialist financial system. Is that the way of ethical system fairness and efficiency of the overall construction of the rural financial service system: in good faith as the core, to guide the behavior of rural financial market ethics; take the efficiency as the basis, to further implement and standardize the rural financial system; to ensure fairness as the criterion, the rural financial institutions credit target fair. More efficiency and fairness, to a certain extent, develop "efficiency first and give consideration to fairness". At the same time, it breaks through the one sidedness of "protecting fairness and efficiency", reflecting the historical materialism contradiction theory, two point theory and equilibrium philosophy thinking. The construction of the ethical evaluation system of fairness and efficiency in rural financial services includes the principles of systematicness, conciseness and regionalism. Equity and efficiency of rural financial service system in China at the present stage of problems, which in a sense of fairness: perfect rural financial service facilities, farmers demand for financial services is exuberant, farmers and herdsmen to financial institutions and service satisfaction is not high; there are some problems: in terms of efficiency of capital loss limit dilution supporting role, and rebound of non-performing loans of rural social service system is not perfect, "three rural" and Small and micro businesses consciousness. To improve the financial service system of rural special economic needs, must be fairness and efficiency of the organic unity of the system, it includes not only the multi-level financial service system macro, including the new rural financial institutions, rural credit cooperatives, postal savings institutions, but also in the development of innovative financial products and services, to guide financial institutions in line with the development of the financial demand the main products and services that best meet their needs. Therefore, improving the practice dimension of fairness and efficiency in the rural financial service system is based on building the ethical and practical basis of equity and efficiency, highlighting the balanced development of fairness and efficiency, and enhancing the economic and ethical values of efficiency.
【學位授予單位】：中央民族大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F832.35

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