黃土高原大規(guī)模的退耕還林還草促進(jìn)了生態(tài)恢復(fù)。但是長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看,樹(shù)種的生長(zhǎng)消耗土壤水分,致使土壤表層形成了干化層,最終導(dǎo)致林地退化。自然植被演替表現(xiàn)出越來(lái)越強(qiáng)的生態(tài)適應(yīng)性,加速自然植被的演替可以加速生態(tài)恢復(fù)。本研究以黃土高原自然恢復(fù)草地為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)野外調(diào)查和實(shí)驗(yàn)室分析,選取典型樣地對(duì)植被和土壤碳庫(kù)變化動(dòng)態(tài)進(jìn)行了研究,提出了加速草地恢復(fù)和增加土壤碳匯的對(duì)策和措施。本研究為自然草種演替增加土壤碳匯、恢復(fù)生態(tài)環(huán)境提供了重要的科學(xué)依據(jù)。本研究取得的主要結(jié)論如下:（1）草地恢復(fù)加強(qiáng)了土壤碳庫(kù)的積累,包括土壤有機(jī)碳庫(kù)和無(wú)機(jī)碳庫(kù),但是這兩個(gè)碳庫(kù)在總碳庫(kù)的占比相反。與農(nóng)田相比,土壤有機(jī)碳儲(chǔ)量（0-100 cm）在草地恢復(fù)的早期顯著降低,土壤無(wú)機(jī)碳儲(chǔ)量（0-100 cm）在農(nóng)田撂荒后早期顯著增加。土壤無(wú)機(jī)碳儲(chǔ)量恢復(fù)較之有機(jī)碳儲(chǔ)量恢復(fù)快。與農(nóng)田相比,0-100cm土層土壤有機(jī)碳儲(chǔ)量增量分別為-0.039（5年）,0.037（13年）,0.840（24年）和1.082 kg m-2（32年）;0-100cm土層土壤無(wú)機(jī)碳儲(chǔ)量增量分別為1.209（5年）,6.000（13年）,6.608（24年）,and 4.... 

【文章來(lái)源】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)陜西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：103 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【部分圖文】：

979年以來(lái)全球主要溫室氣體（CO2,N2O,CH4）平均豐度變化（NOAAglobalairsamplingnetwork）http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/aggi.html

第一章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 3圖1-2 化石燃料和水泥使用，土地利用變化導(dǎo)致的CO2釋放速率變化。來(lái)源: CDIAC; Le Quéré et al2014; Global Carbon Budget 2014Figure 1-2 The changes of CO2emissions induced by fossil fuels and cement, land-use change圖1-3 主要國(guó)家和組織化石燃料使用造成的CO2釋放量。來(lái)源：CDIAC; Le Quéré et al 2014; GlobalCarbon Budget 2014Figure 1-3 The changes of CO2emissions induced by fossil fuels for top four emitters. Source: CDIAC; LeQuéré et al 2014; Global Carbon Budget 2014

2emissions induced by fossil fuels and cement, land-use change圖1-3 主要國(guó)家和組織化石燃料使用造成的CO2釋放量。來(lái)源：CDIAC; Le Quéré et al 2014; GlobalCarbon Budget 2014Figure 1-3 The changes of CO2emissions induced by fossil fuels for top four emitters. Source: CDIAC; LeQuéré et al 2014; Global Carbon Budget 2014

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