糾纏光子空間關(guān)聯(lián)調(diào)控及其應(yīng)用
[Abstract]:In recent years, quantum information science has developed rapidly, showing attractive application prospects. The miniaturization and integration of quantum optical chips makes quantum information processing more stable and expansible, which has become a new development direction of quantum information science. Entangled photons as an important physical resource of quantum information science, its generation and regulation has become the focus of research. Spatial properties are the basis of entanglement photons and an important regulatory dimension. Along with the development direction of quantum information science, more integrated generation and control of entangled photons has become the general trend. Optical superlattices are the most commonly used materials for the generation of entangled photons. The efficient generation of entangled photons with special properties can be achieved by using flexible domain engineering techniques. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: 1. The anti-EPR entangled states with transverse momentum positive correlation and position inverse correlation were prepared directly by using periodically polarized lithium tantalate crystals. The effects of pump light focusing parameters on the spatial correlation of entangled photons are calculated theoretically. An anti-EPR state was prepared in an optical superlattice of lithium tantalate using tightly focused pumping light. By measuring the momentum and position uncertainty, it is calculated that the product of momentum position uncertainty is (X) 2 (p -) 2 0. 14 鹵0. 02 h 2, which is less than H 2, thus validating the successful preparation of anti-EPR states. 2. Through theoretical calculation, it is proved that the anti-EPR states have been prepared successfully. 2. The analytical expressions of resolution and magnification for ghost imaging with different momentum correlation characteristics are obtained. The magnification rate of ghost imaging consists of two parts: external magnification rate and intrinsic magnification rate. The intrinsic magnification rate can be used as a criterion for the degree of entanglement through the measurement of ghost imaging experiment. More importantly, according to the resolution expression, the effects of optical path configuration, crystal length and pump beam waist on the resolution of entangled photons are obtained under different momentum correlation characteristics of entangled photons. In addition, we give the numerical simulation of ghost imaging under different configuration parameters. This is instructive to the experiments and applications of ghost imaging. 3. The Fresnel zone plate structure in classical optics is introduced into the optical superlattice. The nonlinear Fresnel zone plates were prepared by polarizing lithium tantalate crystals into wave zone plates. The experimental results show that the nonlinear zone plate can generate and image the second harmonic simultaneously. In addition, we introduce the zone plate structure into the transverse modulation of one-dimensional optical superlattices. It is found by theoretical calculations that one of these structures is equivalent to a uniform one-dimensional superlattice and a lens with multi-focal points. With this structure, the multi-focal lens-free ghost imaging can be realized, which makes the control of entangled two-photon spatial correlation more convenient and integrated. 4, based on the Shor code scheme in quantum error correction coding, We propose two quantum error correction schemes for photons as quantum information carriers. One is a quantum error correction coding scheme encoded on a single photon with multiple degrees of freedom. With this scheme, quantum error correction can be realized conveniently, and the requirement of photon number is greatly reduced. For this scheme, we design a complete experimental optical path. In addition, aiming at the possible problems in the subsequent application of the scheme, we propose another quantum error correction coding scheme based on two-photon multi-degree-of-freedom coding, which can effectively solve the problem of error detection. These two schemes widen the idea of quantum error correction coding scheme based on photons.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:O431.2
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