顆粒流靶傳熱問題研究與設(shè)計(jì)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-09 19:01
【摘要】：靶裝置是一類用途廣泛的科學(xué)研究裝置,為了滿足科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)條件提出的越來越高的要求,對(duì)于能夠承受高功率靶裝置的需求也越來越迫切。本工作以加速器驅(qū)動(dòng)次臨界系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目為基礎(chǔ)對(duì)于一種新型靶的傳熱流動(dòng)問題及設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了研究。這一新型靶方案采用顆粒作為靶材料,通過顆粒在重力作用下的密相流動(dòng)將沉積在靶材料中的束流能量進(jìn)行移除,因而稱為DGT(Dense Granular flow Target),目前研究認(rèn)為這種靶方案在高溫耐受、材料相容、運(yùn)行可靠性與穩(wěn)定性等方面具備更好的性能,并且有望實(shí)現(xiàn)更高的束流作用功率。顆粒材料之所以能夠作為靶材料使用,是與其傳熱特性分不開的,但顆粒材料的傳熱過程較為復(fù)雜,存在多種機(jī)制并存的過程。本文第二章通過對(duì)于顆粒材料傳熱實(shí)驗(yàn)與理論研究較為系統(tǒng)的回顧,闡述了影響顆粒體系傳熱的因素以及熱傳導(dǎo)系數(shù)計(jì)算的方法。這一部分工作為顆粒在作為靶材料應(yīng)用時(shí)的設(shè)計(jì)選擇與性能評(píng)估提供了基礎(chǔ)依據(jù)。與液態(tài)金屬靶豐富的設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)行經(jīng)驗(yàn)不同,使用顆粒材料作為傳熱工質(zhì)的靶裝置盡管在理論上是可行的,但在具體的實(shí)施上仍需要很多工作。而決定靶裝置能否有效實(shí)施的重要一方面是實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)情況下的流動(dòng)傳熱相關(guān)問題,本文中所闡述的內(nèi)容正是本人對(duì)這一問題的工作。對(duì)于這一問題的研究不僅需要對(duì)于個(gè)別物理問題的模擬研究,同樣需要建立研究裝置的實(shí)驗(yàn)支持,因而通過計(jì)算、實(shí)驗(yàn)、模擬等方法對(duì)一種顆粒流靶設(shè)計(jì)方案中主要的流動(dòng)傳熱問題和相關(guān)裝置的設(shè)計(jì)方法做出了研究,將這一靶與另一種受到廣泛研究的無(wú)窗靶結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。對(duì)博士期間的原創(chuàng)性工作,本文主要從:顆粒流靶性能需要考察的關(guān)鍵流動(dòng)傳熱問題研究(第三章),初步驗(yàn)證性裝置的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與裝置搭建運(yùn)行(第四章),以及無(wú)窗流體靶設(shè)計(jì)問題及其與顆粒流靶的對(duì)比(第五章)進(jìn)行了闡述。在關(guān)鍵問題的研究方面,本工作主要著眼于靶段設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)于總體流量的影響、靶段顆粒的堆積狀態(tài)、束流作用區(qū)域的顆粒流動(dòng)狀態(tài)等方面。通過研究結(jié)論對(duì)于靶運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的支持,建設(shè)了與電子束耦合的顆粒流靶完整循環(huán)回路。這一循環(huán)回路實(shí)現(xiàn)了循環(huán)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,并與束流沉積模擬預(yù)測(cè)得到的熱效果相符合。為了進(jìn)一步闡明這一靶設(shè)計(jì)的熱耦合與流動(dòng)特點(diǎn),將這一靶裝置與液態(tài)金屬靶裝置在熱耦合區(qū)域流動(dòng)與設(shè)計(jì)方法等方面進(jìn)行了比較。研究結(jié)論表明,DGT方案以流動(dòng)顆粒材料作為靶的工質(zhì)材料是能夠勝任靶系統(tǒng)所需要的載熱傳熱需求的。從對(duì)于裝置性能起到重要影響的束流耦合區(qū)域流動(dòng)傳熱層面而言,顆粒物質(zhì)相比于傳統(tǒng)的液態(tài)金屬更易于實(shí)現(xiàn),并在流動(dòng)和傳熱的穩(wěn)定性方面有一定的優(yōu)勢(shì)。同時(shí),針對(duì)項(xiàng)目需求和研究需要,在研究工作中設(shè)計(jì)、搭建、并成功運(yùn)行了包括大型無(wú)窗靶水模擬回路、電子束熱耦合的DGT靶原理性測(cè)試裝置、以及其他用于流動(dòng)傳熱的小型臺(tái)架和裝置。在這些裝置的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)關(guān)鍵問題做出了實(shí)驗(yàn)性的確證評(píng)估,并于模擬結(jié)果實(shí)現(xiàn)了良好的符合,也為進(jìn)一步項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃的實(shí)施提供了基礎(chǔ)依據(jù)。本文第一章為背景綜述;第二章為研究課題的相關(guān)問題調(diào)研;第三至第五章為獨(dú)立研究?jī)?nèi)容,其中第五章為對(duì)比研究。
[Abstract]:The target device is a kind of wide-purpose scientific research device. In order to meet the increasing demands of the scientific and technological progress on the experimental conditions, the demand for high-power target devices is becoming more and more urgent. This work is based on the accelerator-driven subcritical system project, and the heat transfer flow problem and the design of a new target are studied. This new target scheme uses the particles as the target material, and the beam energy deposited in the target material is removed by the dense phase flow of the particles under the action of gravity, thus known as the DGT (Dense flow Target), which is currently considered to be at high temperature resistance, material compatibility, the operation reliability and the stability and the like have better performance and are expected to achieve higher beam action power. The particle material can be used as a target material, which is separated from the heat transfer characteristic, but the heat transfer process of the granular material is more complex, and a plurality of mechanisms exist. In the second chapter, a systematic review of the heat transfer experiment and the theoretical research of the granular material is reviewed, and the factors that affect the heat transfer of the particle system and the method of the calculation of the heat transfer coefficient are described. This part of the work provides the basis for the design choice and performance evaluation of the particles as it is used as a target material. Unlike the rich design and operation experience of liquid metal targets, the use of particulate material as a target device for heat transfer working fluids, although technically feasible, still requires a lot of work in a specific implementation. The important aspect of determining whether the target device can be effectively implemented is the problem of the flow heat transfer in the case of the actual design structure, and the contents of this paper are the work of the problem. The research on this problem not only needs the simulation research on the individual physical problems, but also needs to establish the experimental support of the research device, The main flow heat transfer problem and the design method of the related devices in a particle flow target design scheme are studied by simulation and the like, and the target is compared with another non-window target structure which is widely researched. In this paper, the key flow heat transfer problem in the performance of the particle flow target is studied (the third chapter), and the system design of the preliminary verification device is in operation with the device (Chapter 4). and the design of the non-window fluid target and its comparison with the particle flow target (chapter V). In the aspect of the research of the key problem, this work mainly focuses on the influence of the target segment design on the overall flow rate, the accumulation state of the target segment particles, the particle flow state of the beam action area, and the like. The complete circulation loop of the particle flow target coupled with the electron beam is constructed by the support of the research conclusion to the target operation state. The circulating loop is used for circulating and stable operation, and is consistent with the thermal effect obtained by the current deposition simulation prediction. In order to further clarify the thermal coupling and flow characteristics of this target design, this target device and the liquid metal target device are compared with the design method and so on. The results of the study show that the DGT scheme takes the flowing granular material as the working medium material of the target, and can be used for the heat transfer demand of the heat transfer required by the target system. the particulate matter is easier to achieve than the conventional liquid metal and has a certain advantage in terms of flow and heat transfer stability from the flow heat transfer level of the beam coupling region that has an important effect on the performance of the device. At the same time, aiming at the needs of the project and the research needs, the design, construction and successful operation of the research work include the large-scale non-window target water simulation circuit, the DGT target principle test device for electron beam thermal coupling, and other small racks and devices for flow heat transfer. On the basis of these devices, the key problem of system operation is experimentally confirmed and evaluated, and good agreement is achieved in the simulation results, and the foundation for further implementation of the project plan is also provided. The first chapter is the background review, the second chapter is the relevant research of the research topic, the third to the fifth chapter are independent research contents, and the fifth chapter is the comparative study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：O347.7
本文編號(hào)：2419293
[Abstract]:The target device is a kind of wide-purpose scientific research device. In order to meet the increasing demands of the scientific and technological progress on the experimental conditions, the demand for high-power target devices is becoming more and more urgent. This work is based on the accelerator-driven subcritical system project, and the heat transfer flow problem and the design of a new target are studied. This new target scheme uses the particles as the target material, and the beam energy deposited in the target material is removed by the dense phase flow of the particles under the action of gravity, thus known as the DGT (Dense flow Target), which is currently considered to be at high temperature resistance, material compatibility, the operation reliability and the stability and the like have better performance and are expected to achieve higher beam action power. The particle material can be used as a target material, which is separated from the heat transfer characteristic, but the heat transfer process of the granular material is more complex, and a plurality of mechanisms exist. In the second chapter, a systematic review of the heat transfer experiment and the theoretical research of the granular material is reviewed, and the factors that affect the heat transfer of the particle system and the method of the calculation of the heat transfer coefficient are described. This part of the work provides the basis for the design choice and performance evaluation of the particles as it is used as a target material. Unlike the rich design and operation experience of liquid metal targets, the use of particulate material as a target device for heat transfer working fluids, although technically feasible, still requires a lot of work in a specific implementation. The important aspect of determining whether the target device can be effectively implemented is the problem of the flow heat transfer in the case of the actual design structure, and the contents of this paper are the work of the problem. The research on this problem not only needs the simulation research on the individual physical problems, but also needs to establish the experimental support of the research device, The main flow heat transfer problem and the design method of the related devices in a particle flow target design scheme are studied by simulation and the like, and the target is compared with another non-window target structure which is widely researched. In this paper, the key flow heat transfer problem in the performance of the particle flow target is studied (the third chapter), and the system design of the preliminary verification device is in operation with the device (Chapter 4). and the design of the non-window fluid target and its comparison with the particle flow target (chapter V). In the aspect of the research of the key problem, this work mainly focuses on the influence of the target segment design on the overall flow rate, the accumulation state of the target segment particles, the particle flow state of the beam action area, and the like. The complete circulation loop of the particle flow target coupled with the electron beam is constructed by the support of the research conclusion to the target operation state. The circulating loop is used for circulating and stable operation, and is consistent with the thermal effect obtained by the current deposition simulation prediction. In order to further clarify the thermal coupling and flow characteristics of this target design, this target device and the liquid metal target device are compared with the design method and so on. The results of the study show that the DGT scheme takes the flowing granular material as the working medium material of the target, and can be used for the heat transfer demand of the heat transfer required by the target system. the particulate matter is easier to achieve than the conventional liquid metal and has a certain advantage in terms of flow and heat transfer stability from the flow heat transfer level of the beam coupling region that has an important effect on the performance of the device. At the same time, aiming at the needs of the project and the research needs, the design, construction and successful operation of the research work include the large-scale non-window target water simulation circuit, the DGT target principle test device for electron beam thermal coupling, and other small racks and devices for flow heat transfer. On the basis of these devices, the key problem of system operation is experimentally confirmed and evaluated, and good agreement is achieved in the simulation results, and the foundation for further implementation of the project plan is also provided. The first chapter is the background review, the second chapter is the relevant research of the research topic, the third to the fifth chapter are independent research contents, and the fifth chapter is the comparative study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：O347.7
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