【摘要】：微結(jié)構(gòu)光纖作為一種新型特種光纖,其擁有許多獨(dú)特特性,不光在光通訊領(lǐng)域延續(xù)著傳統(tǒng)光纖的道路,在光纖傳感領(lǐng)域也開(kāi)始得到廣泛應(yīng)用。近來(lái),光動(dòng)力研究逐漸興起,它主要探討物質(zhì)在復(fù)雜光環(huán)境下的力學(xué)動(dòng)態(tài)特性,進(jìn)而延伸至實(shí)際應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域,例如生命科學(xué)、集成光學(xué)等應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。基于延展微結(jié)構(gòu)光纖應(yīng)用范圍,發(fā)展新型光纖傳感器件的實(shí)際應(yīng)用需求,開(kāi)展基于微結(jié)構(gòu)光纖的光動(dòng)力技術(shù)研究顯得尤為重要。本文從光波導(dǎo)內(nèi)部或外部光場(chǎng)變換角度出發(fā)提出了三類微結(jié)構(gòu)光纖器件。這三類光纖器件通過(guò)改變光纖外部形狀或內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)入射光進(jìn)行光強(qiáng)相位調(diào)制,從而生成特殊光場(chǎng),而這些特殊光場(chǎng)主要用于信號(hào)傳輸或?qū)ξ⑿∥矬w進(jìn)行微操控。本文主要完成的工作有:1.開(kāi)展基于四芯光纖光鑷探針的微粒光動(dòng)力研究。(1)首次提出了具有橫向雙光鑷和軸向雙光鑷的兩種四芯光纖光鑷探針,對(duì)光纖制備、光源注入、纖芯光束路徑改變等內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了較系統(tǒng)的研究。該光鑷探針是通過(guò)微加工技術(shù)使光纖端頭形狀發(fā)生改變,從而使纖芯光束出射路徑發(fā)生改變,并最終形成兩個(gè)不同位置的光勢(shì)阱捕獲點(diǎn)。(2)通過(guò)光束傳輸法,角譜等理論仿真了不同光纖形狀的外部光束組合光場(chǎng)。(3)基于幾何光束追跡模型計(jì)算微粒在組合光場(chǎng)中的受力情況,并通過(guò)朗之萬(wàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)方程計(jì)算了微粒在液體介質(zhì)中的運(yùn)動(dòng)特點(diǎn)以及基于雙光鑷探針的橫向振蕩、軸向推拉特性,其中主要包括微粒周期驅(qū)動(dòng)頻率調(diào)制、幅度調(diào)制變化特性。結(jié)果表明基于四芯光纖光鑷探針的微粒周期驅(qū)動(dòng)本質(zhì)是一個(gè)低頻運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程,在保證可用幅度情況下,頻率不會(huì)高于100Hz。2.開(kāi)展特種艾里光纖研究以及相關(guān)微粒力學(xué)特性研究。(1)基于耦合模理論探討了艾里光纖內(nèi)部高斯場(chǎng)與艾里場(chǎng)的周期轉(zhuǎn)換機(jī)制。(2)首次提出具有自定義對(duì)稱艾里函數(shù)分布的多芯對(duì)稱艾里光纖,并基于光束傳輸法計(jì)算了該光纖的出射場(chǎng),探討了出射場(chǎng)對(duì)波長(zhǎng)的響應(yīng)特性。結(jié)果表明其出射場(chǎng)的中央主瓣會(huì)分裂成多個(gè)離軸主瓣,整個(gè)光束仍具有自由加速特性以及自愈特性,而無(wú)衍射特性較弱。而波長(zhǎng)調(diào)制會(huì)造成光束自由加速性變化從而造成主瓣落點(diǎn)不同。(3)首次提出了具有環(huán)形艾里函數(shù)分布的對(duì)稱環(huán)形芯艾里光纖,并計(jì)算了出射場(chǎng)對(duì)波長(zhǎng)的響應(yīng)特性,還仿真計(jì)算了微米尺度的粒子在對(duì)稱環(huán)形芯艾里光纖出射場(chǎng)下的力學(xué)特性。結(jié)果表明該艾里光纖具有對(duì)稱環(huán)形艾里場(chǎng),可在長(zhǎng)距離范圍內(nèi)保持無(wú)衍射傳輸,自由加速特性則會(huì)形成自聚焦點(diǎn),可用于微加工或微粒捕獲。微粒在出射場(chǎng)作用下還可進(jìn)行輸運(yùn)。3.開(kāi)展了表面等離子激元光纖研究以及相關(guān)微粒力學(xué)特性研究。(1)首次提出了基于金納米管和金納米線的表面等離子激元光纖。(2)基于有限元法計(jì)算了基于金納米管和金納米線的表面等離子激元光纖具有的模式數(shù)。結(jié)果表明在金納米結(jié)構(gòu)整體尺寸微小時(shí),光纖一般只具有兩個(gè)纖芯傳輸模式,分別為短程模和長(zhǎng)程模。但色散特性分析表明,當(dāng)管壁足夠小時(shí)金納米管結(jié)構(gòu)光纖模式數(shù)會(huì)增多。(3)重點(diǎn)對(duì)長(zhǎng)程模的傳輸損耗特性和模場(chǎng)寬度進(jìn)行了分析,結(jié)果表明該結(jié)構(gòu)光纖的長(zhǎng)程模傳輸距離在極端情況可傳輸三十毫米,而模場(chǎng)寬度與傳輸距離并不呈簡(jiǎn)單的反比關(guān)系。壁厚d的大小對(duì)傳輸距離和模式寬度都具有調(diào)制作用。(4)仿真分析了納米微粒在表面等離子激元光纖端面處的受力情況,結(jié)果表明納米粒子會(huì)受到較大捕獲力作用,會(huì)把納米微粒拉向金納米結(jié)構(gòu),且最終彈射脫離。不同微粒所受力會(huì)有差異,在微流場(chǎng)配合下可以實(shí)現(xiàn)微粒分選等用途。綜上所述,本論文展開(kāi)的新型微結(jié)構(gòu)光纖(或光纖外形結(jié)構(gòu))研究擴(kuò)展了微結(jié)構(gòu)光纖的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。由于微結(jié)構(gòu)光纖可集成度高、成本低廉等優(yōu)點(diǎn),使得其極具應(yīng)用潛力。而基于光纖的微粒光動(dòng)力研究,則是通過(guò)新型光纖出射場(chǎng)對(duì)外部微小微粒進(jìn)行操控或信息傳感,對(duì)生命科學(xué),光纖傳感等實(shí)際應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域發(fā)展都具有十分重要的意義。
[Abstract]:As a new type of special optical fiber, micro-structured optical fiber has many unique characteristics. It not only continues the traditional optical fiber road in the field of optical communication, but also has been widely used in the field of optical fiber sensing. Recently, optical power research has gradually emerged. It mainly discusses the dynamic characteristics of materials under complex light environment, and then extends to practical application fields, such as life science, integrated optics and other fields of application. Based on the application range of extended micro-structured optical fiber and the development of the practical application requirement of a new type of optical fiber sensor, the research of optical power technology based on micro-structured optical fiber is very important. In this paper, three kinds of micro-structured fiber optic devices are proposed from the angle of optical waveguide internal or external optical field. These three types of fiber optic devices modulate the intensity phase of incident light by changing the external shape or internal structure of the optical fiber, thereby generating special optical fields, which are mainly used for signal transmission or micromanipulation of small objects. The main tasks are as follows: 1. The research of particle optical power based on four-core optical tweezers probe was carried out. (1) Two kinds of four-core optical tweezers probe with transverse double optical tweezers and axial double optical tweezers are put forward for the first time, and the contents of optical fiber preparation, light source injection and fiber core beam path change are systematically studied. According to the optical tweezers probe, the shape of the end of the optical fiber is changed through the micro-processing technology, so that the light exit path of the fiber core beam changes, and finally, two light potential well capture points with different positions are formed. (2) External beam combined optical field of different optical fiber shapes is simulated by beam transmission method and angular spectrum theory. (3) calculating the stress condition of the particles in the combined light field based on the geometric beam tracking model, calculating the motion characteristics of the particles in the liquid medium through the Langevin motion equation, and the axial push-pull property based on the transverse oscillation and the axial push-pull characteristics of the double optical tweezers probe, which mainly comprises a particle period driving frequency modulation and an amplitude modulation variation characteristic. The results show that the particle cycle drive based on the four-core optical tweezers probe is a low-frequency motion process, and the frequency is not higher than 100Hz when the available amplitude is guaranteed. The research on special Airy fiber and the research on the mechanical properties of relevant particles were carried out. (1) On the basis of the coupled-mode theory, the periodic conversion mechanism between the inner Gaussian field and the Airy field in the Airy fiber is discussed. (2) A multi-core symmetric Airy fiber with self-defined symmetric Airy function distribution is proposed for the first time, and the light exit field of the fiber is calculated based on the beam transmission method, and the response characteristics of the emission field to the wavelength are discussed. The results show that the central main lobe of the exit field is split into a plurality of off-axis main lobes, the whole beam still has the free acceleration characteristic and the self-healing property, but the diffraction characteristic is weak. and the wavelength modulation can cause the light beam to freely change so as to cause the falling point of the main lobe to be different. (3) For the first time, the symmetric ring-core Airy fiber with the distribution of the ring-shaped Airy function is put forward, and the response characteristics of the emission field to the wavelength are calculated, and the mechanical properties of the micro-scale particles in the symmetric ring-core Airy fiber exit field are also simulated. The results show that the Airy optical fiber has a symmetric ring-shaped Airy field, which can maintain no diffraction transmission over a long distance, and the free acceleration characteristic will form a self-focusing point, which can be used for micro-machining or particle capture. the particles can also be transported under the action of an ejection field. In this paper, the research on surface plasmon excitation and the research of relevant particle dynamics are carried out. (1) The surface plasmon excitation fiber based on gold nanotubes and gold nanowires was proposed for the first time. (2) Based on the finite element method, the pattern number of the surface plasmon fiber based on gold nanotubes and gold nanowires is calculated. The results show that when the whole size of the gold nano-structure is small, the optical fiber generally only has two fiber core transmission modes, and is a short-range die and a long-range die, respectively. However, the dispersion characteristic analysis shows that the number of fiber modes of the gold nanotube structure increases when the tube wall is small enough. (3) The transmission loss characteristics and the mode field width of the long-range model are analyzed. The results show that the long-range mode transmission distance of the structured optical fiber can be transmitted by 30 mm in extreme cases, while the mode field width and the transmission distance are not in a simple exponential relationship. the wall thickness d has a modulation effect on both the transmission distance and the mode width. (4) The stress condition of nano-particles at the end face of the surface plasmon excitation is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the nano-particles will be subjected to larger capture force, the nano-particles can be pulled to the gold nano-structure, and finally ejected. the force of different particles can be different, and the application of particle sorting and the like can be realized under the cooperation of micro-flow fields. In conclusion, the new micro-structured optical fiber (or fiber shape structure) in this paper expands the application field of micro-structured optical fiber. The micro-structured optical fiber has the advantages of high integration degree, low cost and the like, so that the micro-structured optical fiber has great application potential. And based on the optical fiber-based particle photodynamic research, it is very important to control the micro-particles in life science, fiber sensing and other practical applications through the control or information sensing of the new optical fiber exit field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN253

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