運(yùn)動(dòng)物體與兩相界面相互作用的動(dòng)力學(xué)研究
[Abstract]:The interaction between a moving object and a two-phase interface is a very common phenomenon in daily life, nature and industrial applications. Due to the complexity of the problem, although a lot of previous studies have been done, there are still some unspecified flow mechanisms, such as the flow mechanism of the cavity formed by the object entering water and the effluent of the object. In this paper, the interaction between two typical moving objects and the interface is studied by means of numerical simulation and experimental methods. The flow phenomena and the internal flow mechanism are analyzed in detail. The main work and research results are as follows: (1) Numerical simulation and experimental methods are used. In this paper, the problem of moving objects entering water is studied, and the effects of surface wettability, fluid inertia, geometric shape of objects and pinning position of contact lines on cavity formation are revealed. The pinning position is generally located above the equator of the sphere and near the edge of the lower end of the cylinder. Through the force balance analysis of the quasi-static flow field near the pinning-rolling contact line, the scaling rates of the pinning position of the contact line, the surface wettability of the solid wall, the fluid inertia and the geometric shape of the object are obtained quantitatively. Based on the potential flow theory, the Rayleigh-Besant equation is solved and it is found that the inviscid flow dominates the radial expansion of the cavity. The numerical results show that the dispersion relation of capillary wave propagation in the cavity wall is consistent with the dispersion relation of perturbation propagation on the hollow cylindrical jet. In addition, the influence of geometry and liquid viscosity on cavity formation is also studied, and it is found that streamlined objects are more likely to form cavities when entering water. By considering viscous dissipation energy, the Bernoulli equation of inviscid potential flow is modified, and the scale of liquid viscosity on the rolling position of contact wire pins is obtained. (2) Numerical simulation and theoretical analysis were used to study the problem of initial submerged body effluent. Cylinder was taken as the object of study to investigate the interfacial evolution and the dynamic behavior of contact line motion in the process of effluent. The physical images of the whole stage of the cylinder effluent are given, and two typical flow modes of the effluent problem are defined according to whether the contact line is formed: the breakage of the liquid film and the encapsulation of the liquid film. The critical condition of wrapping is determined only by the Oh number and is independent of the velocity of the cylinder. The liquid film morphology on the surface of the cylinder in the liquid film wrapping mode will eventually reach quasi-static state, and the thickness of the liquid film on the side wall of the cylinder only depends on the Re number. It is found that the velocity of the contact line relative to the cylinder is determined by Oh number and surface wettability in the liquid film breaking mode. In the viscous mode, it is independent of the velocity of the cylinder itself. The influence of the geometric shape of the object on the water outflow is mainly manifested in the work done on the flow mode and resistance. It is found that the position of the contact line is different when the object with different geometric shape enters the water. The resistance of streamlined ellipsoidal effluent is much less than that of other bodies, which provides a reasonable explanation for the streamlined morphology of aquatic organisms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:O35
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