本文選題：阿姆河右岸區(qū)塊 + 卡洛夫-牛津階��； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)(北京)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：阿姆河右岸區(qū)塊橫跨阿姆河盆地東北部,是中亞天然氣管道及西氣東輸?shù)闹鞴庠吹?主要發(fā)育鹽下中上侏羅統(tǒng)卡洛夫-牛津階碳酸鹽巖礁灘相儲層,天然氣資源豐富。阿姆河右岸經(jīng)歷了卡洛夫期緩坡型碳酸鹽巖臺地向牛津期鑲邊型碳酸鹽巖臺地的演化,沉積微相類型豐富,儲層類型多樣。與國內(nèi)碳酸鹽巖主要勘探開發(fā)的臺緣礁灘、臺內(nèi)白云巖灘及風(fēng)化殼巖溶型儲層不同,阿姆河右岸主要勘探開發(fā)對象集中在臺內(nèi)及臺緣斜坡兩個相區(qū),而臺內(nèi)及臺緣斜坡規(guī)模性儲集體類型及分布規(guī)律認(rèn)識不清楚,預(yù)測難度大,嚴(yán)重制約著勘探開發(fā)進(jìn)程,沉積儲層研究對于碳酸鹽巖天然氣高效勘探開發(fā)意義重大。本論文以阿姆河右岸地區(qū)中上侏羅統(tǒng)卡洛夫-牛津階為研究對象,以沉積學(xué)、層序地層學(xué)等理論為指導(dǎo),充分利用露頭、巖芯、薄片、錄井、測井、地震及分析化驗等資料,在層序地層及沉積微相研究的基礎(chǔ)上,對臺內(nèi)及臺緣斜坡礁灘儲層的發(fā)育特征、成因類型、主控因素及地質(zhì)模式等開展了深入研究。取得的主要成果如下:1.建立卡洛夫-牛津階層序地層格架,厘清巖石地層、電性地層與層序地層單元間的關(guān)系,形成碳酸鹽臺地體系不同相區(qū)多重地層統(tǒng)層方案。前人將阿姆河右岸西部臺地邊緣與臺內(nèi)相區(qū)卡洛夫-牛津階劃分出8個巖性段,在中東部臺緣斜坡與盆地相區(qū)劃分出6個巖性段,不同相區(qū)間巖石地層單元等時對比關(guān)系不清,影響地質(zhì)規(guī)律認(rèn)識。通過野外露頭巖石學(xué)特征、巖性組合規(guī)律深入研究,將露頭巖石地層單元與鉆井常規(guī)測井、成像測井等進(jìn)行對比,對各巖性段界面以及內(nèi)部測井響應(yīng)特征進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析,明確了阿姆河右岸卡洛夫-牛津階巖石地層單元的精細(xì)地層對比關(guān)系。通過層序地層學(xué)分析,識別出了不同級別層序地層界面,將阿姆河右岸卡洛夫-牛津階劃分為兩個三級層序。單個三級層序由海侵體系域、早期高位體系域和晚期高位體系域組成,體系域內(nèi)部可進(jìn)一步劃分為出兩個準(zhǔn)層序組及若干個準(zhǔn)層序。通過區(qū)域?qū)有虻貙痈窦艿慕?厘清了巖石地層、電性地層與層序地層單元間的對比關(guān)系,形成阿姆河右岸碳酸鹽臺地體系不同相區(qū)間的多重地層統(tǒng)層方案,進(jìn)而完成了右岸60余口井的卡洛夫-牛津階巖石地層劃分與對比方案,得到油田公司采納并應(yīng)用于生產(chǎn),從而解決了長期困擾勘探的碳酸鹽巖各巖性段區(qū)域上等時地層對比問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上,系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)了阿姆河右岸卡洛夫期緩坡型碳酸鹽巖臺地向牛津期鑲邊型碳酸鹽巖臺地的演化過程,揭示了不同地區(qū)巖石地層單元類型及巖石組合特征差異的地質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),為臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡相區(qū)沉積微相及儲層研究奠定了重要基礎(chǔ)。2.基于取芯段沉積微相與測井相分析,建立沉積微相相序演化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)剖面,創(chuàng)建了臺內(nèi)及臺緣斜坡沉積微相高分辨率圖形聚類測井相定量解釋圖版,實現(xiàn)全井段沉積微相連續(xù)解釋,揭示了臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡沉積微相空間展布規(guī)律。阿姆河右岸卡洛夫-牛津階發(fā)育完整的碳酸鹽巖臺地沉積體系,臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡沉積微相類型豐富,巖石類型多樣。基于取芯資料建立沉積微相測井識別圖版,有助于實現(xiàn)全井段沉積微相連續(xù)解釋及臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡沉積微相空間展布規(guī)律。在取芯資料巖石學(xué)特征分析的基礎(chǔ)上,識別出蒸發(fā)臺地、局限臺地、開闊臺地、臺地邊緣、臺緣斜坡及盆地相區(qū)各種沉積微相類型。通過長井段連續(xù)取芯資料深入分析,建立了臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡沉積微相相序演化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)剖面。建立巖芯段沉積微相的測井響應(yīng)樣式,形成臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡不同沉積微相常規(guī)測井、聚類測井相、成像測井相模式,創(chuàng)建了臺內(nèi)及臺緣斜坡沉積微相高分辨率圖形聚類測井相定量解釋圖版,實現(xiàn)全井段沉積微相連續(xù)解釋。通過單井沉積微相分析與地震相分析相結(jié)合,編制了聯(lián)井及平面沉積微相圖,揭示了臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡沉積微相空間展布特征。3.開展臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡礁灘儲層特征與定量評價研究,明確儲集空間與物性特征、成巖作用類型及成巖演化階段,建立了常規(guī)測井與成像測井定量解釋模版,確定了碳酸鹽巖儲層下限及流體識別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。阿姆河右岸卡洛夫-牛津階臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡碳酸鹽巖儲集空間以次生粒內(nèi)及粒間溶孔為主,臺內(nèi)高能顆粒灘保留部分原生孔,中東部臺緣斜坡區(qū)裂縫發(fā)育。成巖作用研究表明,壓實作用及膠結(jié)作用為主要的破壞性成巖作用類型;包括硫酸鹽熱化學(xué)還原作用(tsr)在內(nèi)的埋藏溶蝕作用及破裂作用為主要的建設(shè)性成巖作用。通過成巖流體古溫度與古鹽度、微量元素、碳氧同位素、鍶同位素分析,劃分了成巖演化階段,分別建立了臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡成巖與孔隙演化模式,為儲層成因分析奠定了基礎(chǔ)。在分區(qū)、分層礦物模型建立的基礎(chǔ)上,選取適合臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡碳酸鹽巖的測井解釋數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過測井資料統(tǒng)計及實驗室分析數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)選合理參數(shù),形成了臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡碳酸鹽巖儲層常規(guī)測井定量解釋模版;在裂縫類型識別的基礎(chǔ)上,開展了成像測井縫洞定量解釋。結(jié)合測井多參數(shù)交會圖版以及試油結(jié)論等生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù),明確了臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡碳酸鹽巖孔隙度4%的保守儲層下限級別。通過多手段流體性質(zhì)判別研究,確立了流體類型劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),即:氣層sw≤50%、氣水同層50%sw70%、水層:sw≥70%,為氣水界面識別、氣藏類型研究、儲量計算、試油層段以及開發(fā)射孔段的選取奠定了基礎(chǔ)。4.劃分臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡碳酸鹽巖儲層類型,建立不同類型儲層綜合識別圖版,創(chuàng)建以常規(guī)測井資料為變量的儲層類型定量判別模型,分析儲層形成主控因素,明確規(guī)模性儲層形成條件與分布規(guī)律,建立了臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡儲層類型分布模式。臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡碳酸鹽巖儲集空間及組合方式的多樣,揭示出儲層類型及成因的復(fù)雜性,明確儲層類型平面及縱向分布規(guī)律對于高效勘探開發(fā)有重要意義�；趲r芯、物性分析及測井資料,揭示出阿姆河右岸臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡相碳酸鹽巖發(fā)育孔隙型、孔洞型、裂縫孔隙型和縫洞型四類儲層,建立了各類儲層綜合識別圖版。利用統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法對各類儲層測井響應(yīng)值進(jìn)行分析,建立了深淺電阻比值(RD/RS)、密度中子總孔隙度與聲波孔隙度差值(Φt-Φs)為多變量的儲層類型測井定量識別模型,形成了基于常規(guī)測井資料的定量儲層類型劃分方法,解決了儲層類型分布規(guī)律認(rèn)識不清的問題。各類儲層發(fā)育主控因素分析表明,孔隙型與孔洞型儲層主要受控于沉積微相、層序界面及相關(guān)溶蝕作用,裂縫孔隙型儲層主要受控于受沉積微相、裂縫及相關(guān)溶蝕作用,縫洞型儲層主要受控于裂縫和相關(guān)埋藏溶蝕作用。結(jié)合層序格架內(nèi)聯(lián)井儲層對比等分析,明確規(guī)模性儲層形成條件與分布規(guī)律,建立了臺內(nèi)與臺緣斜坡儲層類型分布模式。5.揭示了薩曼杰佩為隱伏古隆起上疊置的厚層臺內(nèi)灘,打破了前人對該氣田主力產(chǎn)層為臺緣堤礁的傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)識,明確了規(guī)模性臺內(nèi)灘發(fā)育的沉積地質(zhì)特征、控制因素及展布規(guī)律,建立了規(guī)模性臺內(nèi)灘發(fā)育模式,指導(dǎo)了阿姆河右岸西部多個規(guī)模性臺內(nèi)灘的發(fā)現(xiàn)。前人研究認(rèn)為右岸西部發(fā)現(xiàn)的薩曼杰佩氣田為臺地邊緣礁灘相氣田。巖石微相與地震相分析相結(jié)合,揭示出薩曼杰佩氣田下牛津組產(chǎn)層為隱伏古隆起上疊置連片的厚層臺內(nèi)顆粒灘,打破了該主力氣田產(chǎn)層為“臺緣堤礁”的地質(zhì)認(rèn)識。古地貌與海平面變化分析相結(jié)合,明確了臺內(nèi)灘平面展布、發(fā)育層位、灘體類型及組合特征、規(guī)模性臺內(nèi)灘儲集體發(fā)育條件,建立了臺內(nèi)灘發(fā)育的地質(zhì)模式。隱伏基底古隆起發(fā)育區(qū)古地貌高部位灘體單層厚度大,垂向上多期疊置,橫向展布范圍廣,形成規(guī)模性疊合臺內(nèi)灘;古地貌低洼部位灘體單層厚度薄,總厚度小,臺內(nèi)灘規(guī)模有限,層序地層格架內(nèi)臺內(nèi)灘儲層發(fā)育于準(zhǔn)層序組中上部。基于古地貌對臺內(nèi)灘發(fā)育控制作用的地質(zhì)認(rèn)識,通過過層拉平技術(shù)、補(bǔ)償厚度法、殘余厚度法,識別出西部查爾朱及堅基茲庫爾古隆起發(fā)育多個次級古地貌高地。預(yù)測了多個規(guī)模性疊合臺內(nèi)灘發(fā)育區(qū),并得到鉆探證實,指導(dǎo)了阿姆河右岸西部多個規(guī)模性臺內(nèi)灘的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The right bank of amu river across the northeast of the Amu basin is the main source of gas pipeline in Central Asia and the main source of gas transmission from west to East. The middle upper Jurassic Calov Oxford carbonate rock reef reservoir is mainly developed under salt, and the natural gas is rich in natural gas resources. The right Bank of the Amu river has experienced the Calov stage carbonatite platform to Oxford phase carbon. The evolution of the acid salt rock platform is rich in sedimentary microfacies and various types of reservoirs. Different from the main exploration and development of the platform margin reef beach, the inter platform dolomite beach and the weathered crust karst reservoir, the main exploration and development objects on the right bank of the Amu River are concentrated in two phases in the platform and the platform margin slope, and the large reservoir in the platform and the platform margin is stored. The type and distribution law of the body are not clear, the prediction is difficult, and the exploration and development process is seriously restricted. The study of the sedimentary reservoir is of great significance to the high efficiency exploration and development of carbonate gas. This paper takes the middle upper Jurassic Calov Oxford order of the right bank of the Amu River as the research object, and takes the theory of sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy as the guidance, and it is filled with the theory of sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy. On the basis of the study of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary microfacies, the development characteristics, genetic types, main controlling factors and geological models of the reservoir in the platform and the margin slope are studied on the basis of the data of outcrop, core, thin film, logging, logging, seismic and analysis, and so on. The main achievements are as follows: 1. the establishment of the LF Oxford stratum The sequence stratigraphic framework clarifies the relationship between the lithostratigraphy, the electrical strata and the sequence stratigraphic units, and forms the multiple stratigraphic series of different facies zones in the carbonate platform system. The predecessors divided the Western platform edge of the right bank of the right bank of the right bank of the right bank of the right bank of the right bank to 8 lithologic sections in the intra phase area of the Oxford, and divided 6 rocks in the platform margin slope and the basin facies area in the Middle East. The relationship between the rock stratum unit and the lithostratigraphic unit in different phases is not clear, which affects the understanding of the geological law. Through the study of the lithologic characteristics of outcrop and lithology, the lithostratigraphic unit of the outcrop is compared with the conventional well logging and imaging logging, and the characteristics of the interface of each rock section and the internal logging response are detailed. The fine stratigraphic correlation between the limestone and Oxford order units on the right bank of the Amu river is clarified. Through sequence stratigraphic analysis, the sequence stratigraphic interface of different levels is identified, and the order of the right bank of the Amu river is divided into two three order sequences. The single three level sequence is from the transgressive system domain, the early high system domain and the late stage. The system domain is composed of two quasi sequence groups and several quasi sequences within the system domain. Through the establishment of the regional sequence stratigraphic framework, the comparative relationship between the lithostratigraphy, the electrical stratigraphy and the sequence stratigraphic units is clarified, and the multiple stratigraphic series of different phases of the right bank carbonate platform system in the right bank of amu river is formed. In this way, the lithostratigraphic division and contrast scheme of more than 60 wells in the right bank is completed, which has been adopted and applied to the production by the oil field companies, thus solving the stratigraphic contrast problem in the lithologic sections of the carbonate rocks for a long period of time. On this basis, the system restored the slow slope type carbonate of the right bank of the right bank of the Amu river. The evolution process of the salt rock platform to Oxford edge carbonate platform reveals the geological foundation of the types of lithostratigraphic units and the difference of rock combination characteristics in different regions. It lays an important foundation for the study of sedimentary microfacies and reservoir in the platform margin slope facies area,.2. based on the analysis of sedimentary microfacies and logging facies in the core section and the establishment of sedimentary microfacies. The phase sequence evolution standard section has created a quantitative interpretation chart of high resolution graphic clustering logging facies for the sedimentary microfacies in the platform and the platform margin, realizing the continuous interpretation of the sedimentary microfacies in the whole well section, revealing the spatial distribution of the sedimentary microfacies in the platform and the platform margin. The sedimentary microfacies of the platform and the platform margin are rich in sedimentary microfacies and various types of rocks. Based on the core data to establish the sedimentary microfacies log recognition chart, it is helpful to realize the continuous interpretation of the sedimentary microfacies in the whole well section and the spatial distribution of the sedimentary microfacies in the platform and the platform edge slope. The sedimentary microfacies of the platform, the open platform, the edge of the platform, the edge slope of the platform and the basin facies are all kinds of sedimentary microfacies. Through the deep analysis of the continuous core data of the long well section, the standard profile of the facies sequence evolution of the sedimentary microfacies in the platform and the platform margin is established, and the logging response style of the sedimentary microfacies of the core section is established to form the different sedimentary microfacies in the platform and the platform margin slope. Conventional logging, clustering and logging facies and imaging logging mode have been used to create a quantitative interpretation chart of high resolution graphic clustering logging facies for the sedimentary microfacies of the platform and the platform margin, and to realize the continuous interpretation of the sedimentary microfacies of the whole well. The characteristics and quantitative evaluation of the sedimentary microfacies of the sedimentary microfacies of the platform margin slope.3. are carried out in the platform and the platform margin slope reef beach reservoir. The reservoir spatial and physical characteristics, the diagenesis type and the diagenesis stage are clearly defined, and the conventional logging and imaging logging quantitative interpretation templates are established, and the lower limit of carbonate reservoir and the fluid identification standard have been confirmed. The carbonate reservoir space in the limo slope of the right bank of the right bank of the Amu river is mainly in the secondary and intergranular pores, and the high energy grain beach in the platform keeps some primary holes, and the cracks in the slope area of the middle eastern part of the slope are developed. The study of diagenesis shows that compaction and cementation are the main types of destructive diagenesis, including sulfur. The buried dissolution and fracture effect of acid salt thermo chemical reduction (TSR) are the main constructive diagenesis. Through the analysis of Paleotemperature and paleosalinity, trace elements, carbon and oxygen isotopes and strontium isotopes of diagenetic fluids, the evolution stages of diagenesis are divided, and the model of diagenesis and pore evolution in the platform and the platform margin is established, and the reservoir is the reservoir. On the basis of zoning and stratified mineral model, the well logging interpretation mathematical model suitable for the carbonate rocks in the platform and the platform edge slope is selected, and the rational parameters are optimized by the log data statistics and the laboratory analysis data to form a conventional log interpretation template for the carbonate reservoir in the platform and the platform edge slope; On the basis of the identification of fracture types, the quantitative interpretation of the imaging logging seams has been carried out. Combining with the production data of the logging multi parameter rendezvous plate and the oil test conclusion, the lower limit of the conservative reservoir of the porosity of 4% of the carbonate rock in the platform and the platform margin is clearly defined. Gas and water SW < 50%, gas water same layer 50%sw70%, water layer: SW > 70%, for gas water interface identification, gas reservoir type research, reserves calculation, test oil layer section and the selection of development perforation section laid the foundation.4. division and platform margin slope carbonate reservoir type, set up different types of reservoir comprehensive identification chart, create with conventional logging data as variables The reservoir type quantitative discriminant model is used to analyze the main control factors of reservoir formation, to clarify the formation conditions and distribution rules of the large-scale reservoir, and to establish the distribution pattern of the reservoir type in the platform and the platform margin. The reservoir space and combination mode of the carbonate rock in the platform and the platform edge slope are varied, and the reservoir type and the complexity of the genesis are revealed, and the reservoir type is clearly defined. The pattern of plane and longitudinal distribution is of great significance for high efficiency exploration and development. Based on core, physical analysis and logging data, it is revealed that the carbonate rocks of the right bank in the right bank of the Amu River and the platform margin slope are developed in four types of reservoirs, such as pore type, pore type, fractured pore type and sewn hole type, and the comprehensive identification chart of various types of reservoirs is established. In this paper, the logging response values of various reservoirs are analyzed, and a quantitative identification model of reservoir type is established with the ratio of depth resistance ratio (RD/RS), the difference between the total porosity of density neutron and the porosity of acoustic porosity (t- s) as a multi variable reservoir type. The method of the quantitative reservoir type classification based on the conventional logging data has been formed, and the recognition of the distribution pattern of the reservoir type is not clear. The main control factors of various reservoir development show that the pore type and pore type reservoir are mainly controlled by sedimentary microfacies, sequence interface and related dissolution, and the fractured pore type reservoirs are mainly controlled by sedimentary microfacies, fractures and related dissolution, and the fractured and cavern reservoirs are mainly controlled by fractures and related buried dissolution. The formation conditions and distribution laws of the large reservoirs are clearly defined, and the distribution pattern of the reservoir type in the platform and the platform margin is set up by.5., which reveals that Saman Jay Per is a thick layer of stacked flat in the concealed paleo uplift, which breaks the traditional understanding of the main production layer of the gas field as the main barrier reef in the gas field and clear the scale. The depositional geological characteristics, control factors and distribution laws of the development of the flat beach have been established to guide the discovery of a number of large-scale flat shoals in the right bank of the right bank of the Amu river. The Sa Manjie Pere gas field found in the west of the right bank was considered to be a reef beach facies gas field on the edge of the platform. It is revealed that the formation of the lower Oxford formation in the SAM Jay gas field is a thick layer of thick layer beach in the upper layer of the concealed paleo uplift, breaking the geological understanding of the "platform levee reef" in the main gas field, and combining the paleogeomorphology with the sea level change analysis, and clearly defined the flat surface distribution, the breeding horizon, the type and combination of the beach body, and the scale of the platform. The development conditions of the inner beach reservoir have established the geological pattern of the development of the flat beach. The high site of the palaeogenic paleogenal area of the buried basement is large, vertical and multistage superposition, and a wide range of transverse distribution, forming a large-scale stacked flat. The single layer of the beach body in the low-lying parts of the paleogomorphology is thin, the total thickness is small, the scale of the flat beach is limited, sequence sequence is limited. Sequence sequence is limited. The inner platform inner beach reservoir in the stratigraphic framework is developed in the middle upper part of the Paran sequence. Based on the geological understanding of the control of the development of the flat beach in the palaeoggeomorphology, through the stratigraphic lamination technique, the compensatory thickness method and the residual thickness method, many sub grade paleogomorphic highlands developed in the Western Charles and kenzkkuru uplift have been identified. The development area of the inner beach is confirmed by drilling, which guides the discovery of several large-scale beach in the west of the right bank of the Amu river.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P618.13

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